Inqaba ka-Olmedo

Inqaba ka-Olmedo ngumdlalo ophawula ngaphambi nasemva komdlalo weqonga waseCastilian. Ibhalwe nguLope de Vega phakathi kowe-1620 nowe-1625, ithathwa njengesiyobisi esibuhlungu. Okanye ubuncinci isiqwenga sokuqala apho zombini izinto zixutywe "kakuhle" ngumbhali.

nayo, isicatshulwa ngokucacileyo simisela iarchetype yabalinganiswa abaqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kumacandelo eSpanish Golden Age. Ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, ezi mpawu zabachasi kunye nabachasi bebali ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza-ngokwahluka okuthile-ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Umbhali

Ngaphandle kokuba wayeyimbongi ebalaseleyo, yenaUmsebenzi omangalisayo kaLope de Vega Carpio wamzuzela indawo yakhe kwimbali yoncwadi. Wazalelwa eMadrid ngoNovemba 25, 1562, kwaidolophu apho wasweleka khona kwiminyaka engama-72 kamva, nge-27 kaAgasti, 1653. Ekunye noTirso de Molina, wayenoxanduva lokunika intshisekelo yokuhlekisa, vogue ngexesha le-baroque yaseIberia.

Akazange ahambe engabonakali phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe, ngokuchaseneyo, wayehlala eyazi ukuba angabonwa njani kwimeko yexesha lakhe. Okwangoku, Wakha ubuhlobo obukhulu noFrancisco de Quevedo noJuan Luis de Alarcón. Nangona wayenokubambisana okukhulu kunye Miguel de Cervantes, kwagcinwa imbeko phakathi kwabo. Nangona kunjalo, wayengenakuphikiswa ngokungafaniyo noLuis de Góngora.

Ubomi obugcwele ii tang

Ubomi bakhe bubonakala ngathi ngumbhalo omangalisayo: imicimbi emininzi yothando, ogwetyelwe ukuhlala elubhacweni ixesha, umhlolo ... Ukuzonwabisa kukaLope de Vega kufanelekile kubalinganiswa bakhe abaninzi. Emva kobomi obugcwele amahla ndinyuka kunye nezinto ezininzi "eziphambeneyo", ekugqibeleni wakhetha ukuzimisela njengombingeleli.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuzibophelela kwakhe kuThixo akuzange kumthintele ekuqhubekeni nokuziphatha "okungathandabuzekiyo". Umzekelo: ukuthandana noMarta de Nevares, umfazi oneminyaka eyi-25 owayetshatile ukusukela nge13. Ewe, "ibali elisemthethweni" ligcina "imbeko" yokuqwalaselwa njengesithandwa sokugqibela sembongi.

Inqaba ka-Olmedo, Umsebenzi omncinci?

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Inqaba ka-Olmedo

ILope de Vega Khange abeke ukubaluleka koku kudalwa kwakhe. Akazange abone uhlobo oluprintiweyo (uhlelo lokuqala alunakuphuma de kube semva kokufa kwakhe). Ngapha koko, umbhalo-ngqangi wokuqala wawulahlekile okwethutyana, ngaphandle kokuba umbhali wemidlalo ekhathazekile ngawo.

Abagxeki bexesha lakhe nabo khange bamqwalasele ukuba ufanelekile ukuba aphawule. Inyaniso, Kude kube sekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, yayingumsebenzi omnye nje ngaphakathi kwikhathalogu enkulu yombhali waseMadrid. Kwakungekho kude kube li-1900s ukuba le mbono itshintshile. Umsebenzi ubangelwe kwinqanaba lokunyukela kudidi lwezinto ezibalulekileyo kwimbali yendalo yezobugcisa.

Inkcazo ye-tragicomedy

Njengoko sele siphawulile kwimigca ephezulu, de kufike Inqaba ka-Olmedo ingcinga yeqonga elibuhlungu alikho. Iidrama, -ezithi, kwiimeko ezininzi, zibe ziintlekele- okanye kwenziwe iziqhulo. Ke, ukuhleka amashwa yayiyimbono engalungiselelwanga ngababhali okanye uluntu.

Kanjalo, ILope de Vega ikwazile ukudibanisa zombini izinto ngempumelelo. Nangona ngokubanzi, ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwesiqwenga, nganye idlula ngokwahlukeneyo, ngaphandle kokuvelisa ngokwenene umxube. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uluntu lunokufumana isiqalo esingaphelelanga kwisiphelo somntu ophambili.

Umsebenzi oqikelelweyo?

