Udliwanondlebe noRG Wittener, umdali weMonozuki.

Namhlanje sonwabile ukwenza udliwanondlebe RG Wittener (Witten, Jemani, 1973), umbhali waseSpain Iintsomi zesayensi, amabali amnandi, kunye namabali awoyikisayo kunye neenoveli; kwaye yaziwa ukusukela nge-2018 yencwadi yakhe UMonozuki. Intombazana eyimpungutye, imbali malunga Ifantasy yaseMpuma.

RG Wittener, umbhali nomsebenzi wakhe

Actualidad Literatura: Okokuqala nakwabo bangakwaziyo ungasixelela kancinci? Ngubani uRG Wittener, imvelaphi yakho, kwaye wenza ntoni namhlanje?

RG Wittener: Igama lam ndingu URafael Gonzalez Wittener, Ndazalelwa eJamani phakathi kwiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe kwaye, ndisemncinane kakhulu, usapho lwam lwafudukela eMadrid, apho ndikhulele khona ndaye ndahlala khona.
Ukuqhagamshelana kwam noncwadi kwakusemncinci, kuba ndiqale ukufunda xa ndandineminyaka emine ubudala, ndaye ndanesibindi sokubhala inoveli yam yokuqala xa ndandimalunga neshumi elinesihlanu kwaye ndakwazi ukuba elifutshane ibhaso lokugqibela Efanelekileyo, enikezwe libhunga ledolophu iAlcobendas, neminyaka engama-25.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuzinikela kwam ekubhaleni kuye kwahamba phakathi kwamahla ndinyuka kude kube li-2010, xa ndaye ndapapasha okokuqala ngendlu yokupapasha i-Grupo AJEC engasasebenziyo ngoku. Ukusukela ngoko ndaye ndathatha inxaxheba kwiingqokelela zamabali, ezinje nge Eyona nto ibalaseleyo yeSpanish Steampunk Ukusuka kwindlu yokupapasha yaseNevsky, Ukuthiya igama elinye, ndiye ndanobuganga bokunika ukujija kumabali akudala kwingqokelela yamabali anesihloko Akunombala okanye ubomvu, kude kube ngoku, ndibonisa inoveli kuwe UMonozuki. Intombazana eyimpungutye, ihlelwe ngu Carmot Cinezela.
Ngoku ndihlala kwaye ndisebenza eMadrid, kwaye ngeentsuku zam zokuphumla akuqhelekanga ukuzibona ndibhala kwenye yeekhefi kwindawo yaseMaravillas.

KWI: Yintoni eyenze wafuna ukuba ngumbhali?

ingcaphephe: Ezo noveli bendizifunda ndisemncinci zezona bezindinyanzela ukuba ndibhale. Iilwimi ezingama-20.000 XNUMX zokuhamba ngaphantsi kwamanzi, Icorsair emnyama, Ibali elingenasiphelo, isaga se Inyoka... Ndizonwabele kakhulu, kodwa ndikuthanda nokuhlala phambi kwencwadana kwaye ndiyilele eyam. Ukusuka apho ukuya ekufuneni ukuba ngumbhali oqeqeshiweyo yinto ethi, ndiyacinga, yenzeka kuninzi lwabantu ababhala ngokwasemzimbeni. Uphela uxabisa umbono wokuzisa amabali akho kubafundi kwaye uthathe inyathelo elibaluleke ngakumbi.
Nangona, kuba ndingalunganga ngokuzoba, ndiqale ngokugxila kwihlabathi le amahlaya kunye Ukubalisa ibali; ngakumbi njengomdwebi wekhathuni kunokuba abe ngumbhali wesikrini. Kuphela sisiphumo sokupapasha inoveli yam yokuqala apho ndandiqonda khona ukuba ndibalisa ngcono ngokubhala kunokuzoba.

