INkosi yezindandatho

INkosi yezindandatho iyinoveli enemiqulu emithathu ebhalwe nguJohn Ronald Reuel Tolkien, owaziwa kangcono njengoJRR Tolkien, Uprofesa waseBrithani nesazi semilingo. Ithathwa njengomunye wemisebenzi emihle yamaphupho amahle yekhulu lama-XNUMX ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo okukhulu kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezifundo zemibhalo ezidingidayo.

Ishicilelwe e-United Kingdom phakathi kuka-1954 no-1955, futhi yathandwa kakhulu ngaphesheya kwemingcele yayo kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1960.. Kukhulise isiko labantu abashiseka ngokweqile, ukwakhiwa kwemiphakathi yabafundi, kanye nokushicilelwa kwemilando yomlobi nemibhalo eyengeziwe. Umsebenzi uhunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezu kwamashumi amane waphinde washicilelwa kaningi. Futhi ngeke aphike, akuwona umsebenzi olula ukufunda, kodwa kuzoshiya umfundi ngamunye athathe izimfundiso ezingasoze zalibaleka nezifundisayo.

Umsebenzi obalulekile

Ukuduma kwe- INkosi yezindandatho lidlule izincwadi. Kokubili le noveli kanye ne-prequel yayo, Hobbit, nevolumu yesisekelo eyilandelayo, AbakwaSilmarillion, ziye zaguqulelwa eminyakeni edlule ekusakazweni komsakazo, imidlalo yebhodi, imidlalo yokulingisa, amanoveli wezithombe, imidlalo yaseshashalazini nemidlalo yamafilimu.

Ukuguqulwa kwamafilimu okuphumelele kakhulu yi-trilogy eqondiswa ngumenzi wefilimu waseNew Zealand uPeter Jackson, ekhishwe phakathi kuka-2001 no-2003. Lawa mafilimu athola izindondo eziningi nokuhlonishwa emikhosini eyahlukene yamafilimu, kufaka phakathi i-Oscar for Best Film ekwethuleni kokugcina, Ukubuya kweNkosi, ngo-2004. Kwakungalindelekile ukuthi kube ngaphansi, ikakhulukazi njengoba kuwukuzithathela enye yezincwadi ezithengwa kakhulu emlandweni.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izincwadi ezithengwa kakhulu emlandweni

Sobre el autor

UJRR Tolkien wazalwa ngo-1892 eBloemfontein, e-Orange Free State (namuhla eyiNingizimu Afrika), kodwa kusukela esemncane wahlala eBirmingham, eNgilandi. Usebenze njengesiphathimandla sezokuxhumana esingungoti eButhweni laseBrithani phakathi neMpi Yezwe I. Wenza izifundo ze-English philology kanye ne-linguistics. Wayenguprofesa e-University of Oxford naseMerton College.

Ulwazi lwakhe olunzulu lwesiNgisi, isiJalimane nezilimi ezandulelayo (phakathi kwezinye izilimi eziningi azazi kahle), kanye nentshisekelo yakhe kwezenkolo, Izinganekwane nefilosofi yaseNorse, kubonakala endaweni yonke eyinkimbinkimbi ye- INkosi yezindandatho, Hobbit y AbakwaSilmarillion.

Ngaphezu kwale misebenzi, wabhala izinkondlo eziningi nezindaba futhi wakhela izilimi ezahlukahlukene izinhlanga ezahlukahlukene zabalingiswa kumanoveli akhe. Ushone e-Oxford ngo-1973.

Umhlaba ophakathi nendawo kanye nenganekwane eyasungula ubuntu

Izehlakalo ze INkosi yezindandatho zenzeka ezwenikazi eliqanjiwe elibizwa nge-Middle Earth, ikhuthazwe yizindawo zaseYurophu, e-Afrika nase-Asia. Ama-Elves, ama-hobbits, ama-dwarves, amadoda, i-dúnedain, ama-orcs, phakathi kwezinye izinhlanga ahlangana kuleli zwekazi.

