Njengoko usazi, kwaye ukuba asikucaciseli ngoku, Zintathu iindidi eziphambili zoncwadi.: amabali, iingoma kunye nedrama. Kwinye yazo kukho iisubgenres zoncwadi ekufuneka zaziwe njengoko zibandakanya phantse yonke imisebenzi ephuma emarikeni (okanye ebhaliweyo).
Ukuba awuzange ucace malunga nolu lwahlulo kwaye ufuna ukuyilungisa, ke siza kukunika izitshixo ukuze wazi ukuba zeziphi iisubgenres eziphuma kuzo kwaye nganye imalunga nantoni.
Zithini iintlobo zoncwadi
Phambi kokuba uthethe nawe malunga neesubgenres zoncwadi, kubalulekile ukuba wazi zeziphi iindidi zoncwadi kwabo baphumayo ukusukela ngaloo ndlela uya kuba nako ukuyiqonda ngcono intsingiselo yabo.
Los iintlobo zoncwadi ngokwenene ngamaqela adalwe ukucalula icandelo lopapasho. Ngoko ke, sifumana:
- Ibali: ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yi-epic. Ibonakaliswe kuba ibaliswa ngumbhali.
- Lyric: kule meko lowo uyila isicatshulwa uya kuhlala eyimbongi.
- Drama: Nangona ungalazi igama layo, kulapho iqonga lingena khona kuba libonakala ngokuba liqela labantu.
Kwaye zithini iisubgenres zoncwadi
Ngoku ewe, siza kugxila kwiisubgenres zoncwadi. Ziphuma kuhlobo ngalunye loncwadi, kwaye akukho nani lichanekileyo kuzo zonke kodwa zisekelwe kwiimpawu zezo ntlobo.
Ngoko ke, sifumana:
- Ibali. Iisubsubgens zayo zezi: i-epic, umbongo we-epic, imibongo ye-epic, iinoveli, ibali, intsomi, intsomi.
- Lyric. Iisubgenres zoncwadi zezi: ode, elegy, egogla, satire, epistle, iingoma zeKrisimesi, iingoma zothando.
- Drama (okanye ithiyetha). Apho sifumana khona: intlekele, i-comedy, idrama okanye i-tragicomedy, i-autosacramental, i-entremés, i-paso kunye ne-sainete; vaudeville, opera kunye nezarzuela okanye i-operetta.
Okulandelayo siza kuphuhlisa nganye kuzo ukuze uqonde intsingiselo nganye kuzo.
iisubgens ezibalisayo
ephawulwa ngokuba Umlinganiswa okanye umbalisi osixelela ibali, besixelela ngabalinganiswa, iimeko kunye nezenzo abadlula kuzo. Yenye yezona zibalulekileyo kwaye, ke ngoko, yahlulwe yangamaqela amancinci amabini. Ziisubgenres, kodwa zikwanalo necandelo elitsha.
Kwelinye icala, kukho amabali kwivesi, apho sifumana oku kulandelayo:
- Uluhlu. Ugxininise ekubaliseni izenzo zobugorha zomlinganiswa obalulekileyo ukuze abhale into ayenzileyo kwaye adumise umzobo wakhe.
- umbongo oyindumasi. Kule meko ulwandiso lukhulu kakhulu. Zibhalwe kwivesi kwaye zibalisa ibali leqhawe.
- Iingoma zezenzo. Yimibongo eneneni eyaculwa okanye yacengcelezwa, kuphela iye yabhalwa phantsi. Kuzo, iinyani zamagorha zazibaliswa, njengoloyiso, ukuxhaphaza, njl.
Kwelinye icala kuya kubakho amabali eprozi, Baphi:
- Inoveli. Le noveli yingxelo ebanzi apho kukho isiqalo, isiqu kunye nesiphelo. Ibalisa ibali labalinganiswa abathile ngengcaciso, iimvakalelo, imbali kunye nencoko.
- Ibali. Ngokwenene libali elifutshane eligxile kubantwana abancinci. Kodwa zisenokuba zezabantu abadala. Ezi zikholisa ukugxila kwisenzo okanye imeko ethile.