AL: Isitayile sakho, njengoko kunokubonwa kwi UMonozuki. Intombazana eyimpungutyeIlula, ayilula. Uyakwazi ukuhambisa okuninzi ngamagama ambalwa, kwaye ngaphandle kokucacisa, nto leyo engafezekiswanga ngababhali abaninzi. Kukho i injongo yobuhle emva koku, okanye ngaba luhlobo oluthile lweprose oziva ukhululekile ngalo?

ingcaphephe: Njengoko besenditshilo, ubudlelwane bam nee-comics bude kakhulu. Kwaye kuye ndaye ndazuza njengelifa kumkhwa wokucinga ngeziqendu njengoluhlu lwee-vignettes, ukuze xa ndibhala ndizame ukuhambisa into abafundi abaya kuyibona kulowo nalowo mbumbulu. Nangona ndibonakala kakhulu ekubaliseni, Ndiyakuphepha ukuhlala kwinkcazo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zinokufunda ngokutyibilikayo, Yeyona njongo yam iphambili. Into endizama ukulandela kuyo ingcebiso yoncwadi ethi Kuya kufuneka ujolise kwinto ebalulekileyo ebalini kwaye uphelise isixhobo.
Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili zokuhambisa ibali ngendlela emfutshane kukuzama ukuba nakho ubutyebi kwimbali. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye ndichitha ixesha lokufumana elona gama lichaza into endifuna ukuyidlulisa, nakwimibhalo-ngqangi yam ungabona uninzi lwezichazo endizishiyela lona, ​​xa kufikwa kumba wokucoca isicatshulwa, jonga ukuba kukho igama elisebenza ngcono.
Kwelinye icala, kuyinyani ukuba UMonozuki wabhalwa kunye nabaphulaphuli abancinci engqondweni Kwaye oko kwaba nefuthe elithile kwisiphumo sokugqibela, ewe. Ngokufutshane ndingathi kukho umsebenzi wobuhle, kodwa ngaphezulu kwayo yonke into esebenzayo.

AL: Ukuthetha ngale noveli, yintoni eyakhokelela ekubeni uyibhale? Lalivela phi ibali likaMonozuki?

ingcaphephe: UMonozuki waqala njengebali labantwana, ibali elifutshane elinokuchukumiseka kwendalo, elibhalwe ngokucela komhlobo. Ngalo mzuzu wokuqala kwakungekho Monozuki kwaye indalo iphela yayingeyohlabathi esaziyo sonke.
Emva kwexesha, umnxeba wamabali amafutshane wavela kwindlu yokupapasha kwaye ndacinga ukuba iyelenqe layo liza kundisebenzela ngokugqibeleleyo njengesiseko sokubhala ibali elide kwaye kulapho uMonozuki kunye nehlabathi lakhe lokuphefumlelwa kwaseJapan bavela khona. Umhlobo, owayeyinxalenye yejaji, Undixelele ukuba ibali linokubakho kwaye wacebisa ukuba ndilinike indawo engaphezulu, ukuba ndiliguqulele kwinoveli. Nangona bendingazi kakuhle ukuba ndingayenza njani, bendisongeza amanqaku kwaye ndicebisa imvelaphi yendalo iphela, ngathi ngumceli mngeni okanye umthambo wokubhala, ndingazi ukuba izophelela phi okanye izokuma ngelinye ixesha . Kude kube, ngolunye usuku oluhle, ndixelele umhleli wendlu yokupapasha iCarmot into endiyenzayo, wayithanda into awayeyifunda, kwaye ngoncedo lwakhe inoveli yaphela sele iyincwadi onokuyifunda ngoku.

AL: Kuba unamava kuzo zombini ezi meko, ucinga ukuba yintoni Umahluko ophambili phakathi kokubhala ibali elifutshane kunye nenoveli?

ingcaphephe: Umahluko ophambili ulele kuqeqesho lokubhala olufunekayo ukubhala inoveli. Zininzi ii-anecdotes malunga nendlela ababhali bakudala ababesebenzisa ngayo ukugxila ekubhaleni, okanye iimeko zangoku ezinje ngoStephen King kunye namagama akhe amawaka amabini ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba ashiye iofisi. Imizekelo eza kuthi isixelele kuphela, ngamafutshane, ukuba i-99% yento oyibhalayo okanye oyirhangayo ngelo xesha kufuneka ijolise kwinoveli, kumxholo wayo, kubalinganiswa bayo, ukuba umbalisi uchanekile ..., njl. masibeke inqaku lokugqibela. Nokuba unesingqisho sokubhala esifanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba inoveli iyakusithatha iinyanga ezininzi kuyo yonke inkqubo yayo: ukucwangcisa, isishwankathelo, ukubhala, ukubhala ngokutsha, uhlaziyo olwahlukeneyo ..., kwaye yintoni eyona ndlela yokuphepha ukushiywa embindini kukubhala yonke imihla.
Ibali, kwelinye icala, Ikubuza ngokuchaneka okungaphezulu kwaye ungasasazi kwingxelo. Kuya kufuneka ubambe umfundi kumgca wokuqala kwaye umgcine ebambekile kude kube kwiphepha lokugqibela. Ukufezekisa oku, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyazi ukuba ufuna ukuxelela ntoni, uza kuyenza ngantoni kwaye uluhlobo olunjani lweemvakalelo onomdla wokuvusa umfundi. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uza kuthatha ipeni, kunzima kwisiphumo sokugqibela ukuhlangabezana nolindelo lwakho. Ke, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ndingabhala uyilo lwebali ngeyure ezimbalwa, into endiyenzayo xa ndingenalo olo hlazo lokuhlanza ibali elitshisa ukucinga kwam kukulungiselela isishwankathelo esifutshane nesilula sokuba eli bali lihamba ngantoni ukuxelela Kwaye yintoni isiphelo endinayo engqondweni

