Ukutyhila ileta evela kuGeorge Orwell echaza isizathu somsebenzi wakhe "ngo-1984"

Kuyaziwa kubo bonke ukuba ngaphambili, ababhali ukongeza ekubhaleni imisebenzi yabo yoncwadi babethanda kakhulu ukubhala iidayari ezincinci, izichazi kunye neeleta bengachazi nje kuphela imeko ababehlala kuyo ngelo xesha kodwa bechaza nokuba kutheni babhala umsebenzi omnye okanye omnye. Umzekelo wecala le- George Orwell. Malunga neminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, umthamo weeleta ezihlelwe ngu UPeter davison. Ezi leta zazivela kumbhali wencwadi ethi "1984" kwaye kuzo zonke zazibaluleke kakhulu: i ityhila ileta evela kuGeorge Orwell echaza isizathu somsebenzi wakhe "1984", edumileyo.

En Actualidad Literatura Sinewonga lokukunika yona. Kwiminyaka emithathu emva kwale leta, UGeorge Orwell uza kubhala inoveli yakhe "1984"

Ndimele nditsho ukuba ndiyakholelwa ukuba uloyiko kwihlabathi liphela luyanda. UHitler ngokungathandabuzekiyo uyakunyamalala kungekudala, kodwa kuphela ngexabiso lokuqinisa uStalin, oosozigidi base-Anglo-America, kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zabalobi abancinci baseGaulle. Zonke iintshukumo zesizwe kwihlabathi liphela, nkqu nezo zisuka ekuchaseni kulawulo lwamaJamani, kubonakala ngathi zithatha iindlela ezingezizo ezedemokhrasi, ukudibana nabantu abaphezulu kunabantu (uHitler, uStalin, uSalazar, uFranco, uGandhi, uDe Valera yimizekelo eyahlukeneyo) ithiyori yokuba isiphelo siyazithethelela iindlela. Kuyo yonke indawo intshukumo yehlabathi ikhangeleka ngathi ijolise kuqoqosho olusembindini olunokwenza "umsebenzi" ngengqondo yezoqoqosho, kodwa lungacwangciswanga ngokwentando yesininzi kwaye luthande ukuseka inkqubo yodidi. Oku kushiya izinto ezoyikisayo zobuzwe obunomdla kunye notyekelo lokungakholelwa kubukho benyani yenyani, zonke iinyani kufuneka zihambelane namagama kunye neziprofetho zomntu othile ongenakuphikiswa. Imbali sele inengqiqo enye: iyekile ukubakho, oko kukuthi. Akukho nto injengembali yexesha lethu enokwamkelwa kwilizwe liphela, kwaye iinzululwazi ezichanekileyo zisengozini, kwakamsinya nje ukuba isidingo somkhosi siyeke ukugcina abantu befika kumanqaku. UHitler angatsho ukuba amaJuda aqala imfazwe, kwaye ukuba uyasinda, eli iya kuba libali elisemthethweni. Awunakutsho ukuba isibini esidityaniswe nesibini sisihlanu, ngenxa yeempembelelo, yithi, ukubalwa kwezinto ekufuneka zenziwe zine. Kodwa ewe, uhlobo lwehlabathi endiloyikayo luza kufika, ilizwe elinamazwe amabini okanye amathathu amakhulu angakwaziyo ukoyisa omnye nomnye, amabini ngambini anokuba sisihlanu ukuba uMlawuli ufuna. Oko, ngokokubona kwam, sisalathiso apho sihamba khona, nangona, kunjalo, inkqubo ibuya umva.

