Njengamanzi eTshokholethi
Njengamanzi eTshokholethi Ngowona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wombhali waseMexico uLaura Esquivel. Emva kokupapashwa ngo-1989, yaba yinto yakudala kuncwadi lwamanye amazwe. Yincwadi yenoveli eneempawu ezibonakalayo zobugqi. Ngo-2001, iphephandaba El Mundo zibandakanya ingxelo "kuluhlu lweenoveli ezili-100 ezilungileyo kwiSpanish yenkulungwane yamashumi amabini."
Iploti isekwe kubomi bukaTita, umfazi ohlala phakathi kothando olungenakwenzeka kunye nokupheka, kwaye ngubani oza kuhamba nobunzima obuninzi ukuze athobele isiko losapho. Ndiyabulela kule mbali, u-Esquivel wayengumbhali wokuqala welinye ilizwe kwi uphumelele ibhaso elidumileyo le-ABBY, ukususela ngo-1994 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, lo msebenzi uthengise iikopi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezisixhenxe kwaye uguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-7.
Isishwankathelo se Njengamanzi eTshokholethi (1989)
UJosephite -Okanye uTita, njengoko wonke umntu emazi-- ungoyena mncinci koodade abathathu. Uyimveliso yomanyano phakathi kukaMaría Elena noJuan De la Garza. Okokoko wayesesibelekweni sikanina-uMama u-Elena-wayenokuvakala ukuba uyalila, nangomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe ngaphambi kwexesha ekhitshini lefama yosapho. Ngeentsuku ezimbini kuphela ubudala, UTita uyinkedama kuyise kwaye ukhulele ecaleni kompheki wendlu, uNacha.
Kwasebuncinaneni, indlela eyiyo apho ikhula khona ikwenza ubuthande ubugcisa bokupheka, ayifezekisayo phantsi kwemfundiso kaNacha. Ngexesha lokufikisa kwakhe, uTita uyamenywa kumbhiyozo; Pha Dibana noPedro, bobabini bayathandana ekuboneni kokuqala. Kungekudala emva koko-ekhuthazwa ziimvakalelo zakhe ezinzulu- lo mfana usiya kwifama yosapho i-De la Garza, ezimisele ukubuza uMamá Elena isandla sesithandwa sakhe.
Isicelo sikaPeter siyaliwa, njenge, ngokwesiko lelo xesha, UTita -Kuba yintombi encinci-- Kufuneka ahlale engatshatanga ukuze anakekele unina ebudaleni bakhe. Kwindlela yokuphikisa, uMamá Elena umnika ithuba lokutshata izibulo lakhe: uRosaura. Ngokungalindelekanga, umfana uyakwamkela ukuzibophelela, ngenjongo yokusondela kuthando lobomi bakhe.
Ngenye imini ngaphambi komtshato, uNacha uyasweleka. Ngokulandelanayo, UTita kufuneka abe ngumpheki omtsha. Umtshato uyenzeka kwaye uTita utshone ebuhlungwini obunzulu, ke kuyo yonke ipleyiti ayithumelayo sus kude kakhulu iimvakalelo.
Ukusuka apho kuthotho lweziganeko ezenzekayo eziya kuthi, nangona zininzi ekulindelwe, zibe nokujijisana kunye nokujika okuza kothusa umfundi ongaphezulu komnye onomdla. Umnqweno, iintlungu, impambano namasiko abethelelekileyo zexesha, zikhona ezinye zezinto eziza kuzisa eli bali ebomini isekelwe kuthando "olungavumelekanga".
Uhlalutyo Njengamanzi eTshokholethi (1989)
Ulwakhiwo
Njengamanzi eTshokholethi Yiyo inoveli epinki enokwenyani ephawulekileyo yomlingo. Akhawunti Amaphepha ayi-272 kwaye yahlulwe yaba Izahluko ezi-12. Isethwe kummandla waseMexico, ngakumbi kwisixeko sasePiedras Negras de Coahuila. Ibali liqala ngo-1893 kwaye ithatha iminyaka engama-41; Ngelo xesha Uhlaziyo lwaseMexico (1910-1917) imeko ebonakalisiweyo kumxholo webali.
Phakathi kwezinto ezikhethekileyo zomsebenzi, umbhali wayemele izahluko kunye neenyanga zonyaka kwaye nganye nganye wayeyiphethe ngegama lesitya saseMexico. Ekuqaleni kwecandelo ngalinye, izithako ziyavezwa, kwaye ngelixa ingxelo iqhubeka, iresiphi ichazwa ngokweenkcukacha. Incwadana inxulumene nomlandisi womntu wesithathu, ogama lakhe liza kutyhilwa ekupheleni koku.
Abalingiswa
UTita (uJosephite)
Ungumlinganiswa ophambili kunye ne-axis ephambili yenoveli, intombi encinci yosapho lakwaDe la Garza kunye Umpheki okhethekileyo. Uye waba nesiphelo esibuhlungu sokungakwazi ukuba nothando lobomi bakhe, nokuba bahlala kwikhaya elinye. Ukucinezelwa ngunina, uya kuzimela kolunye uthando, ukupheka. Ngendlela yomlingo, uya kudlulisa iimvakalelo zakhe ngeendlela zakhe ezintle.