KWI: Yeyiphi imisebenzi yakho oziqhayisa ngayo? kwaye ngoba?

ingcaphephe: Inoveli yam yokuqala, Imfihlelo yoothixo abalibalekileyoYayicacile ngaphambi nasemva kwiminqweno yam njengombhali, kunye nokundivumela ukuba ndidibane nababhali abohlukeneyo endabelana nabo ngobuhlobo. Oko kuyenza ibaluleke kakhulu kum.
Kodwa UMonozuki. Intombazana eyimpungutye Inoveli endizingomb 'isifuba ngayo ngoku, ngenxa yento emelweyo ngokwenkqubela phambili esemgangathweni kuyo yonke imiba.

AL: Ngaba usixelele malunga neyakho zombini iimpembelelo zoncwadi kunye nezongezelelo zoncwadi?

ingcaphephe: Uqinisekile ukuba ikhona indawo apha endinokuthetha ngayo wonke umntu?
Ngokwendlela yokubhala, ababhali abandenze ndangumfundi, kwaye abokuqala endandifuna ukubalinganisa xa ndibhala amabali am, babenjalo IVerne, Isalgari, kwaye UAsimov. Ezo ziya kudityaniswa kwinqanaba lokufikisa ukumkani, UMargaret Weiss y Lovecraft. Emva kwexesha, njengomntu omkhulu, balandelwa ngabanye ababhali endibathandayo endifuna ukufunda kubo: UNeil Gaiman, uTerry Pratchett, uShirley Jackson, uVladimir Nabokov, uJon Bilbao, uJoe Abercrombie, uJoyce Carol Oates y UGreg egan, ngakumbi.
Ubudlelwane bam obude kunye nehlaya landishiya ndikwazi ukubona ngeso lengqondo ii-vignettes, kunye nokulungiswa okuqinileyo kumaqhawe angalunganga kunye ne-antiheroes emva kweminyaka yokufunda X-Men. Nangona, ukongeza kwiikomkhulu ze-superhero, ekuhambeni kwexesha ndikhe ndanomdla ngemisebenzi enjengee-adventures ze UValerian, v yeVendetta, Ezilishumi eziphezulu, Yeyake nkwenkwe, Iintsomi okanye, kutshanje, Montress.
Ngokubhekisele kwizalathiso zam zangaphandle, ndihlala ndizifumana kwifilimu nakumabonwakude, kwimveliso yeevidiyo. Ndicinga ukuba uluhlu alunakuphela ... kwaye lolona luhlukeneyo! Matrix, I-Fringe, Ghost in Shell, Million dollar Umntwana, Ngaphandle kokuxolelwa, Inkosazana mononoke, Abahlali, USherlock, Ugqirha Ngubani, ukubala nje ezimbalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha kungenxa yomxholo wayo, abanye ngenxa yophuhliso olubonakalayo, abanye ngenxa yabalinganiswa bayo ... Bonke, besazi okanye bengazi, banefuthe kwinto endiyibhalayo.

