Yintoni inoveli yembali?

Inoveli yezembali yingxelo engezantsi ejikelezwe kwiziganeko zokwenyani ezingatshintshiswanga njengeankile yesakhiwo sayo., ukukwazi okanye ukungasebenzisi kunye nokudibanisa abalinganiswa bokwenyani kunye nezinto eziyinyani. Imvelaphi yayo ibuyela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ngexesha le-Romanticism yaseYurophu. Ukusuka kwisandla sababhali abanjengoVíctor Hugo, Fontane okanye uJames Fenimore Cooper, phakathi kwabanye.

Kwincwadi yenoveli yase-Hispanic-American, Ana García Herranz (2009) uthi:

"… Iquka phantse iinkulungwane ezimbini zeenoveli ezitsala imbali yokuqwalaselwa kwazo, kodwa ezigcina ukufana okumbalwa ngokusesikweni phakathi kwabo; Isiqendu sesizwe kunye ne-Hispanic-American postmodern inoveli yembali yahluke ngokukodwa ngobuninzi babo, ekufuneka ibenze amacandelo amabini ngaphakathi kwimbali yenoveli yembali ”.

Uhlobo

Kule meko, uKurt Spang (s / f) uyacacisa:

“Inoveli yezembali, ngenxa yendalo yayo engxubevange, iphakamisa ingxaki ethile kuba iyagqitha kwinqanaba elingqongqo loncwadi, oko kukuthi, ngendlela ethile ithatha inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala, olo lonxibelelwano ngomlomo ngokubanzi olungeloncwadi. Kodwa ayisiyombali yokwenene kwaye ayisiyiyo ingxelo emsulwa okanye inoveli: yenza i "hiatus phakathi kweentsomi nembali."

Luhlobo-lwengxenye- luhlobo lonxibelelwano ngomlomo olungesisoyintsomi kunye nenqanaba elithile lokukhupha. Kuyo, imicimbi ebalisiweyo yesakhelo isekwe ngokupheleleyo kuphando olusesikweni, olubhaliweyo, kunye noluxhaswe kakuhle. Nangona ibali lihambelana nembono yombhali, izinto eziyinyani azifanele ukogqitha eyona nto iphambili.

Izixhobo

Namhlanje, inoveli yezembali luhlobo olunempumelelo, kunye nababhali abalungelelaniselwe iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeenoveli.. Njengophawu oluqhelekileyo bahlala bebandakanya ixesha elaziwayo ngaphakathi kwithuba. Ke ngoko, inokumela ingqikelelo yokwenyani yexesha elidlulileyo ngezixhobo zoncwadi lweemeta-fiction kunye nomlinganiswa odumileyo.

Isiqendu sesizwe senoveli

Bachaza isiqendu sembali ngokusebenzisa amaqhawe amaqhawe, okanye, ubuncinci, kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nobukroti. Kwangokunjalo, kwiinoveli zesizwe zembali isalathiso sibhekisa kumbhali wexesha langaphambili, apho umbalisi ulingqina lokuzibonela enombono ophantsi. Ezi mpawu zibonakala ngokucacileyo kwiingxoxo ze Iziqendu zesizwe nguGaldós okanye Isangqa saseIberia YeValle-Inclán.

Ngendlela efanayo, undoqo wenqaku lesizwe inoveli yembali ithande ukuba kude neengxelo zothando okanye ezingaqondakaliyo. Apho, iziganeko zembali ezinokuthenjwa zanyanzeliswa ekuphuhlisweni kwebali eliyintsomi. Ngesi sizathu, ibonakalisa injongo yezemfundo yezopolitiko, eneempawu ngokucacileyo zokwenza izinto.

Inoveli yembali yasemva kwexesha langoku

Ngolu hlobo lwenoveli yezembali amacandelo aqheleke ngakumbi agqwethwa ngabom bubukho bezixhobo ezingafakwanga ngaphandle, ihabaxe okanye okushiyekileyo. Oko kukuthi, injongo yayo ikufutshane nokwenza ufundo olunzulu lwangaphambili endaweni yokubonisa ingxelo ehambelana nembali yaseburhulumenteni.

Ukongeza, usebenzisa amanani awaziwayo (kwinqanaba lokuqala) kwaye usebenzisa izingqinisiso ezininzi. "Imicimbi engeyonyani" iyasebenza ukuba ayitshintshanga ngokubaluleka isiganeko sembali esikhankanyiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo nesiqendu sesizwe senoveli yembali, i-parody ixhaphake kakhulu.

Iindidi zenoveli yezembali

Inoveli yembali engeyonyani

Kwimbali yenoveli engeyonyani, umbhali uzama ukugubungela imicimbi echazwe ngesigqubuthelo sobunyani nokunyaniseka. Ngenxa yoko, injongo kukwenza ukuba uluvo lokunyaniseka kwimbono yombalisi. Ke ngoko, imiqolo elungiselelwe ngumbhali enobungqina obuqinisekisa ingxelo yakhe yeziganeko ayothusi. Nangona kunjalo, obu bungqina bunokuxhasa kuphela inxenye yebali.