Umama u-Elena (uMaria Elena de La Garza)
Nguye Unina kaRosaura, uGertrudis noTita. Ku malunga umfazi isimilo olungqongqo, ngegqudu kwaye engqongqo. Emva kokuba ngumhlolokazi, kufuneka abe yintloko yosapho kwaye kuya kufuneka anyamekele ifama nazo zonke iintombi zakhe.
UPedro Muzquiz
Uyinkwenkwezi-nye yenoveli; nangona kungenathemba ndithandana noTita, Ugqibe kwelokuba atshate noRosaura ukuze ahlale kufutshane nothando lwakhe. Kungakhathaliseki ixesha kunye neemeko, iimvakalelo zakhe ngoTita ziya kuhlala zihambelana.
nacha
Ungumpheki we-racho losapho lakwaDe la Garza, kwaye ngubani, ukongeza, odlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi bomntu ophambili.
URosaura
Uyintombi yokuqala yesibini saseDe la Garza, intombazana encinci yemigaqo namasiko, ngubani Kuya kufuneka atshate uPedro ngokomyalelo kanina.
Abanye abalinganiswa
Kulo lonke ibali abanye abalinganiswa bayasebenzisana ngubani oza kugqiba ukunika umnxeba othile kumxholo webali. Phakathi kwazo sinokuqaqambisa: UGertrude (Udade kaTita), IsiChencha (Isicakazana sikaTita nomhlobo) kunye Jhon (ugqirha wosapho).
Curiosities
Umbhali wayetshatele kumlawuli u-Alfonso Arau ukusukela ngo-1975 ukuya kowe-1995, ibiyi Umphathi yenza ukulungelelaniswa kwefilimu kwinoveli. ULaura ngokwakhe wayephethe ukubhala isicatshulwa sefilimu, ngokusebenzisana nomyeni wakhe. Ifilimu yayiyimpumelelo enkulu ukusukela okokuqala kwi-1992, kunye ne-100% yemveliso yaseMexico, enikezelwa ngeembasa ezili-10 zeAriel kunye neenguqulelo ezingaphezu kwama-30.
Ifilimu yahlala phakathi kweyona bhanyabhanya iphezulu yaseMexico kumashumi eminyaka. Utyunjelwe amabhaso abalulekileyo, anje ngala: Goya kunye neGolden Globe Awards ngo-1993. Kodwa ayisiyiyo yonke into ebinomtsalane: ngo-1995 umbhali wamangalela owayesakuba ngumyeni wakhe ngokutyikitya igatya (ngesiNgesi) kuxwebhu loqhawulo-mtshato. wancama amalungelo kwinoveli. Ekugqibeleni, umbhali waseMexico waphumelela ityala.
Olunye ulwazi ngobomi bomlobi uLaura Esquivel
Umbhali uLaura Beatriz Esquivel Valdés wazalwa eCuauhtémoc (eMexico), ngoMgqibelo wangoSeptemba 30, 1950. Uyintombi yesithathu yomtshato phakathi kukaJoseph Valdés kunye nomnxibelelanisi wonxibelelwano uJulio Esquivel. Ngo-1968 waphumelela isidanga kwiMfundo yaBantwana aBasaqalayokwakhona wafunda Itheyetha kunye nendalo yeDrama kudidi lwabantwana kwi-CADAC (kwisiXeko saseMexico).
Ikhondo lomsebenzi
Ukususela ngo-1977, waba ngutitshala kwiindibano zocweyo ezahlukeneyo Itheyetha, iingcebiso ngeskripthi kunye nelebhu yokubhala, kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo zaseMexico naseSpain. Kwiminyaka eli-10 (1970-1980) wabhala izikripthi ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zikamabonwakude zaseMexico zabantwana. Ngo-1985, wenza i-bt yakhe kwindawo yesinema ngokudala isicatshulwa sefilimu: UChido Guán, iTacos yeGolide.
Kwezopolitiko
Ukusukela ngo-2007 wangena kwezopolitiko; emva konyaka waba nguMlawuli Jikelele weNkcubeko eCoyoacán kude kube ngo-2011. Uyinxalenye yombutho weMorena (iNational Regeneration Movement), kunye eyonyulwa ngo-2015 njengosekela wesigqeba seCongress of the Union eMexico.
Uhlanga loncwadi
Ngo-1989, wazisa inoveli yakhe yokuqala, eyayinesihloko esithi Njengamanzi eTshokholethi. Ukulandela impumelelo yale ncwadi, umbhali uvelise amabali alithoba ongezelelweyo ukusuka ku-1995 ukuya ku-2017, ekubonakala oku kulandelayo: Ngokukhawuleza njengomnqweno (2001) Malinche (2005) Idayari kaTita (2016) y Ixesha lam elidlulileyo elimnyama (2017); ezi zimbini zokugqibela zigqiba i-trilogy Njengamanzi eTshokholethi.
Iincwadi zikaLaura Esquivel
- Njengamanzi eTshokholethi (1989)
- Njengamanzi eTshokholethi (1989)
- Idayari kaTita (2016)
- Ixesha lam elidlulileyo elimnyama (2017)
- Umthetho wothando (1995)
- Isondlo esimnandi (amabali) (1998)
- Inkwenkwezi yaselwandle (1999)
- Incwadi yeemvakalelo (2000)
- Ngokukhawuleza njengomnqweno (2001)
- IMalche (2006)
- ULupita wayekuthanda uku-ayina (2014)