- Intsomi. Sithetha ngebali elichukumisayo okanye elinamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yabalinganiswa okanye ngenxa yebali ngokwalo.
- Intsomi. Ikwalibali kodwa, ngokungafaniyo nangaphambili, kule meko kukho isimilo, into esifuna ukuyifunda kubalinganiswa okanye kwibali eliye lafundwa.
Iisubgenres zelyric
Njengoko besinixelele ngaphambili, Udidi lweengoma lubandakanya ulwimi lwesihobe. Ngokwesiqhelo eqhele ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo, kokubini okulungileyo nokubi, njengesixhobo sokuba ukulwa ucalucalulo, for lungisa iingcinga, njl. Konke oku kusetyenziswa ulwimi ngendlela ye-sonorous kunye ne-aesthetic Oko kutsala ingqalelo.
Ngoku, i-lyric ayikwazi ukudideka kunye nokuba yintoni imbongo, kuba i-lyric ayihlanganisi kuphela iindinyana kunye nemibongo, kodwa kunye ne-poetic prose.
Kwaye zeziphi subgenres esinazo? Kulungile:
- Igumbi. I-ode eneneni luqulunqo olubhalwe kwivesi. Idla ngokuba nde, kodwa nangona kunjalo isasazwa ngeevesi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isetyenziselwa ukudumisa umntu okanye ukubalisa kakuhle isiganeko okanye imeko.
- I-Elegy. I-elegy sisicatshulwa apho ibali elibuhlungu lomntu libaliswa, phantse lihlala lilawulwa kukufa okanye intlekele eyenzekileyo.
- Ukungena. Eli gama mhlawumbi okokuqala uliva. Kwaye kukuba ayaziwa kakuhle, kodwa ijongene nemixholo yothando, yothando, kunye nabalinganiswa abafanelekileyo. Yimibongo emide.
- Ukulinganisa. Ngokuqhula kufuneka siqonde isicatshulwa esihlekisayo, esihlekisayo, esisetyenziselwa ukubalisa ngendlela ebabayo ngelixa sigxeka. Ke ngoko, iluncedo kubantu kunye nakuluntu, amaqela...
- Ileta. Kule meko indlela yokubhala incwadi yeyokuba yileta kwaye injongo yayo yi-didactic. Kodwa hayi ngenxa yoko sinokuthi iyadika.
Ukongeza koku, sinokubandakanya iingoma zeKrisimesi apha (ukuba uyawafunda amazwi engoma kwaye ungawaculi, uya kubuqonda ubunyani bawo kumabinzana) kunye neengoma zothando.
Iisubgenres zedrama (okanye ithiyetha)
Kwimeko yethiyetha, oku Kubonakaliswa yinyaniso yokuba iingxoxo zabalinganiswa zibaluleke ngakumbi kunokuchazwa kweemeko okanye iimvakalelo zomlinganiswa ngamnye. Ngoko ke, zizicatshulwa ezithi zenziwa ngenjongo yokumela.
Phakathi kwesubgenres zoncwadi zeli qela sinazo:
- Intlungu. Sithetha ngesicatshulwa apho ibali elibuhlungu libaliswa, ngamanye amaxesha libe nesiphelo esibuhlungu ngokulinganayo okanye esibuhlungu.
- Uhlobo. Kule meko ichasene nale yangaphambili. Apha into efunwayo kukuhleka ukuze abalinganiswa babonakale kwiimeko ezihlekisayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, inokuba yintlekisa, ijike ibe kukugxeka okuhlabayo ngeemeko okanye izityholo.
- Drama. Ikwaziwa ngokuba yi-tragicomedy, eneneni yindibaniselwano yeesubgenres ezimbini zangaphambili zoncwadi. Kule nto umntu unokubonisa ingxaki ebuhlungu kodwa ephela kumdlalo ohlekisayo.
Ngaba iisubgenres zoncwadi zicacile kuwe? Njengoko ubona, akukho nzima kakhulu ukwahlula enye kwenye. Kodwa ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, konke okufuneka ukwenze kukusibuza kwizimvo.