Ukufota: Consuelo López-Zuriaga. Iprofayile kaFacebook.
UConsuelo López-Zuriaga kwakunjalo kumjikelo wokugqibela weBhaso likaNadal lokugqibela kwinoveli Mhlawumbi ngokuwa, awayipapasha ekupheleni kuka-Epreli. Kule udliwano ndlebe Usixelela ngaye nangokufika kwakhe kutshanje kwilizwe lokupapasha. Ndiyabubulela kakhulu ububele bakho nexesha.
Consuelo López-Zuriaga. Udliwanondlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Mhlawumbi ngokuwa Yincwadi yakho yokuqala kwaye uye wagqibela kumvuzo wokugqibela weNadal. Usixelela ntoni ngayo kwaye uvela phi umbono?
ICONSUELO LÓPEZ-ZURIAGA: Mhlawumbi ekwindla Thetha malunga Ubu ethe-ethe bokuqheleka kokubonakala kobomi bethu. Ungatshintsha njani ubomi bemihla ngemihla, ngephanyazo, xa unxibelelana nokufa. Ibali lizama ukuthatha loo mzuzu xa imeko yesiqhelo iyekile ukubakho.
Ngokuphathelele kwisiqwenga, isixelela ngendlela ubomi be- UClaudia figueroa, igqwetha eliqaqambileyo elizinikele ekukhuseleni amalungelo oluntu, lithatha inguquko eguqukayo xa Mauricio, Iqabane lakho, kufunyaniswe ukuba une umhlaza ophambili. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu ukuya phambili, umlinganiswa ophambili kufuneka enze izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ezinokuchaphazela, kude kube ngoko, bubomi bakhe kunye namabhongo akhe. Ngaphandle kwemephu okanye ikhampasi yokujongana nentshabalalo yesi sifo kunye nokungaqondi ngokufa, uya kuqala indlela apho aza kuxoxa khona phakathi koloyiko lokuphulukana nendoda ayithandayo, ikhefu ngobomi bakhe bangaphambili kunye nokuqonda ukuba soze iphinde ifane.
Ngamafutshane, Mhlawumbi ngokuwa ubalisa a Inkqubo yotshintsho Indawo yakhe yokugqibela kukoyisa uloyiko lokuyeka ukuba yile nto sihlala siyiyo.
Umbono wenoveli une ngobomi kunye nezinye iimvelaphi zoncwadi. Eyokuqala, ivela kumava am kunye nomhlaza kunye nefuthe lokuchongwa kweqabane lam kubomi bethu. Malunga neyesibini, Icebo lale noveli kunye nelizwi elilandisayo lavela kumazwi ka UJoan Didion, nini en Unyaka woKucinga ngomlingoUthe: «Uhlala phantsi uzokutya isidlo sangokuhlwa kwaye ubomi obuqhele ukubazi buphelile ». Ukufunda i-Didion kundinike ithoni yenoveli. Ungumbhali onamandla amakhulu xela iinyani kakhulu idrama yobomi babo ngokuchanekileyo ngotyando, kude nexhoba kunye naluphi na uvakalelo. Ndifuna ukubeka ilizwi likaClaudia elilandisayo kwirejista, apho iimvakalelo zingaphambuki okanye zigqithise, kodwa zifikelela kumfundi egxininisa.
- AL: Ngaba uyayikhumbula incwadi yokuqala oyifundileyo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?
CLZ: Iincwadi zokuqala endizikhumbulayo ndizifunda ngo Enid Blyton. Izazi ezithathu zazisoloko zilayishwe ikopi yazo Abahlanu, Iimfihlo ezisixhenxe okanye kweso sikolo sokubhoda-ngaphambi kukaHarry Potter kodwa kunye neBritane kakhulu-eyayiyiyo Malory Towers. Los tinks, kunye nelaphu lomqolo, ukusuka kwingqokelela yomntakwethu kunye nokuzonwabisa kwe Asterix kunye no-Obelix Baye bandikhapha xa besitya amashwamshwam amaninzi nesonka setshokholethi.
Ndiyintombazana eyazisa kunye nomfundi kwaye, mhlawumbi ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukubhala ngokukhawuleza kwahluma ngohlobo lwe-piincwadana ezincinci kunye namabali. Amabali awayewagcina ezincwadini, ekhatshwa yimifanekiso kunye neekholeji, njengeentsalela zobomi obabuqala ukuphuma.
- KWI: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.
I-CLZ: Akunakwenzeka ukuyinciphisa ibe nye, baninzi ababhali abandikhuthazileyo kwaye endiye ndafumanisa ukuba "uhambo olukhulu lwenyaniso" olufundayo. Ndiyabathanda ababhali benoveli benkulungwane ye-XNUMX kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukubalasela ukubalisa UFlaubert, uStendhal, uTolstoy, uDostoyevsky, UDickens, Galdós okanye Clarín. Kodwa ndiyayithanda nembonakalo ebonakalayo yokuba amaMelika ayilahla kwinyani, Hemingway, Dospassos, Scott Fitzgerald, Cheever okanye uRichard Yates.
Andinako nokuzilibala ezo ababhali abanamava kwinoveli kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, ndibuze eyam projekthi yokubalisa njenge UFaulkner, uCortázar, uKafka okanye uJuan Rulfo. Kwaye kumaxesha akutshanje, ndiye ndanikwa uloyiko lobukrelekrele obulandelayo Lucia eBerlin kunye nokukwazi kwakhe ukuguqula i-squalor ibe ngamabali amnandi.
- AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?
I-CLZ: UGregory samsa, ophambili Ukuguqulwa kwemizimbaUbonakala kum ungumlinganiswa ongaqhelekanga obonisa iindlela ezininzi kwaye obonakalisa ukungabi sedwa kunye nentlungu esehlabathini, kunye nokudelela omnye, owahlukileyo, owasemzini.
Kwakhona UEmma bovary Yindalo ebalaseleyo ebhekisa ekuhlaselweni luthando lothando kunye netyhefu yeemvakalelo, eziba yinto engathandabuzekiyo yearchetype.
- AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?
CLZ: Ndineendlela ezimbalwa. Ndikhetha ukungazibeki kwimeko yam. Ndifuna nje i-sIlencio, ikofu kunye netafile ecacileyo. Ukubhala kufuneka ndizimamele, kubalulekile ukuba ndimamele abalinganiswa kwaye ndibonise umbono ukuze ibali likhuphuke kwiscreen selaptop.
- AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?
CLZ: Ndibhala ndithule. Ndifuna ukuzahlula ukubhala njalo, kuba ndihlala elizweni, ndifumene indawo efanelekileyo. Ukutshintsha kwezitrato zaseMadrid zehlathi kwandise amandla am okugxila. Kwakhona, xa ndibambekile, ndibiza amaqhekeza ndize ndiye kunyuka ehlathini. Nangona kunjalo, andicingi ukuba kufuneka ulinde "igumbi lakho", idesika yobukoloniyali okanye isifundo esinombono wolwandle. Xa ibali lihlala ngaphakathi kuwe, qhubela phambili ngokungxamisekileyo, ngaphandle kokuma nokuba uphi. Ndibhala kakuhle kwasekuseni xa ingxolo yemini ingekangeni entlokweni yam kwaye nembali ihamba ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Me encanta funda ulele esofeni okanye uyenze ebhedini, nangona ndaphinda ndafunda ebhasini, kwiMetro, koololiwe kunye neenqwelomoya, kumagumbi okulinda nakweyiphi na indawo, xa ibali liyandibamba kwaye ndiligqiba iphepha ngalinye lencwadi ndide ndifike esiphelweni. Phakathi kwezinto eziliwaka endiziphethe engxoweni yam kuhlala kukho incwadi.
- KWI: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo?
CLZ: Ndifundile assayo, imbali yobugcisa kwaye ndiyayithanda i- inoveli yembali. Ngaphandle kommandla wokubhala kuphela, ndiyayithanda i-botany kunye neencwadi zokupheka.
- KWI: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?
CLZ: Mva nje ndiyifundile trilogy emangalisayo ye URachel Cusk, Ukukhanya ngasemva, Uhambo y IGosa. Ndiyifumene engaqhelekanga indlela Ukungabikho kweyelenqe, lempembelelo yesiphumo, kude nokusikhokelela kwinto engenamsebenzi, kusikhokelela kwimoses yamaqhekeza ahlala kuyo yonke into kwaye enza inoveli uqobo. nam futhi ukuphinda ufunde a IMiguel Delibes, umbhali obalaseleyo ongaze adanise.
Ngokubhala, ndikwisigaba se- ndicwangcisa inoveli yam elandelayo. Ibali malunga namandla eemfihlo: abo bavelisa inkululeko kwaye, ezo, kungcono ukuba ungazivezi.
- KWI: Ucinga ukuba imeko yokupapasha injani kwaye ugqibe kwelokuba uzame ukuyipapasha?
I-CLZ: Ndisandula ukufika kwilizwe lokupapasha, ke ngekhe ndilinge ukwenza uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwemeko yangoku. Ukubonakala kwam kokuqala kukudideka. Ndibona imarike echumileyo, inemibhalo ebhaliweyo emininzi, akunakwenzeka ukuhambisa abapapashi abaqhelekileyo; kwelinye icala, ndiyaqonda ukuba a inkqubo yokuguqula, apho kuvela khona ezinye iindlela ezinomdla kakhulu kunye neefomathi, nalapho ukhuphiswano nezinye iindlela «zokuzonwabisa» zinoburhalarhume. Ngamafutshane, kukho Uxinzelelo phakathi kokuwa kunye nokuyila.
Isigqibo sam sokuzazisa ngokwam ukuze ndipapashe sinxulumene ne isigwebo ukuba yena Incwadi igqityiwe xa umfundi efikelela kwiphepha lokugqibela. Ndicinga ukuba umlingo woncwadi kolo hambo lujikelezayo phakathi kombhali nomfundi. Incwadana, u-Umberto Eco sele esitsho, «ngumatshini wokutolika ».
- KWI: Ngaba umzuzu wobunzima esijamelana nawo unzima kuwe okanye ungagcina into elungileyo kumabali exesha elizayo?
I-CLZ: Unyaka ophelileyo ubenzima kakhulu kwaye ulusizi kubantu abaninzi, kodwa mhlawumbi elona candelo liqinisekileyo kukuba ubhubhane ubonakalisile ubuqhokolo obubalulekileyo bobomi bethu kunye nokungenangqondo kokuzikhukhumeza okukhoyo. Siqaphele ngakumbi. Enye into ebalulekileyo yile ukwanda kokufunda. Abantu abaninzi bazithathile iincwadi bejonga kumaphepha abo ukubaleka, intuthuzelo, ukufunda ... Ngamafutshane, umlingo woncwadi.