Mhlawumbi esi sesona sizathu sokuba bobabini ukugxekwa kwe-Baroque- uluvo olukhoyo kude kube sekupheleni kobuRoma - kunye nombhali ngokwakhe Inqaba ka-Olmedo njengeqhekeza elincinci. Ukusuka kwimigca yokuqala kucacile ukuba ikamva kuphela lomlinganiswa ophambili kukufa.

Ukongeza, ukubaluleka okunikezelwe kwiziphelo ezimangalisayo ngaphakathi kwebali leSpanish Golden Age akunakuphepheka. Ngapha koko, lo mba wawuthathwa njengobuthathaka kubugcisa bokwenza. Kwaye, ngaphandle kweemonti zalo msebenzi (uhlala wonwabisa), Akukho mntu umangaliswe sisisombululo sokugqibela.

Iiarchetypes

Inqaba ka-Olmedo Ujikeleze abalinganiswa abathathu abachazwe ngokugqibeleleyo

• Umlinganiswa ophambili nguDon Alonso, ikratshi elidumileyo, ukhaliphile kwaye uthembekile; umzekelo wazo zonke iimpawu ezilindelweyo kumnumzana.
• IDoña Inés, ibandakanya umdla wothando. Inenekazi eliqhelekileyo, elithembekileyo nelihloniphayo kwigunya (elimelwe nguyise, uDon Rodrigo).
• UDon Rodrigo, uchasene nebali, akathembekanga kwaye unobuqhophololo.

Abalinganiswa besekondari

Isithathu sabalinganiswa abaphambili sikhatshwa ngabanye abalinganiswa, nabo baphendule kwii-archetypes ezivaliweyo. Phakathi kwabo: UTello, isicaka sikaDon Alonso, sisidwangube sembali. Ke ngoko, iingxoxo zakho kunye nezenzo zakho zinoxanduva lokufumana ukuhleka kubaphulaphuli.

Ecaleni kweharlequin kumi uFabia, umpimpi oququzelela ukuthandana. Nangona eminye imigca yakhe ihlekisa, imeko yakhe njengomthakathi iphela imguqula ibe ngumntu omnyama kunye nonozuko.

Kwicala lomchasi, UMendo, isicaka sikaDon Rodrigo, sisindululo seziphumo zokusebenza ecaleni komntu ombiukuya. Ukuya kuthi ga ngoku, ukuba unoxanduva ngokuthe ngqo lokudala ukufa komlinganiswa ophambili.

Ulwimi

Ngaphandle kweearchetypes ezichazwe apha ngasentla, Enye yezinto ezintsha ze Inqaba ka-Olmedo kukungabikho komehluko phakathi kwabalinganiswa. Ngamanye amagama, kulo msebenzi kaLope de Vega ipateni ebalaseleyo khange ilandelwe ngeli xesha lembali. Apho "izidwangube nabantu abaqhelekileyo" babemelwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo eyahlukileyo.

Eyona nto ithathe isigqibo yindima edlalwa ngomnye kunye nokuphuhliswa kwebali. Umahluko ophathekayo kuphela kwiindlela zokuthetha. Ngomsebenzi obhalwe ngokupheleleyo kwiindinyana zeesibhozo ezisibhozo kunye nesicengcelezo esihambelanayo, esi sibini sikhokelayo sihlala sisebenzisa amanani anje ngezafobe kunye neeanaphoras.

Abaqhuli

UTello noFabia, abameli "beeklasi ezisezantsi", bathetha ngokuthe tyaba kwaye kulula. Le ndlela yokuzibonakalisa iqhubela phambili igxininisa indima yabo njenge "buffoons" ngaphakathi kwebali. Ngale ndlela, uLope de Vega ubonakalise ukubaluleka kokuncamathela kulwimi olusulungekileyo Inqaba ka-Olmedo.

Umsebenzi wokuziphatha kakuhle?

Nokuba ngekhulu leshumi elinesixhenxe, Ubugcisa baseIberia babunyanzelekile ukuba buzalisekise umsebenzi othile wokuziphatha. Ngesi sizathu, uLope de Vega, ngaphaya kobomi bakhe buzele zizinto ezibambekayo kunye neempikiswano, akabaleki kweli bango. Inqaba ka-Olmedo Akukho ngaphandle, nangona ezinye bokuqonda

Ewe, le ntlekele ithatha ubomi be-protagonist (ngaphandle kokuyifanele), ke bona aboni benza ububi. Ngokufanayo, abo babhenela kumlingo ukuzama ukufezekisa iinjongo zabo bahlawula ixabiso eliphakame kakhulu ngokuba nesibindi.