Ngokubhekiselele ekukhuselekeni kwe-Great Britain kunye ne-US Yintoni enokuyithetha ngabadlali be-pacifists, asinakho ukuzimela ngoku kwaye oku kuyimpawu enethemba kakhulu. Ndiyakholelwa nzulu, njengoko bendichazile kwincwadi yam ethi Ingonyama kunye neNyoni, esiNgesi nakwisakhono sabo sokubeka uqoqosho lwabo engozini ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa inkululeko yokwenza njalo. Kodwa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba i-Bhritane kunye ne-US khange bakungcamle ukoyiswa, ukuba abazi ukubandezeleka okukhulu, kwaye zikhona ezinye iimpawu ezimbi zokulinganisa ezilungileyo. Ukuqala, kukho ukungakhathali ngokubanzi malunga nokwehla kwedemokhrasi. Ngaba uyaqonda, umzekelo, ukuba akukho mntu eNgilani ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-26 ngoku onevoti kwaye ngokokude umntu abone inyambalala yabantu belo xesha abayiniki gwenxa le nto? Okwesibini yinyani yokuba ubukrelekrele bunoxinzelelo ngakumbi ngokwembono kunabantu abaqhelekileyo. Iingqondi zesiNgesi ngokubanzi zamchasa uHitler, kodwa ngexabiso lokwamkela uStalin. Uninzi lwazo zilungele ngokugqibeleleyo iindlela zobuzwilakhe, amapolisa afihlakeleyo, inkqubo yentsomi eyimbali, njl njl, okoko nje beziva ngathi ikwicala "lethu". Ngapha koko isibhengezo sokuba asinayo intshukumo ye-fascist eNgilane kuthetha ubukhulu becala ukuba abantu abancinci, ngeli xesha, bajonge i-führer yabo kwenye indawo. Umntu akanakuqiniseka ukuba ayizukutshintsha le nto, kwaye akanakungaqiniseka ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo bayakucinga ngayo kule minyaka ili-10 izayo, njengoko kunjalo ngoku iingqondi ngoku. Andiyathemba, ndisathemba ukuba abayi kuyenza, kodwa iya kuba yindleko yomlo. Ukuba umntu ubhengeza nje ukuba yonke into ilunge kakhulu kwaye engakhombisi kwiimpawu ezimbi, unceda nje ukusondeza ubuzwilakhe kufutshane.

Ubuye abuze ukuba ndicinga ukuba imeko yehlabathi ijonge kufascism, kutheni ndiyixhasa imfazwe? Lukhetho lobubi. Ndiyazi ngokwaneleyo malunga ne-impiriyalizim yaseBritane ukuba ndingayithandi, kodwa ndingathanda ukuyixhasa ngokuchasene neNazism okanye i-impiriyalizim yaseJapan, njengobungendawo obuncinci. Ngendlela efanayo ndingayixhasa i-USSR ngokuchasene neJamani kuba ndiyakholelwa ukuba i-USSR ayinakukubaleka ngokupheleleyo oko kudlulileyo kwaye igcine ngokwaneleyo izimvo zoqobo zeNguquko ukuyenza ibe yinto ethembisayo ngakumbi kuneJamani yamaJamani. Ndiyakholelwa, kwaye ndicinge ukusukela oko yaqala imfazwe, ngo-1936, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, ukuba eyona nto ilungileyo yeyethu, kodwa kufuneka silandele eyona ilungileyo, oko kuthetha ukugxekwa okungapheliyo.

Ngokuthobeka,
Geo. Orwell

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, "1984" yenye yezona klasiki zibalaseleyo enokufundwa, iklasikhi yengcebiso iyonke kunye nencasa yam, eyona ilungileyo uGeorge Orwell ayibhalileyo. Ukwazi oku, esazi amanqaku awawenzayo kwiminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kokuba apapashe lo msebenzi, kungoku xa siqonda isizathu sempikiswano yakhe.

Isishwankathelo esisemthethweni sencwadi «1984»

Ingcaciso ephazamisayo yexesha elizayo esekwe kugxeko lwengcinezelo kunye nengcinezelo yamandla, eyabekwa ngo-1984 kuluntu lwesiNgesi olulawulwa yinkqubo ye "bureaucratic collectivism" elawulwa ngu-Big Brother. ILondon, ngo-1984: UWinston Smith uthatha isigqibo sokuvukela urhulumente wobuzwilakhe olawula yonke intshukumo yabemi bakhe kwaye ohlwaye kwanabo benza ulwaphulo-mthetho ngeengcinga zabo. Ukwazi iziphumo ezibi ezinokuziswa kukungavisisani, uWinston ujoyine uMzalwana ongaqondakaliyo ngenkokeli u-O'Brien. Ngokuthe ngcembe, nangona kunjalo, umlinganiswa wethu ophambili uyaqonda ukuba i-Brotherhood okanye i-O'Brien ayisiyiyo le nto babonakala beyiyo, kwaye imvukelo leyo, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, inokuba yinjongo engenakufikeleleka. Kuhlalutyo lwayo oluhle lwamandla kunye nobudlelwane kunye nokuxhomekeka koku okudala ebantwini, i-1984 yenye yeenoveli eziphazamisayo nezinomdla kule nkulungwane.

Ngaba akunjalo ngoku xa uziva ufuna ukuyifunda kwakhona le ncwadi? Ukuba awuyifundanga, uyalithanda ilizwe lezopolitiko kwaye ufuna ukufunda iklasikhi elungileyo, Esi sisindululo sam namhlanje. Yonwabele!