Udliwanondlebe noSusana Rodríguez Lezaun, umlawuli wePamplona Negra

USusana Rodríguez Lezaun yintatheli nombhali. UMdali wetrilogy ye umhloli uDavid Vázquez, sayina nayo Imbumbulu enegama lam, inoveli yakhe yamva nje. Ngapha koko, ukusukela ngo-2018, kunjalo umlawuli womnyhadala wePamplona Negra, kufuneka kubathandi bohlobo.

Kule nto udliwano ndlebe, endikubulela ngokungazenzisiyo kububele kunyango lwakho kunye nexesha olichithileyo, isixelela okuncinane ngayo yonke into: ababhali kunye neencwadi, iiprojekthi, into ebalaseleyo kupapasho lwangoku kunye nemeko yentlalo, kunye nezinye izihloko ezinje ukulindeleka kokubhiyozela Ushicilelo olutsha lwePamplona Negra ngoJanuwari 2021.

UDLIWANO-NDLEBE NO-SUSANA RODRÍGUEZ LEZAUN

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Ngaba uyayikhumbula incwadi yokuqala owayifundayo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?

USUSANA RODRÍGUEZ LEZAUN: Kudala ndifunda ndingekafiki nesizathu. Abazali bam bandiphathela iincwadi zemifanekiso endizithandayo, kwaye umninawa kamama wam wathenga iincwadi ezihlekisayo ezimangalisayo. Ndiyayikhumbula loo nto incwadi yokuqala "yabantu abadala" endiyifundileyo ibiyi Impazamo katata.

Wayelaliswe esibhedlele ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ndaza ndamcela into yokufunda, kodwa ukuba akhumbule oko wayesele ekufundile, ebhekisa kwiincwadi zabantwana. Uye wehla waya kwivenkilana wabona enye enesihloko Umdlali. Kwakubonakala ngathi sisihloko esifanelekileyo kwaye wasibeka kum. Bendingaliqondi ncam ibali abalisa ngalo Dovstoieski, kodwa ndafumanisa amagama endingawaziyo nendandifuna ukuwaqonda. Ukusukela ngoko ukuya phambili ukufundwa kwam kutshintshe kakhulu, nangona bendiqhubeka IHollisters, isihlanu kunye nesaga yakudala kumashumi asixhenxe anamashumi asibhozo.

Malunga nokubhala, iphantse yafana. Ubhale amabali, izincoko kunye namabali amafutshane phantse yonke imihla. Indawo endikuyo yayizizikhuthazo zam, ke ndiyacinga ukuba abantakwethu abancinci babeza kudlala inkwenkwezi kuninzi lweziganeko.

• AL: Yeyiphi incwadi yokuqala eyakubetha kwaye ngoba?

I-SRL: Ndikhumbula ngokungathi bekuyizolo indlela endichukumiseke ngayo kukufunda Umoya wasempuma, umoya wasentshona, de Pearl S Buck. Fumanisa ezo zinto zokuqala zithinta inkcubeko yaseMpuma, uqonde ukuba into endicinga ukuba ndiyayazi ayinanto yakwenza nenyani, fumanisa ukuba yintoni amabhinqa kuzo zonke iinkcubeko anyanzelekile ukuba ayenze kuba bengabafazi ...

Ndicinga ukuba ndandimalunga neshumi elinanye xa ndifunda le ncwadi, ndandisesesikolweni, kwaye kwakumangalisa. Ndacebisa ukuba kufundwe iklasi, kodwa utitshala akazange acinge ukuba kufanelekile. Ndayiqonda ke leyo iincwadi yayingezizo ezolonwabo kunye nolonwabo kuphela, kodwa ikwanayo iwindow kwihlabathi.

Enye incwadi ebinempembelelo enkulu kum kwaye indenze ndazibuza ngezinto ezininzi Bulala i-nightingale, de Harper lee.

• AL: Umbhali oyintandokazi okanye umntu oye wabachaphazela ngokukodwa umsebenzi wakho? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.

I-SRL: Ndihlala ndibona ukuba ukubhala kwam kuye kwanefuthe ngakumbi okanye kancinci ngokuthe ngqo ngababhali abanjengo UPío Baroja okanye uGabriel García Márquez. Kwakhona UMiguel Hernandez ngobumnandi bakhe xa ethetha ngeemvakalelo. Emva kwexesha ndiye ndafumanisa iinoveli zolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nababhali ababaluleke kakhulu kum, kodwa ndicinga ukuba iimpembelelo zabo zihlala zingaphaya kwisitayile soncwadi kunakwindlela yokubhala, kwiprozi. Kwaye iminyaka emininzi, ababhali ababini endibafundileyo ngabona bonwabisayo URosa Montero kunye noAlmudena Grandes. Iincwadi zakhe, iprozi yakhe, ngumthendeleko kum.

• AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?

I-SRL: Ukwenza umlinganiswa okwaziyo ukuya ezantsi kwimbali kwaye phantse abe ngumntu wokwenyani kwingcinga edibeneyo liphupha lombhali ngamnye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ndingathanda ukuba "ngumama" womntu, yintombazana ehlekisayo endikhe ndayidla kubuntwana bayo: IMafalda.

• AL: Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ozithandayo xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?

I-SRL: Ukubhala iyafuneka cwaka nokuba wedwa. Incwadana yokubhala enesikripthi sebali, ikhompyuter yam, amakhadi anabalinganiswa nokunye okungakumbi. Andikwazi ukubhala kwindawo kawonke-wonke, nditsho kwithala leencwadi. Nangona kunjalo, xa ndifunda, ndingazntywilisela ebalini kwaye ndizikhuphe ngokupheleleyo naphi na: uloliwe, igumbi elinabantu abaninzi, ibhentshi epakini, inqwelomoya, igumbi lokulinda ... Amagama abhaliweyo anamandla okufumana yonke ingqalelo yam naphina apho ndikhoyo.

• AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?

I-SRL: Andizinikeli kuphela kuncwadi, Ndinomsebenzi womnye umntu, ke ixesha lokubhala leli Xa ndinako, kunye nendawo, ikona endinayo endlwini yam, nezinto zam, ikhompyuter yam, iipeni zam kunye neencwadana zokubhalela.

• AL: Uhlobo lwakho oluthandayo?

I-SRL: Inoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kodwa ndiyakhathazeka xa kufikwa kuncwadi. Ndiyayithanda i ebalisayo, iincwadi ze Uhambo, fumanisa okubhaliweyo kumazwe akude eAfrika naseAsia, kum okungaziwayo okukhulu; i Imibongo, iincwadi ze ifilimu nomculo...

• AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?

I-SRL: Ndifunde ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ngokuqinisekileyo phakathi kwexesha endibhala ngalo kwaye uyifunda ndiza kube sele ndifundile incwadi enye ubuncinci. Ngoku ndinaye Ukonakala kwenyama, de Ambrose Perry, isibizo esisezantsi apho apapasha khona umtshato omangalisayo wababhali baseBritane. Ndiyayithanda kakhulu. Okulandelayo kuya kuba Uxwebhu, de Isangqa seSaenz de la Maza, kwaye ke ingcebiso yokuba bandenzile bandilindele, Iphupha elide likaLaura Cohen, de UMercedes de Vega.

• AL: Ucinga ukuba imeko yokupapasha yenzelwe ababhali abaninzi ukuba bakho okanye ufuna ukupapasha?

SRL: Ndicinga ukuba kuhlala kunjalo: inzima. I-adventure ayibhali kwaye ayipapashi incwadi, kodwa yifikele kubafundi. Ukuhanjiswa kunye nokunyuselwa kunokuba yingxaki, kwaye oko kubenza nzima ababhali abalungileyo, abaneencwadi ezintle kodwa abangakwaziyo ukufikelela kuluntu ngokubanzi.

• AL: Ngaba umzuzu wobunzima esijamelana nawo unzima kuwe okanye uya kuba nakho ukuhlala nento elungileyo buqu kunye neenoveli ezizayo?

I-SRL: Ngokunyaniseka, yonke into endiyifunayo kulo bhubhane yile kwenzeka ntoni kwaye ube nakho ukulibala. Kubi ebantwini abaninzi, nakum. Kubuhlungu kakhulu ukubona izitalato ezingenanto, abantu bephepha omnye komnye, ubuso babo bugutyungelwe kukoyika.

Andifumananga nto intle phakathi kwezi nyanga, kwaye enyanisweni Andikwazi ukubhala imigca embalwa endiyicimileyo kamva. Ndifuna le ngxaki idlule, iphele ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuze sikwazi ukuthetha ngayo kwixa elidlulileyo kwaye sonke siphinde sibuyele esiqhelweni esiqhelekileyo.

• AL: Siza kuqhubeka nokonwabela iPamplona Negra, akunjalo?

I-SRL: Ndiyathemba njalo! Silungiselela inkqubo siqinisekile ukuba sizokwazi ukubhiyozela umnyhadala NgoJanuwari olandelayo, kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko ayimfuneko ngelo xesha, ewe. Sinezinye iindwendwe ezinomdla kakhulu, amagama amakhulu kunye nezinye izinto ezimangalisayo. Iya kuba luhlobo olukhulu, okanye ubuncinci senza konke okusemandleni ukwenza ukuba yenzeke, ke siyakugcina iminwe yethu iwele ukuba akukho nto iyonakalisayo.