Indaba isitshela ngezimpi ezilwelwa ukuthola nokucekela phansi iringi eyingqayizivele. Le ringi iyinto enamandla kakhulu futhi eyingozi. Yadalwa ngunkulunkulu omubi, uSauron, ngenhloso yokubusa amanye amasongo wamandla okwakhiwa onkulunkulu futhi anikezwa izinhlanga ezahlukahlukene ezazigcwele uMhlaba oPhakathi ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngenhlanhla lokho kuhlobene nama-prequels, iringi eyingqayizivele, isezandleni zikaBilbo Baggins, isakhamuzi saseHobbit saseThe Shire. Umshana kaBilbo, uFrodo, ulizuza njengelifa kanye nomsebenzi wokumletha kuMordor nokumcekela phansi. KuMordor kulele umoya weSauron, umphikisi omkhulu wale ndaba.

Kwezinye zezincwadi zakhe UTolkien usho ukuthi uMhlaba oPhakathi uyisifaniso soMhlaba wangempela nokuthi yonke le micimbi iyinganekwane ngemvelaphi yesintu sanamuhla.

Imicimbi ihlobene ngamavolumu amathathu:

• Ukubambisana Kweringi
• IMibhoshongo emibili
• Ukubuya kweNkosi
  

  Isilinganiso se-JRR Tolkien.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo kanye nesitayela sokulandisa

Ukulandisa okuningiliziwe nokuvumelanayo

I-Lord of the Rings akuyona i-trilogy, ngoba lokhu okulandwayo kumavolumu amathathu kuhlobene ngqo futhi ngeke kwaziswe ngakunye. Esikhundleni salokho, kuyinoveli ende emiqulu emithathu, ngayinye ihlukaniswe yaba izincwadi ezimbili, kanye nesandulela ngaphambi kwencwadi yokuqala.

Umlandisi wazi konke futhi kunezigaba ngisho nezahluko zonke ezinikezelwe ekuchazeni izilungiselelo ngokuningiliziwe., imicimbi, abalingiswa, izinto nezisusa. Ekuqaleni ukulandisa kulandela u-Frodo nawo wonke ama-Hobbits, kepha endaweni ethile kwivolumu yesibili ihlukaniswe futhi ilandela imicimbi eyahlukene eyenzeka ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kwenze ukuthi indaba ilungele ukuguqulelwa kokulalelwayo nokubukwayo.

Izingqikithi ezahlukene kanye namathonya

Ingqikithi enkulu ye- INkosi yezindandatho kuyimpi yokuhle nokubi nokuzidela kokuhle okukhulu, ebhekise enkolweni yamaKhatholika uTolkien ayeyisho. Abalingiswa abakhulu bagqugquzelwe yizinkomba eziningi ezivela ezinganekwaneni zaseNorse kanye nezingqungqulu zasendulo zama-Anglo-German, njengenkondlo Beowulf.

Le ndaba inokufana okuthile neqhawe lase-Iceland UVölsunga, umthombo ofanayo wokukhuthazwa kwe-opera Indandatho yeNibelung nguRichard Wagner. Abanye abafundi bathola nezethenjwa ze MacbethnguWilliam Shakespeare nezinye izindima ezivela ku- La República kaPlato.

Ukwakheka kwamagama ahlukene

Ngezinhlanga ezahlukene kanye nemindeni yabalingiswa abakhona emsebenzini, umbhali wayo udale amagama ahlukene nezichazamazwi, iphefumulelwe kancane ngezilimi zangempela kepha yehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.

Isibonelo, i-gnomic, ulimi lwama-gnomes; I-Sindarin, yama-elves ampunga; amaQuenya, ama-elves kaNoldor kanye neTelerín, yezindololwane zolwandle. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlelo zayo zohlelo lolimi, uTolkien ayezipholisha njengoba eqhubeka ngokubhalwa kwale noveli kanye nokubuyekezwa kwayo okwalandela. Kubagxeki abaningi kanye nabafundi, ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zilimi kudume ngokunotha INkosi yezindandatho.

Personajes

Frodo

Ungumlingisi ophambili endabeni. Ungowomjaho we-hobbit, futhi uyinzalo kaBilbo Baggins, azuza kuye indandatho eyingqayizivele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphethe ukuphatha nokuphatha indandatho eMount Doom eMordor ukuze abhujiswe., enkampanini yeSamsgaz namanye amalungu eFellowship of the Ring. Ngesikhathi sohambo uthonywa yiringi, emhlupha futhi imenze afise amandla. Ekugcineni ufeza umsebenzi wakhe futhi ushiya umhlaba ophakathi uya e-The Undying Lands.

