Ngomfundi we-e-ncwadi Uhlobo Into efana nale yenzekileyo nge-iPods inokwenzeka: ngaphandle kokuba yeyona mveliso intle yeempawu zayo kwintengiso, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ibeka umsebenzisi kuthintelo olungenasizathu Ndingaphela ndiphumelela ngodli umhlaba. Nokuba kungenxa yomfanekiso ophawu lwentengiso okanye ngenxa yenyani elula yokuba ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo iphela ikhangeleka njengokuphela kokhetho. Ngapha koko, umntu unokucinga ukuba le nto sele yenzekile, ubuncinci eMelika.
Umfanekiso we UDavid wahluza.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho izizathu ezinamandla zokuyijonga loo nto mhlawumbi i-Kindle ayisiyo-e-book model ekufuneka i-hegemonic. Le migca ilandelayo yenzelwe ukubonisa ezinye zezizathu.
Inqaku elibuthathaka lohlobo lolo isebenzisa ifomathi yefayile ukugcina isicatshulwa seencwadi ezibiziweyo I-AZW ukuba akukho mntu waziyo ukuba isebenza njani, yiAmazon kuphela. Eyona nyani malunga. Ayisiyiyo kuphela kuba ihamba ngokusondeleyo nento ebiziweyo Ulawulo lwamalungelo edijithali, loo miyalelo ikhompyuter inokuthi isigqibo sokuba umpapashi wencwadi athathe isigqibo sokuba ayikuvumeli ukuba wenze izinto onokuthi, ngencwadi enamaphepha, uzenze. Ayisiyiyo kuphela ingxaki. Ingxaki esisiseko kukuba iAmazon inokwenza le nto iyifunayo ngale fomathi. Ungathatha ulwandlalo olutsha lwale fomathi ukuze abafundi abatsha baqonde ii-AZWs ngokwahlukileyo, ke kuya kufuneka uthenge umfundi omtsha kuqala ukuze ufunde izihloko ezitsha, kwaye okwesibini kungafika ixesha apho umfundi wakho engakwaziyo ukuziqonda iincwadi zokuqala ze-AZW oyithengileyo, ke ngekhe uphinde ube nakho ukufikelela kumxholo wayo kwakhona.
Kukho indlela yokusombulula le nto, kwaye kulula: kwiAmazon ukupapasha indlela esebenza ngayo iAZW ukuze ukuba, kwixesha elizayo, Kindle ayeke ukwazi ukuba angalujonga njani uhlobo lokuqala lweefayile ze-AZW, umntu ofuna fikelela kumxholo wayo, Kwimeko embi kakhulu, ungasoloko ucele umdwelisi weenkqubo zesoftware ukuba afumane izisombululo kule ngxaki, ngokusekwe kulwazi olupapashwe yiAmazon. Nangona kunjalo, iAmazon ayenzanga into enjalo, kwaye ayizimisele ukwenza njalo: Ukuba ucacisa kwihlabathi ukuba ugcino lwakho lusebenza njani, umhlaba uya kuyazi indlela asebenza ngayo amalungelo olawulo lwedijithali kwaye nabani na angadlula kuthintelo olubeka kubafundi. Ezi zithintelo zinokuthetha ukuba (ngokuthetha ngokubanzi, ayisiyiyo Kindle ngokuthe ngqo) ukuthintela umsebenzisi ekukhupheleni incwadi kumhlobo, ukuyiprinta, okanye ukuyiguqulela kwenye ifomathi ukuze ifundwe (nangasiphi na isizathu) kwisixhobo esahlukileyo. , kwaye nangokunjalo. Nokuba uthintele ngokupheleleyo ukufikelela kwisicatshulwa ukuba sele kuyiveki, iintsuku ezilishumi elinesihlanu okanye inyanga ukusukela oko yaqala ukuvulwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Ngale ndlela, umdwelisi weenkqubo URichard Stallman, umqalisi we software free, wabhala ngo-1996 ngokufutshane wedstopia, Ilungelo lokufunda, apho abanye abafundi bazifumana bekwingxaki yokuziphatha: kufuneka bathathe isigqibo sokuba bayabanceda na abo bafunda nabo ngokubanika ukufikelela kulwazi oluluncedo kwizifundo zabo (ngengozi yokohlwaywa ngokwaphula imithetho yelungelo lokushicilela) okanye ukhethe ukuthobela umthetho oxineneyo. Esinye seziqendu sifundeka ngolu hlobo:
Kwakukho iindlela ezijikeleze ulawulo lwe-SPA [iGunya loKhuselo lweSoftware] kunye neofisi ephambili yokunika amaphepha-mvume, kodwa zazingekho semthethweni. UDan wayenomlingane afunda naye kwiklasi yakhe yokwenza iinkqubo, uFrank Martucci, owafumana isisombululo esichasene nomthetho, kwaye wayisebenzisa ukudlula kulawulo lweencwadi. Kodwa waxelela abahlobo abaninzi, kwaye omnye wabo wamxela kwi-SPA ngokutshintshela umvuzo (kwakulula ukulingwa, ukungcatsha abahlobo bakhe, abafundi abanamatyala amakhulu). Ngo-2047 uFrank wayesentolongweni; kodwa hayi ngokukhahlela, kodwa ngokuba nesiphene.
