Ukufota: UGuillermo Aguirre, iprofayile kaFacebook.
UGuillermo Aguirre Uvela eBilbao kodwa uhlala eMadrid kwaye usebenza njengomgxeki woncwadi, kunye nokuba ngumbhali we-Ámbito Cultural kunye nomququzeleli wezifundo kwi-Hotel Kafka. Kule ndawo ibanzi udliwano ndlebe Uthetha nathi malunga Unonkala othile, inoveli yakhe yamva nje, nokunye okuninzi. Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngokunikela ngexesha lakho, ububele kunye nengqalelo kum.
UGuillermo Aguirre - Udliwano-ndlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho yamva nje inesihloko unonkala othile. Usixelela ntoni ngayo kwaye yavela phi le mbono?
UWilliam Aguirre: Libali lika-a iqela labafikisayo, ukusuka kwi-12 ukuya kwi-18 leminyaka ubudala, naseBilbao ekupheleni kweminyaka yamashumi alithoba, nangona iyelenqe eliphakathi lisebenza ikakhulu ngomnye wabo: iCangrejo. Bonke bangamakhwenkwe ayeka isikolo aye ezitalatweni. Sinokusilela ngokulinganayo: ukungaphumeleli ngokweemvakalelo, ukungaphumeleli kwemfundo yasekhaya kunye nemfundo esesikweni kwaye ekugqibeleni ukusilela kobundlobongela njengendlela yokuphumeza izinto. Baye bathi yinoveli ngqwabalala, ngokungaguqukiyo, ndlongondlongo kananjalo nangoburharha obuthile.
Injongo yayikukuba ukukwazi ukucacisa ngcono kwabo bafikisayo baphuma embizeni, iminqweno yabo, iintshukumisa zabo, indlela yabo yokucinga, ukubandezeleka, kwaye kwangaxeshanye babeke umfundi kancinane kwindawo yoluntu: senze ntoni nabo? Ngaba siyabasindisa, ngaba siyabagweba? Sizibeka phi? Ingcamango ngokwayo ayikho kangako vukagxebe wayenjalo. Ngaba ndandithetha loo nto Ndandikwishumi elivisayo kwezo, yaye xa uphila ngamava athile, kubonakala kunyanzelekile ukubaxelela ukuba unalo ithuba.
Kwinoveli ndidala a iyelenqe eliyintsomi elijikeleze uthotho lobundlobongela nolwaphulo-mthetho akwenzekanga oko, okanye akwenzekanga kum, kodwa injongo yokugqibela kukutyhileka ngasemva kwimiba endiyaziyo mna ngokwam, kwaye evuselela umsebenzi, enokuthetha ubuso ngobuso nomntwana okwishumi elivisayo oneengxaki, umzali okwishumi elivisayo onengxaki, okanye nawuphi na ummi onomdla malunga nolu hlobo lwetyala kunye ne-B-side adolescence, ukuze athethe. Kwabo bahamba kwicala eliyingozi lobomi.
- AL: Ngaba ungabuyela kwincwadi yokuqala oyifundileyo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?
GA: Ndicinga ukuba yayimalunga Umoya kwimingcunube, okanye mhlawumbi ye Peter Pan. Ubuncinane ezo yayiziincwadi zokuqala endazifunda ngaphandle koncedo okanye ngaphandle kwenkampani, kwaye zazingagcwele imifanekiso. Andikhumbuli ncam iminyaka yam, kodwa ndikhumbula ndizifunda kwelinye igumbi elahlukileyo kweli lam, utatomkhulu, ukuze ndilale kufutshane negumbi likamama (Ndandisoyika ebusuku). Ndiyayikholelwa lo nto kolo loyiko lobusuku nokungakwazi ukulala kulapho kwavuka umdla omkhulu wokufunda.
Ebudeni belo xesha kufuneka ndifunde nencwadi ebizwa Amakhwenkwe asePal Street, nguFerenc Molnár, isihloko esingaziwayo kunezo zangaphambili, malunga nabantwana abathi ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-XNUMX balwela indawo engenanto ebumelwaneni ngamatye. Ndiyayithanda. Mhlawumbi nayo inento yokwenza nayo unonkala othile: Ukuthabatheka kobumnyama, kubundlobongela, i-antihero yinto ekhokelela uCrab ukuba adibane nabantu ababi emsebenzini. Zilumkeleni ke ezo zinto zibhaliweyo, kuba zigcina zigwebe.