I-Aragorn

Uyi-dunnn, okungukuthi, owohlanga oluphakeme lwamadoda, unamandla futhi uphila isikhathi eside. Ungukaputeni wasenyakatho iDúnedain futhi uyindlalifa efanelekile esihlalweni sobukhosi sase-Arnor, enyakatho yoMhlaba ophakathi.

Uhole ukuBambisana kweRingi ngemuva kokushona okusobala kukaGandalf futhi walwa impi emasangweni kaMordor ngakho uFrodo noSam bangabhubhisa indandatho emehlweni kaSauron.

Ekupheleni kwezimpi wagcotshwa njengenkosi yase-Arnor naseGondor futhi washada no-elwen Arwen.

Samsagacious

I-Samsagaz, noma uSam nje, ungumhlali we-hobbit wase-The Shire. Ungumngane omkhulu kaFrodo futhi uhamba naye futhi uyamvikela kulo lonke lolu hambo maqondana nokubhujiswa kwendandatho eyodwa.

I-Gollum

Uyi-hobbit eyonakaliswe ngamandla endandatho eyodwa. Igama lakhe ekuqaleni kwakunguSmeagol. Indandatho wayithola ingakangeni kuBilbo, umalume kaFrodo, futhi yayingaphansi kwakhe iminyaka eminingi.

Ukhathazekile ngokuyibuyisa futhi ulandela uFrodo phakathi nohambo oluya eMordor, lapho babe nezingxabano eziningi. Ekugcineni usika umunwe wakhe lapho uFrodo efake khona indandatho bese ewela nayo emalangabini eNtaba iDoom. Kungumfanekiso wokucekelwa phansi okwenziwe yiringi kanye nesifiso samandla.

I-Boromir

Kuyinto yedunadan yaseGondor. Waya kuRivendell ngemuva kokuphupha indandatho eyodwa futhi wayeyingxenye ye-Fellowship of the Ring. Walingwa yindandatho futhi wacishe wayihlwitha kuFrodo. Ushone evikela ama-hobbits empini futhi ngaleyo ndlela wageza icala lakhe ngokuzivumela ukuthi ayengwe yiringi.

ISauron

Ungumphikisi omkhulu wale ndaba. Ungunkulunkulu omubi nomgunyathi wendandatho eyingqayizivele. Ngaphambi kwemicimbi ye INkosi yezindandatho, wehluliwe indandatho yathathwa kuye. Umoya wakhe uhlala eMordor uzungezwe izidalwa ezimbi.

Isifiso sakhe ukuthola kabusha indandatho eyodwa ukuze kubuse uNoldor, umndeni wama-elves ongabanikazi bamasongo asele, futhi ngaleyo ndlela babuse eMhlabeni Ophakathi.

Gandalf

Ungumlingo noma i-istar yasendulo. Ungumholi weThe Fellowship of the Ring futhi uqondisa isenzo sikaFrodo kokuningi kwendaba.. Ulwa ne-balrog futhi uwa ngesikhathi sokulwa ezimayini zaseMoria, avumela bonke oBambiswano ukuthi bathuthuke.

Uyabuya kamuva egqoke ezimhlophe futhi waqiniswa ukuze aqhubeke nokuqondisa uFrodo nabanye emsebenzini wabo.

IGaladriel

Uyi-elf enamandla kakhulu, ingxenye yomndeni wakwaNoldor. Ungunkosikazi kaCeleborn, omunye wama-elves abaluleke kakhulu eMiddle Earth.. Unikeze amalungu eThe Fellowship of the Ring izipho ezahlukahlukene ukuwasiza ohambweni lwawo. Ungumphathi welinye lamasongo ayishumi nambili, ogama lakhe linguNenya.

I-Legolas

Uyindlovu yesizwe sakwaSinda, indodana yenkosi ye-elf uThandruil weMirkwood. Ungomunye wamalungu ayisishiyagalolunye e-The Fellowship of the Ring. Uqondise ubudlelwano neCaras Galadhon, lapho kuhlala khona uCeleborn noGaladriel. Uba ngumngane ka-Aragorn no-Gimli omncane, ngaleyo ndlela alethe izinhlanga ezintathu lapho behlangene khona. Yilwa ngesibindi e-Battle of Horn Town nasempini yokugcina eMordor.