La magama anokuvakala ebaxekile kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ayinxalenye yebali eliyintsomi. Kodwa ukusuka kwibali, Ngokusebenzisa isibaxo, ijolise ekwenzeni umfundi abone ubungozi beemodeli ezivaliweyo njengohlobo. Kwaye, inyani ayikude lee kwinto exeliweyo Ilungelo lokufunda.
Oku kulandelayo kwenzeke kwiveki ephelileyo. Kwikhathalogu yeencwadi ze-elektroniki ezazenziwe ukuba zifumaneke kubasebenzisi bohlobo lwazo, phakathi kwabanye abaninzi, 1984 y Uvukelo efama NguGeorge Orwell. Ngexesha elithile, inkampani yaqonda ukuba ayinalo ilungelo elifanelekileyo lokuyithengisa, ke yabasusa kuluhlu lweencwadi ezikhoyo. Kanye ngalo mzuzu, abantu ababezithengile ezo ncwadi babone indlela ezinyamalale ngayo nakwiindidi zabo.
Inokwenzeka njani loo nto? Isizathu silula, ubuncinci ngokwembono yomthetho. Intatheli uJuan Varela uyichaza ngolu hlobo: «Iincwadi zedijithali aziyoyakho. Ucinga ukuba zezakho, ukuba ungabanini ngokufunda kunye ne-PVP. Hayi. Abapapashi kunye neevenkile zeencwadi zedijithali bayaziqeshisa. "
Leyo yingxaki yesibini enkulu kwimodeli yohlobo, yona iincwadi, xa sele zithengiwe, ayizizo ezomthengi, kodwa zinelayisensi ngabapapashi kwaye, ewe, bayamisa imigaqo njengoko babona kufanelekile, begcina amalungelo abonakala kufanelekile kwaye banika umthengi amalungelo ambalwa kakhulu. Ukuthobela imigaqo-nkqubo enezithintelo ezininzi, akukho mathandabuzo, inkqubo yolawulo iyafuneka, apho iAmazon kufuneka yazi ukuba uyisebenzisa njani isixhobo sayo (esingasiyiyo eyakho ngokupheleleyo: ingaphezulu kwayo yonke) kwaye ikusayine uyavuma ubundlongondlongo obunjalo ngokwemiqathango kunye neemeko zenkonzo Ngendlela, xa sithetha nge-dystopias: yonke le nto yenzeke ngencwadi efana nale 1984 iseyimpoxo ehlekisayo.
Ngokufanelekileyo, kunjalo, thatha ithuba iinzuzo zokuba neencwadi ezikwifomathi yekhompyutha ngaphandle kokuchitha iinzame, njengoko iAmazon ibisenza njalo, ekukhuthazeni ngokungalunganga ukungalunganga kunye nokungakhathali bayonakalisa, ngapha koko, bonke abo banomdla kwinto yokuba iincwadi ziyabhalwa, zisasazwe kwaye zifundwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Izixhumanisi
- Uhlobo lweSwindle
- Ixesha elizayo lokufunda (umdlalo kwizinto ezintandathu)
Iingxelo
- IAmazon isusa ngokungalindelekanga iincwadi ezimbini zohlobo, zombini ngo-Orwell
- IAmazon irhoxisa iincwadi ezimbini kubathengi bayo ngohlobo
- IAmazon isusa imisebenzi emibini yeOrwell kwiiNdawo zabaThengi
- Amazon Kindle
- Ilungelo lokufunda
- Ulawulo lweMigangatho yamaLungelo
- Sisonke singaphelisa ukufakela iifayile kwifomathi yeLizwi.
- Uhlobo
- Iincwadi azizizo ezakho
- Ixesha elizayo lokuFunda (Ukudlala kwiZenzo eziNtandathu)
Uhlobo ayisiyiyo loo nto ithintelayo. Ifunda ezinye iifomathi, ezinje nge-MOBI kwaye kukho inkqubo engaphezulu kwesinye eguqula phantse nayiphi na ifomathi ibe yi-MOBI, enje ngeCaliber. Ndine Kindle 3 kwaye endikushiyeleyo kukufunda.