AL: Ubonakala uyayithanda Oopopayi baseJapanLoluphi uthotho okanye iimuvi ezikumakishe? Ngaba ucebisa nayiphi na? Ucinga ntoni ngesi sixhobo njengesithuthi sokubalisa amabali?

ingcaphephe: Ndisebenzisa i-anime encinci kunokuba inokubonakala ngathi, ngoku, ndikude ngela xesha ndandilandela uthotho mihla le, kodwa sisixhobo endisithandayo. Njengomntwana ndadibana nemibono UMazinger Z kunye Umyalelo-G. Ke ndaye ndaphila ngokuqina ibhola yedragini, IiKnights zeZodiac kwaye zonke ezo thotho zothando zidibene ne-baseball, i-volleyball, njalo njalo. Konke kwafika entloko nge akira kwaye kamva, Ghost in Shell kunye neefilimu ze ghibli, njengoko Inkosazana mononoke y Bhomboloza Inqaba yokuhamba, ngakumbi.
Ngokumalunga neengcebiso, ndiyoyika ukuba andizukufumanisa nto intsha kubalandeli bolu hlobo: Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqibeleleyo, Paprika, Iiplanethi, Abamelwane bam iYamada, kunye neNkosazana enguMononoke esele ikhankanyiwe, i-Ghost in the Shell, kunye ne-Howl's Moving Castle.
Oopopayi, hayi i-anime kuphela, unamandla amakhulu okubalisa. Unenkululeko epheleleyo yokuphatha izicwangciso kunye nexesha ngokwalo, elikuvumela ukuba uguqule amagama abe yimifanekiso phantse ngokoqobo. Nayiphi na indalo ocinga ukuba inokubanjwa kwi-anime. Kwaye, ewe, yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokubaliswa kwamabali. Ngobugcisa bayo bolwimi kunye nokubonwayo, kodwa zilungile njengezinye.

AL: Umkhwa wakho musa ukubhala ngokulandelelanaUlawula njani ukudibanisa imiboniso eyahlukeneyo, kunye nokuba umfundi afumane amava njengebhloko eqinileyo, engenamthungo?

ingcaphephe: Inyani yile, Emva kwinoveli yam yokuqala, bendibeka ukubhala okungekho mgceni njengenkqubo yokusebenza. Ndikunye noMonozuki ndiyisebenzise kwakhona, kodwa kuphela ukongeza izigcawu kwisiqwenga sokuqala. Kwimeko yam, ndiye ndaye ndaqiniseka ukuba yinkqubo endinika iziphumo ezingcono ukuba ndiza kuyo ngendlela yokubhala itreyila yencwadi: ukuphuhlisa ezo ndawo ndizicaceleyo, ukuze kamva bandincede zibumbe izinto ezingacacanga xa ndiqala ukubhala ngokulandelelana.
Kanjalo, Ukubhala inoveli epheleleyo ngale ndlela kuyandinyanzela, okokuqala, ukuba ndibene-synopsis echazwe kakuhle, ukuba ayichazeki kwaye ayinakuchukunyiswa, kwaye emva koko uphonononge ngononophelo ukuba ukuqhubeka kwawo onke amanqaku ebali akachaphazeleki. Into eyenza inkqubo yokujonga kwakhona okubhaliweyo ibaluleke ngakumbi emva kokuwugqiba. Kodwa lelo lixabiso lokuhlawula ngokufumana ubunewunewu bokubhala ngokwemo yeemvakalelo onazo ngaloo mini kwaye ukwazi ukuthatha isigqibo malunga nento oyenzayo. Umzekelo, ukuba andifuni kungena kwindawo yesenzo kodwa ndikhangele kwezothando lwabalinganiswa abaphambili okanye ndichaze ilizwe labo, ndiyayenza.

AL: Ngaba unokunika ezinye iingcebiso kubabhali abatsha abanqwenela ukulandela ekhondweni lakho?

ingcaphephe: Andinakuba ngowokuqala kakhulu, kuba sisiqwenga seengcebiso oza kusifunda kuyo nayiphi na imanu

KWI: bhala yonke into onokuyenza, ukuba yimihla ngemihla, ngcono, kwaye ufunde yonke into. Ukuziqhelanisa nakho kukuvumela ukuba uphucule kwaye, xa uphonononge into oyibhalileyo kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo, uyakugcina ukufumana izicatshulwa eziqaqambileyo phakathi kwesininzi nawe ngokwakho oza kwazi ukuba kufuneka uphinde uzibambe ukuze zifike kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

AL: yintoni na? Yintoni oyithandayo kakhulu, kwaye yintoni encinci, yomsebenzi wokubhala.