Ukongeza, icandelo lobufundisi lithathelwa ingqalelo ukumisela indawo yombali (kunye nokuzibandakanya) kwiziganeko. Isakhono sokungenisa umbhali ekuboniseni iinyani ngendlela enamathele ngakumbi okanye kancinci nayo ibalulekile. E-Spain, izihloko ezinje IDoña Blanca de Navarra nguNavarro Villoslada okanye INkosi yaseBembibre de Gil noCarrasco, bamele le subgenus.

Inoveli yembali echasene nokukhohlisa

Inoveli yembali echasene nokukhohlisa yavela ngamandla eYurophu ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ngokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kulo mhla. Kuyo, umbhali-mbali uhlala ebonisa ukukhetha okukhulu kwiziganeko ezichazwe ngenxa yokuchazwa kwakhona kweziganeko ezizimeleyo. Emva koko, umbhali kufuneka aqokelele umgca webali kubandakanya amacandelo ayintsomi.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nembali yenoveli engeyonyani, le subgenre ibonisa umbalisi ophantsi ngakumbi. Apho isikhundla sompapasho sikude kwaye singachaphazelekanga ngokuphuhliswa kweziganeko. Eli nqaku linokujongwa kwi Ides kaMatshi nguWilder okanye kwi Amashishini kaMnu Julius Caesar Brent.

Iinoveli ezintlanu zembali

Imfazwe yokuphela kwehlabathi Ngu-Mario Vargas Llosa

Kule noveli, UVargas Llosa ithatha njengomxholo wohlaziyo lweCanudos olwenzeka eBrazil ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Apho, ukungabikho kokusesikweni kunye nemeko engaginyisi mathe kukhokelele ekubeni kuthiwe “kukuvukelwa kwabantu abangenalifa” ngenxa yemiyalelo kaCeba. Apho inkolo kunye nobugqi buba yinto enye enokubakho ukuvusa abo bacinezelweyo ngokuchasene negunya.

Umqolomba webhere NguJean Marie Auel

Umbalisi uthwala isenzo kude kube kwinqanaba lokugqibela le-Ice Age, xa inyikima ibangele ukwahlulwa kwentombazana eneminyaka emihlanu-u-Ayla - kwisizwe sakhe. Uyakwazi ukusinda ngenxa yombulelo kwiqela lamaNeanderthal amnika indawo yokuhlala kunye nokukhuselwa. Kodwa inkokeli elizayo clan ayigqibi ukwamkela ubukho bayo kwaye esongela ubukho intombazana encinci. Nangona kunjalo ukhuselwe ngumoya weNgonyama yoMqolomba.

IiTalos zaseSparta nguValerio Massimo Manfredi

UTalos wasindiswa nguHelot wakudala (iqela lesizwe elaliphantsi kobukhoboka) xa wayeshiywe njengedini kwiingcuka nguyise, u-Aristarcos, igosa laseSparta.. Oku kugqitywe ngesiko lakudala lamaSpartan. UTalos uyakhula aze abe sisimangaliso sesiprofeto: UAristodemus, ukumkani wokugqibela kaHelot omiselwe ukukhulula abantu bakhe.

Mna, Claudio nguRobert Graves

Umbhali wathabatha imisebenzi kaTacitus, uPlutarch noSuetonius njengesiseko sempikiswano yakhe edumileyo, ethi ibonise ngobomi bukaTiberius Claudius ngokwakhe. Iphinda ibuyise ixesha eligazi lobukumkani bukaJulio-Claudius kunye nobukhosi baseRoma, ukusukela ekubulaweni kukaJulius Caesar (44 BC) ukuya ekubulaweni kukaCaligula (41 BC). Inye ye iinoveli zembali ezaziwayoAmaxesha onke.

IziKronike zomkhosi wemfazwe nguBernard Cornwell

Emva kokugxothwa kwamaRoma e-Bhritane, kwaqalwa umzabalazo wokugcwalisa i-vacuum yamandla eyenziweyo. UMordred, indlalifa (eselusana) yokumkani ophakamileyo, u-Uther Pendragon, ukhuselwe ligorha eligama lingu-Arthur, elikhuselwe ngugqirha Merlin. Okokugqibela sisikolo esingekho semthethweni sikaPendragon onqwenela ukugcina ubunye bobukumkani kunye nokuthintela ukuba bungangeni phantsi kwedyokhwe yeeSaxon.

Esi sihloko trilogy, eyakhiwe zezi ncwadi zilandelayo:

• Inkosi yobusika.
• Utshaba lukaThixo.
• Excalibur