Phakathi kwamakhethini, nguCarmen Martín Gaite, yinoveli esusela kunyaka we-1958. Yapapashwa ngu Indawo yokuhlela kwaye ibonisa ubomi kumaphondo eSpeyin eyayiphoxekile ngexesha lasemva kwemfazwe. Ivunywa kunye newonga Imbasa kaNadal kwaye ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo yenye yezona noveli zibalaseleyo zeSpanish zenkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
Lufundo olubalulekileyo lwakudala, olucetyiswa kakhulu kulutsha olukwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Incwadi esecaleni kwebhedi yembali yoncwadi yamva nje. Kwaye wena, unayo? Ngaba uyayazi ingxabano yakhe? Masiye apho!
Phakathi kwamakhethini: incwadi kunye nombhali
Umxholo nobubhali
UCarmen Martín Gaite wayengumbhali ozinikeleyo weeleta zeSpanish. Ngowe-1988 wamkelwa kunye neqela INkosana yeAsturias Ibhaso loNcwadi. Wazalelwa eSalamanca ngo-1925 kwaye wabelana ngobomi bakhe nomnye umbhali obalaseleyo, uRafael Sánchez Ferlosio.
UMartín Gaite wayekwisizukulwana sama-50, oko kukuthi, abantwana bemfazwe okanye isizukulwana esithe cwaka ngokwedemografi. Uncwadi lwesi sizukulwana, kuquka le noveli, lulwazi kakhulu ngemfazwe yamakhaya kunye nexesha lasemva kwemfazwe. Akunjalo kuphela malunga nongquzulwano lwezixhobo okanye iziphumo zezopolitiko okanye zezoqoqosho. Olu hlobo lokubhala luthetha ngokusilela kwezinto eziphathekayo kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, ngokomoya yintoni efunekayo ukuze uphile kwixesha lasemva kwemfazwe, kunye nokukhathazeka ngokweemvakalelo imihla ngemihla emva kwemfazwe. Kukusekwa komntu kuluntu oluphila phantsi kolawulo lobuzwilakhe.
Uninzi lwababhali abangamalungu alo mbutho bakumgangatho ophakathi, babenamathuba oqeqesho kwezemfundo, ngelixa Banovakalelo oluthile lokubona ubunyani bentlalo ebangqongileyo. Kufuneka kongezwe ukuba nabo banengqiqo eyaneleyo yokubhala ngomgama othile kwaye bapapashe ngokudlula imida yovavanyo.
Phakathi kwamakhethini
Mhlawumbi ukuthetha ukuba yincwadi ekhoyo kukucinga kakhulu. Noko ke, kunokuthiwa oko Phakathi kwamakhethini Yincwadi ethetha ngobukho, malunga ne-tedium ehlala iza nayo., ngakumbi ukuba sikwidolophu yephondo enemvelaphi yasemva kwemfazwe. Ngoko ke, ukuphuma kuloo nyaniso kunye nokulindela kunqabile. Yongeziwe umoya wobutsha owenziwe nomxholo olungqonge olu lutsha, ubomi bunokuba lusizi, bungabi nambono nethemba.
Oku kufana nokwenzeka kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo, uPablo Klein adibana naye xa efika khona. Noko ke, umfundisi-ntsapho omtsha ophethe isifundo sesiJamani, unombono owahluke ngokupheleleyo. ubomi, njengoko kulula ukucinga. Nangona kuyimfuneko ukongeza ukuba le ndawo ayiyi kuba yinto engaphandle ngokupheleleyo kumfundisi-ntsapho, oye wakhulela apho waza wabuyela ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe njengomfundisi.
Ngemibono eyahlukeneyo (ubukhulu becala ngabasetyhini), iingxoxo ziqamba ubunyani obungenamsebenzi kunye nokungabikho kwethemba okutyumzayo. Utitshala ngokuqhelisela ukuqonda novelwano uya kuzama ukuba negalelo kwinto ethile yentelekelelo kunye nenkohliso, kunye nokuzalisa igumbi lokufundela ngokuzithemba.
Phakathi kwamakhethini: isishwankathelo
Ukungena kwinoveli
Phakathi kwamakhethini Yinoveli enxulumanisa izakhiwo zabalinganiswa bayo abohlukeneyo. Isenzo senzeka kwisixeko sephondo, kwaye oku kubalulekile ukuqonda umyalezo womsebenzi. Njengoko ixesha lifanelekile, Ngama-50s emva kwemfazwe yaseSpain ngaphakathi kwimeko ye-bourgeois. Ngokunjalo, akuchazwanga ukuba ibali lisekelwe phi, kodwa sinokuthetha ngeSalamanca, isixeko apho umbhali wayevela khona.
