Metonymy

I-Metonymy kwimibongo kaPablo Neruda.

I-Metonymy okanye i-transnomination yinto echanekileyo echazwe njengesiqhelo sokutshintsha kwe-semantic. Kuyo, into okanye umbono ukhethwe ngegama lenye ngenxa yonxibelelwano lokuxhomekeka okanye ukubakho phakathi kwezinto ezimbini. Obu budlelwane ngokubanzi bubangela umphumo. Kunokubakho ikhonkco lekhonteyina-umxholo, umyili-umsebenzi okanye uphawu-intsingiselo.

Igama "metonymy" ivela kwindibano yamagama amabini esiGrike: μετ- (meta-) okanye "ngaphaya", kunye Ngobunono (onomazein) onentsingiselo ethi "igama". Ngokudibeneyo inokuguqulelwa "njengokufumana igama elitsha." Ngesi sizathu, enye yeenkcazo ezinxulumene negama elithi metonymy lelithi “trope equka ukuyila indawo ngenxalenye (icandelo leprogram) ". (A. Romera wesango Iingxelo). Sinokukufanelekela njengomboniso wokuyilwa kweelwimi. Lo mgangatho unokuxatyiswa kakhulu kukusetyenziswa okungafaniyo okunikwa ngabemi beedolophu kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yehlabathi.

Umahluko kunye nokufana phakathi kwe-metonymy kunye ne-synecdoche

I-synecdoche kunye ne-metonymy zinokufana okuninzi, kuba, enyanisweni, basebenzisa izixhobo ezifanayo. Umahluko kuphela kukuba i-synecdoche ihlala ivela kwimbalelwano [umxholo-iinxalenye zomxholo] okanye [iyonke kunye neendawo ezipheleleyo]. Oko kukuthi, kusetyenziswa inzululwazi yebhayoloji, iba bubudlelwane phakathi kwesini kunye neentlobo.

Kunoko, Kwi-metonymy unxibelelwano lubangelwa kwaye kufakwa endaweni yalo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezininzi ezinikezelwe kuncwadi kunye nokufundwa kolwimi, i-synecdoche ibonakala njengohlobo lwe-metonymy. Oku kungqinwa sesi sivakalisi silandelayo: "ukujijeka kwegwebu kwamrhuqela elunxwemeni." Kule meko, "igwebu" linokubhekisa kwimpembelelo yamaza okanye inxenye yawo.

Umahluko phakathi kwesikweko kunye nemethonymy

Nangona omabini la magama entetho asetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana nezinto ezimbini, Isikweko sikwisalathiso senzeka phakathi kwento yokomfuziselo neyokwenene Ngenxa yoko, icandelo elicacisiweyo alikho okanye liyinxalenye yecandelo. Umzekelo: xa ababhali besebenzisa igama elithi "ebony" ukuchaza ukuqaqamba kunye nebala lolusu lwabantu baseAfrika.

Iindidi zemetonymy, enemizekelo

Isizathu ngokusebenza

• "Ilanga limchaphazele." Ngokubhekiselele kubushushu belanga okanye ukukhanya kwelanga (kukhazimla)
• "Iqela elivela kubasebenzi abaninzi." Igama elithi "ipati" lithetha ukudinwa okugqithileyo.
• "Ezi nwele zingwevu zixabisa kakhulu." "Ingwevu" ibhekisa ngqo kumava afunyenwe ngumntu ngenxa yobudala bakhe.
• "Imigca iphumelele ebaleni lokudlala." Kule meko, "imivumbo" ligama lasemkhosini (elikwinqanaba) longezwa kwimidlalo. Amagqabantshintshi ahlala eyisebenzisa ukubonisa imbeko okanye ulawulo oluphezulu olufunyenwe ngumdlali okanye iqela ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo.
• "Ihempe yakhe ilinganisiwe". Eli lelinye ibinzana elisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabadlali bezemidlalo. Ngokwenyani, umdlali akayilinganisi ihempe yakhe ngokwenyani yebinzana. Eli nani libhekisa ekunciphiseni kokusebenza okulindelweyo kwembaleki xa athengiswa kwiqela elidumileyo (xa kuthelekiswa neklabhu yakhe yangaphambili).

