UMiguel de Unamuno, umbhali wembali.
Ukuthetha ngeSpain kukwenza ukuba kubhekiswe ngokungathandabuzekiyo ekuzalweni koncwadi olulungileyo, kwaye ukuba sibhekisa kubaqambi bayo, uMiguel de Unamuno umi phakathi kwabo ngenxa yokufaneleka ngokubanzi. Lo mbhali waseBilbao ozalwe ngo-1864 waphawulwa ngenkwenkwezi yoonobumba nefilosofi, nzulu kakhulu, egazini lakhe.
U-Unamuno waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala kwiminyaka engama-31 emva kokuba ezelwe, nomsebenzi wakhe Uxolo emfazweni (1895). Abagxeki bamamkela ngokudumisa ubukhali bamazwi akhe kunye nokuqina kwentetho yakhe. Ngamandla afanayo awayebaleka ngawo oonobumba kwimithambo yakhe, ubizo lwezemfundo lwaphuphuma, kuba kukufundiswa kolwimi kunye nembali ukuthanda kwakhe.
Unamuno, phakathi kwezopolitiko, iimpikiswano kunye neeleta
UMiguel de Unamuno wayengaziwa kwimicimbi yezopolitiko yelizwe lakhe, Ubuntu bakhe babuthintela, kunye neenkolelo zakhe. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba wayelilungu leSpanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) iminyaka emithathu (1894-1897).
Ethekwini wachaza izimvo zakhe neengcinga zakhe, imigca echazwe kakuhle eyathi kamva yamxabisa ukugxothwa kwesikhundla sakhe njengomphathi, evalelwa entolongweni nasekugxothweni kwakhe emva koko. Konke oku, ekuqaleni, ukubonisa inkxaso yakhe kumanyano ngo-1914 (oku kwamxabela kwisikhundla sobuphathi) Ke, ngo-1920, umbhali wathetha phandle epapasha uKumkani Alfonso XIII (oku kwabangela ukuba abanjwe).
Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1924 u-Unamuno wagxothwa ngu-Primo de Rivera, uzwilakhe. Kuqala igunya yayikukuba umbhali athunyelwe kwiiCanary Islands, kodwa u-Unamuno waya eFrance. Oko yayikukuzimisela kunye nokubanakho kwamazwi omlobi kunye nokucinga ukuba urhulumente wayengabuthwali ubukho bakhe kwaye wazama ukumgxotha.
Quote nguMiguel de Unamuno.
Umsebenzi omkhulu nokuba sekunzima
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke into eyenzekileyo, u-Unamuno akayekanga ukudala kunye nokuvelisa. Ubuchule bakhe bokuyila, njengoLope de Vega, babungadinwa. Yima phakathi kwendalo yabo Inkungu (1914) Isibuko sokufa (1913) UTulio Montalban (1920) konke kufanelekile ukufunda ukuze ufunde.
Ukuzilolonga kwakungengowasemzini kuye, kukhanya phakathi kwezi Ubomi bukaDon Quixote noSancho (1905) kunye Ngokudlula kwimihlaba yasePortugal naseSpain (1911). Imibongo nayo yayimkholisa, kwaye kolu hlobo lokuma bayabonakala UTeresa. Iimvano zembongi engaziwayo (1924) kunye Iibhaladi zokugxotha (Ngo-1928). Uye wabhala i-theatre, ekubeni I-sphinx (1898) kunye Enye (1932) ezibhaliweyo ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Yiyo ke imisebenzi ka-Unamuno, ubomi bakhe uqobo, ilifa elisivumela ukuba siqinisekise ukuba ngumbhali wembali.