Ngamanye amazwi, abalinganiswa bahamba kwimeko yengcinezelo ebonakala kakhulu kwisini apho abalinganiswa abaphambili bahlala khona, abangabasetyhini. Imekobume yabasetyhini idyobha ibali ukubalisa imisebenzi kunye nezibophelelo ababenazo ngokubhekiselele kuluntu kunye nenkqubo yoosolusapho.. Ukuba umlinganiswa oyindoda obeka embindini wokuphumla uyaqhekeza, wongeza kuphela impixano kunye nokucinga kwakhona okukhoyo. Lo mlingiswa wesilisa nguPablo Klein, obuyela kwindawo akhulele kuyo.
UKlein uza kwesi siza ukuze afundise isiJamani kwaye ukwenza oko ngokumenywa ngumlawuli weziko. Xa uKlein ebonakala, ufumanisa ukuba le ndoda ifile kwaye iba ngumhlobo kunye nosapho lomlawuli, kunye nentombi yakhe u-Elvira. Unxulumano oluye lwenziwa ngalo mlinganiswa, njengakwikaNatalia, ngumxube ongaqhelekanga wokuncoma, ukuqonda kunye nothando, okanye uthando.
abalinganiswa kunye nobudlelwane
U-Elvira yintombi yomlawuli ongasekhoyo, engumfundi kunye nenkwenkwe athandana nayo angayigqaliyo ngolo hlobo. Kuba akafuni nyani ukutshata, okanye akhonze nayiphi na indoda. Unqwenela ukurhoxa kwimisebenzi yabasetyhini kwaye aqhubeke nokufunda kwakhe ukuze abe ligcisa, njengoko enqwenela ukuzihlalela. enkosi ipeyinti Uzimisele kancinci nguNatalia, naye ongumfundi kweli ziko. Aba bafazi babini basuka kwintsapho elungileyo, kodwa UNatalia unobunzima obungakumbi bokuzibonakalisa kwaye uphantsi kwayo kunye namanye amabhinqa aselula aphuma kusapho olulungileyo. Ukwangathanda ukuqhubeka nokufunda kwaye aqingqe ikamva elizimeleyo.
Ngenxalenye yakhe, uPablo nguprofesa osemncinci ofika evela kwisixeko esikhulu kwaye imbono yakhe ikhuthaza amabango abafundi bakhe. Qinisekisa uNatalia kwaye wenze ikhonkco lothando olukhulu no-Elvira. Imimoya ehlaziyiweyo kaPablo, ukuziphatha kwakhe kwengqondo kunye nempembelelo ibangela utshintsho kwisimo sengqondo sikaNatalia esiqina ngakumbi kwaye sigqibe kwaye sidala ku-Elvira ithemba lokuba nantoni na inokwenzeka, nakwinkosikazi efundiswe kakuhle. Ngeentetho zabo, iziganeko zemihla ngemihla kunye nobudlelwane abazenzayo, bobathathu bavula amehlo abo ebomini.
Pablo Klein kunye nesiphumo
Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto ilula kwaye isiphelo esikhulu asilindelekanga. Yinoveli ezolileyo apho UNatalia unethemba lokuba ngenye imini uya kukwazi ukuzikhulula kwizinto ezilindelwe ngabanye bamnxibile, ekubeni efuna ukuqhubeka nokufunda engalandeli nayiphi na indoda. Kwelakhe icala, U-Elvira uyathandabuza ukuba kufuneka ahambe noPablo, ekubeni ubudlelwane endizoba naye naye bebuya kwahluka endizakubanayo ne buen umtshato; eneneni, uElvira unomkhwenyana, uEmilio, angamjongi njengobudlelwane obusesikweni.
UPablo uya kwazi enye imbono yabasetyhini, ngamehlo kaRosa, umzobi we-cabaret ongummelwane wakhe kumhlalaphantsi apho ahlala khona. Kwaye emva kokuba uPablo ehlangabezana neziphazamiso ngenxa yobomi bakhe kwidolophu encinane, ugqiba ekubeni lixesha lokuhamba. Nangona kunjalo, akayeki ukubabongoza abafundi bakhe ukuba banganikezeli kwimigudu yabo yokufunda nokuqhubeka nendlela yabo.
Xa inoveli sele iza kugqiba, uPablo ufumanisa uNatalia kwisikhululo sikaloliwe, othi ndlela-ntle komnye woodade wabo oya eMadrid ukuba abe nesoka lakhe. Udadewabo, uJulia, uneembono ezahlukileyo kakhulu kwekaNatalia. Kweli nqanaba kwinoveli Ikwabonisa indlela obuxhomekeke ngayo ubudlelwane bomfazi kwindoda afuna ukuchitha ubomi bayo bonke., nangona ikhetha ukuziphatha kakubi naye. Umzekelo uNatalia, njengo-Elvira, angathanda ukuwulandela.