Ngayiphi na imeko, ukujonga omnye umbuzo, ibali lokuqala endaqalisa ukuyibhala kumatshini wokuchwetheza katatomkhulu, owawunamaphepha angamasiqingatha egreyhound. Ibilibali elizaliswe ziimpazamo zopelo apho abantu abathathu behla baye equleni kwaye apho bafumana impucuko entsha apho izilwanyana zithetha kwaye ziphile njengathi, nalapho abantu basebenza njengezilwanyana zasekhaya. Ewe andizange ndiyigqibe, kwaye andinakuyichaza ukuba iphetha njani, kuba ngendiyigqibile malunga neminyaka elithoba, okanye kunjalo, kodwa usesekhaya. Ngamanye amaxesha ndiyifumana kwifolda yobuntwana, ngoko ndiyazi ukuba ikho, okanye ukuba yayikhona.
- AL: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.
GA: Ndicinga ukuba kukho amaxesha amaninzi kakhulu ukuba abe nombhali okhokelayo kuyo nganye. Ukuba uyafuna, ndiza kukuxelela ezinye iincwadi zamaxesha ahlukeneyo ezindiphawuleyo: iesile legolide, ka-Apuleyo. isikhokelo, El UAdolphe nguBenjamin Constant, IiAdventures zeHuckleberry Finn o Moby Dick... kunye umhambi, nguColette, siya kungena kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX, kwaye kukho izinto eziqala ukuphindaphinda kakhulu ngokunxulumene nababhali kunye nababhali endibathandayo okanye endibathandayo: Forster, UEvelyn waugh, la ngqwabalala, uMargaret Eyakho, zonke iiRoths kwaye, ixesha elithile ngoku U-Annie Ernaux okanye uVivian Gornik…baninzi kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
Ababhali beentloko: ULawrence Durrell, uLe Carré noTerry Pratchett. Abananto ifanayo ngaphandle kwesiNgesi, kwaye akukho nakulo nto, kuba uDurrell uchithe ubomi bakhe bonke ezama ukoyikisa iBritane ngokusekwe kwizigebenga zeMeditera ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa heyi. Baphakathi kwababhali endibathandayo: owokuqala ngolwimi lwabo, owesibini ngowamabali, owesithathu ngowoburharha.
- AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?
AG: Ukuya kumlinganiselo othile, kunzima ukuphendula oku ngaphandle kokubuyela kwiimpendulo zangaphambili: ngubani ongazange afune ukudala Peter Pan? Okanye iToad emnandi ehlekisayo evela Umoya kwimingcunube? Umama wandithiya ngomlinganiswa ophuma kwiincwadi zabantwana: UGuillermo Brown, okanye iNaughty, eyenziwe nguRichmal Crompton. Ngubani ongazange afune ukudala uWilliam Brown?
Mna, ukuba kufuneka ndidibane nomntu, ndikhetha nabaphi na abalinganiswa ukusuka kufundo lwam lobuntwana ukuya kuMadame Bovary okanye andazi, kunokuba ndibambe uHolden Caulfield, umzekelo, lowo Umbambisi kwirye… Ndiyalidlula elo litye. Kumele ukuba kube ngumlingo kakhulu ukudala into engena entlokweni yomntwana kakhulu. Kwaye sele ibekiwe, kutheni udibana nabo? Into endingathanda kukuba ndikwazi ukuba ngabo balinganiswa ngentlawulo.
- AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?
GA: ndiyabhala ndimile kancinci, kuba ndinovalo kwaye ndiyatshaya kakhulu. Ndaphinda ndafunda half standing, kwi corridors njalo njalo. Ngamanye amaxesha ndiyanyelisa xa ndibhala, okanye ndiphosa izithuko. Khululeka ingqondo yakho, loo nto.
- AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?
GA: Ewe, ndisemncinci ndandicinga ukuba kuhle kakhulu ukubhala ebusuku, into embi kakhulu yokunxila. Ijongeka intle, kodwa awubhalanga nto imbi. Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo ndatshintsha ishedyuli. Ndibhala ekuseni kuphela (ukuba ndibhala, kuba ndihlehlisa kakhulu), kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuthatha ikofu ubisi olunencasa. Ewe, ukuba kunjalo, emva kwemini ndafunda. Okanye hayi.
- AL: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo?