 Iziphumo zesizathu

• "Unemigca yesikhundla." Igama elithi “iilitha” lithetha ukubanakho (okanye ikharityhulam). Kwangelo xesha, "isikhundla" sithetha isihloko somsebenzi, hayi isitulo.
• "Kuya kufuneka uphume uye kufumana iitapile zakho." Ibinzana elithi "ukufumana iitapile" lithatha indawo "yokusebenza."
• "Lo mntwana unyikima ohambahambayo." Kule meko, igama elithi "inyikima" libonisa ukungazinzi kosana kunye / okanye indlela yokuziphatha gwenxa.

Isiqulatho ngomxholo

• "Sela ikomityi." Ngokubhekisele ekuseleni imixholo yendebe.
• "Uza kutya isitya esinye okanye ezimbini?" Ukudibanisa nokutya okuqulathwe zizitya.
• "Uthathe ibhotile." Ibonisa ukuba imixholo yebhotile yayisele.

Uphawu lwento ebonakalisiweyo

• "Ufunge ukuthembeka kwiflegi." Ngokuthi "iflegi" sithetha ilizwe elithile.
• "Ubomvu bulawula iCuba, iNicaragua neVenezuela." Igama "bomvu" libonisa umbala woorhulumente abanobuchule kubukomanisi.
• Indlu emhlophe ilawula kwiChampions kumaxesha amathathu elandelelanayo". Kule meko, "indlu emhlophe" ibhekisa kumbala we (yengingqi) iyunifomu yeReal Madrid CF.. Kwijargon yezemidlalo, imibala eqhelekileyo okanye amanani akhoyo kwimifuziselo yeklabhu ahlala esetyenziselwa ukubambela igama leqela ngokwalo. Umzekelo: blaugrana (Barcelona FC), iidemon ezibomvu (iManchester United), ebomvu (iqela laseSpain) ...

Umbhali womsebenzi

• "Kulo mboniso bekukho iiRembrandts ezininzi." Ngokubhekisele kwimizobo emininzi kaRembrandt.
• "Kutheni kukho umthubi omninzi kwiiVan Goghs?" Ngendlela efanayo kwisivakalisi sangaphambili, bonisa imizobo kaVan Gogh.
• "Kuthathe ixesha elide ukuba afunde iCervantes." Kule meko, inokubhekisa kwincwadi okanye kuwo wonke umsebenzi opheleleyo we Miguel de Cervantes.
• "Umbulali unzima kakhulu kum." Igama "Slayer" libhekisa kumculo wale rock band.
• "Isimo esiqhelekileyo saseBurton." Ngokudibanisa umboniso bhanyabhanya womlawuli Tim Burton.
• "Iimpawu zeembali zikaJohnny Deep." Isivakalisi sibhekisa ekusebenzeni kwetoliki.

Isixhobo somculi okanye umbhali

• "Olona peni lumele ubunyani bemilingo kukuba UGarcia Marquez".
• "Unyawo lwasekhohlo lukaMessi luthelekiswa kuphela noMaradona." Kule meko, igama "ngasekhohlo" libhekisa kwindlela yakho yokubetha ibhola ngalo mlenze.
• "Isiginci sesibini sebhendi." Isalathiso ngumntu odlala isixhobo.

Indawo yemveliso

• "Ndiyakuthanda ukuba neBordeaux emva kwesidlo sangokuhlwa." Kulo mzekelo, "iBordeaux" ibhekisa kwiwayini. Ngendlela efanayo kuyenzeka xa kusetyenziswe amagama anje nge: Rioja, Jerez, Montilla, Provenza ...

Umcimbi wento

• Msgstr "Iseyile". Kubhekiswa kwipeyinti.
• "Imidlalo yezithuthi". Ibhekisa kuqeqesho oluthile kwezemidlalo.
• "Iithebhu." Ligama elinxulunyaniswa nemiboniso yokusebenza (imidlalo yeqonga, ifilimu okanye umabonwakude).

I-Metonymy kwimibongo kaGabriela Mistral.

Igama lento ngomnye osondeleyo okanye odibene nayo

• "Ikhola yehempe."

Inxalenye iyonke

• "Ibhola igqobhoze umnatha." Igama "net" libhekisa kwinjongo kwibhola ekhatywayo.
• "Kwakungekho ndawo yomphefumlo kwelo theko" (kwakungekho ndawo yabantu abaninzi).

Iyonke kwinxalenye

• "Ukupolisha imoto" (ivenkile yomzimba).

Imizekelo ye-metonymy kwimibongo