ingcaphephe: Eyona nto ndiyithanda ngokubhala yile thetha nabafundi kamva. Sele ndizimazile iingxoxo zeklabhu yeencwadi, kwaye kuyanceda kakhulu ukubona indlela abayichaze ngayo le ndawo okanye indawo, phendula imibuzo malunga nento ekukhuthazileyo malunga nelinye ibali, ufumanise ukuba kukho izingqinisiso ongakhange uziqonde xa ubhala okanye bazi ukuba kubenze bazive njani ngokubanzi. Ayizizo zonke izimvo ezilungileyo, ewe, kodwa unokufunda kwezi.
Elinye icala lengqekembe ngu yamkela ngokokugxekwa. Ukubhala inoveli kufuna ixesha elininzi kunye nomzamo, kwaye kubeka ulusu kunye nomphefumlo wakho, kwaye akusoloko kulula ukufumana izimvo ezivela kubantu abangakhange bafunde bengazi okanye abanocalucalulo olusisiseko. Kuyimfuneko ukuba nomsindo kwimithambo-luvo kwaye uthathe uluvo lwabanye ngokuthe chu. Kwimeko yam, ndizama ukuphonononga oko bakuthethayo ngomsebenzi ngamnye, jonga ukuba ukugxekwa kuyavumelana nabanye abantu xa bethetha ngale nto okanye ngaleya ngongoma, kwaye ndiyazibuza ukuba ndingathini malunga nayo. Ukuba ndicinga ukuba ukugxeka kusekwe kwaye kunokuba lutshintsho lube ngcono, ndizama ukukusebenzisa.

AL: Ukushiya uncwadi ecaleni, ziziphi izinto ozithandayo onazo?

ingcaphephe: ICinema yeyona nto ndiyithandayo. Ukuba ndikwimood, ndingaya kwiimovie ukuya kuthi ga kabini okanye kathathu ngeveki. Kananjalo, minyaka le ndizama ukugcina iintsuku kwiholide zam zehlobo ukuya kwiZinemaldia eSan Sebastián. Ngaphandle koko, nangoku Ndifunde iicomic, Ndiyadlala imidlalo yebhodi xa ndinethuba, kwaye Ndiyathanda ukuqokelela iipeni zomthombo.

AL: Injani i- RG Wittener yemihla ngemihla?

ingcaphephe: Imini yam yemihla ngemihla iyadika: Ndivuka ekuseni kakhulu, ndiye emsebenzini, ndifike ekhaya ndisitye kwaye ndihambise emva kwemini eyona nto ndinako phakathi kokubhala, ukubamba uthotho lweTV okanye ukufunda, kunye nokuhlala.

AL: Inye ukuqeshwa othanda ngokukodwa.

ingcaphephe: "Indoda ayazi ukuba inako ukwenza ntoni de izame". "UCharles Dickens."

AL: Inye igama lonto iyakuchaza.

ingcaphephe: Ukunyamezela. Ndine tattoo kumphambili wam, ukuba kunokwenzeka ndonqene.

AL: Kwaye okokugqibela, ngaba ungasixelela okuthile malunga neyakho projekthi elandelayo?

ingcaphephe: Iprojekthi yam yamva nje ayiyimfihlo kakhulu. Kwabo bangandilandeli kwiinethiwekhi zonxibelelwano, kuya kwanela ukufunda ithebhu ye- UMonozuki kwaye ufumanise ukuba yi Inxalenye yesibini. Inyani yile yokuba yayingeyonto bendinayo engqondweni xa bendiphelisa inoveli, kodwa umhleli wam wandicenga ukuba ndinike umoya ongaphezulu kwindalo kaMonozuki kwiincwadi ezininzi. Inoveli yokuqala iyaziqukumbela kwaye akuyomfuneko ukuba ufunde eli candelo lesibini ukuze uqonde eyokuqala, kodwa bonke abo bonwabele ilizwe likaMonozuki baya konwaba kukwazi ukuba iiholide ziyaqhubeka kwaye ibali liyonwabisa.

AL: Enkosi kakhulu ngodliwanondlebe, uWittener. Kube luvuyo.

ingcaphephe: Ndibulela kakhulu sele Actualidad Literatura ngokundinika eli thuba, kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba ndizokwazi ukuliphinda ngenye imini kwixesha elizayo.

Unokulandela RG Wittener en Twitter, Instagram, okanye funda eyakho bhulogi.