GA: Ngokuqinisekileyo. Andiyazi nokuba yeyakwesiphi isini unonkala othile, umzekelo, ekubeni nangona ininzi yeenoveli zesitalato kunye nezinye izinto ze-kinky kunye ne-bit of realism engcolileyo, nayo inefantasy eninzi, kuba umlingisi oyintloko (uCrab) uphinda aprinte i-mythology kwinyani yaseBilbao kwiminyaka engamashumi asithoba. intelekelelo yakhe, yaye ngaloo ndlela usibona isikolo njengenqaba yamaxesha aphakathi, okanye ubukho bakhe kwiipaki ezikhusela abakhe ngokungathi wayekwiRoma yamandulo yaye wayeligosa likaKesare. Mna gustan ezinye iinoveli zembali, njengoko Mna, Claudio, kwaye kwelo cala.
Ndiyayithanda kwakhona costumbrista gothic fantasy, Shirley Jackson roll. Ndikwathanda, njengoko kubonwe ngaphambili nguLe Carré, i uhlobo hlola, (Ndicebisa Imole). Incinci inoveli yemfazwe, kodwa umntu kufuneka ayifunde kube kanye Abaze ze nabafileyo, ukusuka kuMailer.
Ndandiyithanda kakhulu ngexesha elinye amabali abaphangi okanye ulwandleKwaye nam ndafunda kakhulu. sentshona (Ndincoma i-Oakley Hall kunye noMcCarthy). Umzekelo, kwinoveli yam yokugqibela, Izulu osithembise lona, ndazama ukuzisa uhlobo lwaseNtshona eSpeyin kwiminyaka yamashumi asibhozo, kwaye kwenye inoveli yangaphambili, ULeonardo, kwakukho phakathi ukungathembeki isibini namhlanje ibali pirate. Ngapha koko, ndiyathanda ukudlala ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo xa ndibhala. Yinto esiyenzela ukonwaba thina aba bangenzi mali kweli culo lesepha.
- AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?
AG: izinto ezininzi ngexesha elinye, kuba ndivula iincwadi ezininzi, ndifunda ngendlela ephambeneyo, emdaka, nesiphithiphithi. Ngoku ndifunda iliza elikhulu, nguAlbert Pijuan, IPennsylvania, nguJuan Aparicio Belmonte, Uze nomoya nawe, nguNatalia Garcia Freire, okunye ngumoya, nguJuan Gómez Bárcena kunye Esiseleni kwakukho ukhanyikhanyi, nguJulia Viejo.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba ngayo yonke le nto ndiyifundayo, kunye ne-promo unonkala othile, okwangoku andibhali nto. Ndikwinkqubo yokuvumela imibono ukuba izinze, kodwa ndidlala ngokubuyela kwintshona yanamhlanje, ngeli xesha ndisebenza nomzobo weRedneck kodwa eCastilla y León (zikhona), okanye ibali leentlola zemileurista, abahlobo, uthando kunye nomona crazy iqabane. Kuya kufuneka ubone.
- AL: Ucinga ukuba imeko yokupapasha injani kwaye uthathe isigqibo sokuba uzame ukupapasha?
GA: Ewe, xa ubhala ufuna ukufundwa. Ke wonke umntu obhalayo ufuna ukupapasha, akukho nto ingako ukuba bagqibe okanye hayi. Yiza, ufuna ukupapasha nokuba injani imeko yokushicilela. Ukongezelela, kuthiwa kuye kwahlala kusengxakini, kodwa indawo yokupapasha ayifanele ibe yinto yababhali, ndicinga ukuba, okanye ubuncinci bungagqithisi. Sonke isikhova esincinci siye kumnquma waso. Ukususela kwi-panorama yokushicilela ukuba abapapashi banenkxalabo, ababhali ukuba babhale.
- AL: Ngaba umzuzu wobunzima esijamelana nawo unzima kuwe okanye uya kuba nakho ukugcina into elungileyo kumabali exesha elizayo?
GA: Ngexesha lentlekele, indawo yokupapasha iyenzeka kancinci, akunjalo? Ukusukela ngo-2008 sisuka kwenye siye kwenye, kubonakala ngathi le ngxaki ibisoloko ikhona, yiza. Ndihlala nditsho njalo Umbhali ulingqina elincinane kwihlabathi. Akazelanga ukuyilungisa, kunoko ukuyijonga kwaye ayibalise kangangoko anako, ngoko kwiingxaki kuhlala kukho i-bait yokubhala. Kodwa kukho ukuchasana okuthile: ukubhala, ukungquzulana kunye nokungabikho ngokuqhelekileyo kuyinto enhle, kodwa xa sele iphelile kwaye umntu ebhala ekude, umntu sele enendlela yokubeka ukutya etafileni kunye nokufudumala iipinreles zakhe.