URamon de la Cruz wazalelwa eMadrid ngoMatshi 28, 1731 kwaye ungummeli othembekileyo wexesha likaCarlos III kunye ne Umzekeliso esiphakathini. Kwaye, ngokukodwa, wayengumdali we uhlobo olutsha lwe-sainete, apho umfanekiso ocacileyo we Uluntu lwaseMadrid lwexesha layo. Sijonga umfanekiso kunye nomsebenzi wakhe.
URamon de la Cruz
Castizo osuka kwindawo ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiBarrio de las Letras, wabhaptizwa kwicawa yaseSan Sebastián yaye abazali bakhe babehlala kwisitrato iPrado, kufutshane neTeatro del Príncipe. Wayenomsebenzi omkhulu onje umguquleli wamahlaya, ngakumbi isiFrentshi. Ukwaguqulele kwaye wahlengahlengisa iiopera zaseTaliyane kwaye wayengumbhali we tonadillas kunye nezarzuelas.
Malunga noMzekeliso
Kukho iimbono eziphikisanayo zabanye abagxeki malunga nesimo sakhe sengqondo malunga noKhanya. Abanye bathetha ngantoni khange bafumane imvume okanye ubuhlobo babanye ababhali abanemifanekiso, umzekelo, uMoratín Sr., owayemgqala njengommeli weholo yemidlalo yeqonga edumileyo engenancasa encinane. Kwaye abanye bathi wazekeliswa ngendlela yakhe, nangona ekugqibeleni wazinikela kuphela kwiingcwele.
Kodwa kukho nabagxeki abafumene a ulwalamano Phakathi kwezo njongo zicetywayo ngabo banemifanekiso kunye nezo zikaRamón de la Cruz, ekubeni iingcwele zakhe, ngentetho efundisayo neyokuziphatha awabanika yona, yayiyeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza oku kugxekwa kobungendawo nezinye izithethe zenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo.
Ukongezelela, xa uRamón de la Cruz waqokelela yonke imisebenzi yakhe awayenayo phakathi kwabalandeli bakhe kwabanye ababhali abafanelekileyo abanjengo UGaspar Melchor de Jovellanos o Yiya kukude.
Iintlanzi
Bayinxalenye yaloo mgca udumileyo owaphumelela kakhulu ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Njengohlobo, kwaye ngokomgaqo, babethetha into efanayo ne-hors d'oeuvres, kwaye ukusuka kwabo baseRamón de la Cruz iiparamitha zabo zilandelwa. Ngokubanzi, banayo a iploti emfutshane, ngaphandle kweploti ebambeke kakhulu, ngencoko yababini phakathi kwabalinganiswa abanezinto ezihlekisayo zabakumgangatho ophantsi-ophakathi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, loo comedy ayisusi i ithoni evuselela ngakumbi okanye engaphantsi. Kwaye ixabiso layo lixhomekeke kwinto yokuba iluxwebhu lwenyani yezentlalo yelo xesha.
Iingcwele zaseRamón de la Cruz, ezabhala malunga nama-350, ubukhulu becala ziwela phakathi kwabo bachazwa njengabo. abagxeki okanye amasiko. Okuchazayo kunye nesakhiwo esincinci esicacileyo, abakhangeli kubalinganiswa kwaye bagxininise ngakumbi kubunyani balo mzuzu abathethayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuthatha ubunyani kwaye uyidlulisele kwiitafile.
Los abalinganiswa ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa kwakhona ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwinkoliso sainetes. Ngoko ke zi:
- Ifop okanye ifop: Lowo ubeka kunye nawo onke amasiko aseFransi, udidi oluphakathi, ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo kwaye uhlala ehlekisa.
- I-majo kunye ne-maja: Ngokuchasene neyangaphambili, imele isiko le-autochthonous kunye nemilinganiselo yendoda yokwenyani, ebizwa ngokuba yi-pimp, ikratshi kunye nekratshi.
- Wasebenzisa: umhlekazi wexesha.
- Ukuthandana komtshato: okanye laa ntliziyo ingakhathaliyo esoloko ejola namanenekazi.
- UAbbe: umzobo one-effeminate touch ebonakala engqongwe ngamanenekazi kwaye awonqenayo kwaye aphila nabanye.
- Iphepha: umakhi-mkhanyo wabanye abalinganiswa.
UManolo
Mhlawumbi oyena waziwa kakhulu kunye noyena ummeli we-parodic sainete, ekubeni ubuchule bakhe bubandakanya ukucenga abalinganiswa: UMalume Matute, umfazi wakhe, uManolo, uLa Primilgada, njl. Kwaye ibeka loo mahluko phakathi kwesimbo sokuthetha kunye nesimbo esithandwayo, kuba wonke umntu wenza iintetho esebenzisa amagama angcolileyo axutywe nesingqisho se-hendecasyllable.
Ikwathelekisa umzobo weqhawe kunye nomfanekiso wepimp kwi-protagonist yayo, uManolo, kwaye injongo yayo ephambili kukuba. bahlekisa ngembeko.
Ezinye iingcwele
URamón de la Cruz naye wabenza ukuba bathathwe kweyakhe impikiswano nabanye eboniswe njenge Yintoni utshaba lwakho o Imbongi ekruqulayo. Okanye ukusuka amanani, yaqulunqwa ukuze kuhlolwe ubugwenxa bexesha, njenge Isibhedlele okanye izidenge o Ivenkile yomtshakazi.