Ucaphula amazwi kaFran Lebowitz
UFran Lebowitz ngumbhali waseMelika owaphuma phandle ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe ngokupapashwa kwencwadi yakhe yokuqala: Ubomi beMetropolitan (1978). Kuyo, wayehlekisa ngobomi bemihla ngemihla boluntu lwaseNew York. Ubuntu bakhe bokungahloneli Thixo bumenze wahluka phakathi kwabantu. Enkosi ngendlela yakhe ekhethekileyo, ababhali abaninzi bamthelekisa nombhali-mbali kunye nonoburharha uDorothy Parker.
Ukususela kwi-XNUMXs ibisoloko ibandezeleka "kwibhloko yombhali." Indalo yakhe yokugqibela yaba ngumdlalo wabantwana UMnu Chas kunye noLisa Sue Badibana neePandas (1994). Noko ke, oko akuzange kumthintele kumsebenzi wakhe wemihla ngemihla. U-Lebowitz uye wagqwesa kwezinye iindawo, ezifana nomabonwakude kunye nefilimu, njengoko, ngaphezu kokuba ngumbhali, ungumculi, intatheli, kunye nesithethi.. Ngo-2007, wafumana ukutyunjwa kwemagazini into evanithi ngokuthambile njengomnye wabasetyhini ababalaseleyo bonyaka.
Isishwankathelo sombhali
UFrances Ann Lebowitz wazalwa ngoLwesihlanu ngo-Oktobha 27, 1950 kwisixeko saseMorristown eNew Jersey. Wakhulela kwidolophu yakowabo, kwintsapho yamaYuda. Wayeyintombazana enzima nenemvukelo, ngenxa yesi sizathu wagxothwa kwisikolo se-Episcopal emtyhola "ngobutshaba jikelele".
Inqanaba lomsebenzi
Njengoko wayengakwazi ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe, waqalisa ukusebenza kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Wayethengisa amabhanti, engumqhubi weteksi yaye wade wacoca nezindlu. Omnye wemisebenzi yakhe yokuqala ebalulekileyo yayikwindawo yokuthengisa kwindawo yentengiso yemagazini Utshintsho. Kweli phephancwadi wapapasha ukubhala kwakhe kokuqala, ukongeza, waqala ngencwadi kunye nophononongo lwefilimu.
Emveni kwexeshana, UAndy Warhol wamqesha njengombhali wemihlathi udliwanondlebe. Emva koko, wasebenza ixesha elithile kwimagazini yaseMelika yabasetyhini Nkosazana.
Imisebenzi yoncwadi
Ngowe-1978 wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala: Ubomi beMetropolitan, ebiyeyona ithengiswa kakhulu ukusukela oko yasungulwa. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, nomsebenzi wakhe wesibini, Izifundo ngokulala (1981), wayenolwamkelo olufanayo kubafundi. Emva kokuhlala kwindawo yokuqala ekuthengiseni ngezicatshulwa zombini, abalawuli abaninzi bamnika iimali ezinkulu ukuze aziqhelanise ne-cinema, nangona kunjalo, walile zonke izibonelelo.
Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesithathu kamva zombini iikopi zahlelwa zapapashwa ngolu hlobo: Umfundi kaFran Lebowitz (1994). Kwangaloo nyaka mnye wabonisa umsebenzi wakhe wamva nje, ibali labantwana elibizwa ngokuba: UMnu Chas kunye noLisa Sue Badibana neePandas (1994).
Isitshixo sombhali
Ukususela kwincwadi yakhe yokugqibela ngo-1994, U-Lebowitz uye wajongana nebhloko yokuyila kwindawo yoonobumba. Nangona enemisebenzi emininzi yoncwadi, akakhange akwazi ukuyigqiba. Ityala elikwindawo yoluntu ngulo msebenzi wakhe Iimpawu zangaphandle zobutyebi, eye yahlehliswa iminyaka ngumbhali. Ngo-2004, iphephancwadi into evanithi ngokuthambile upapashe isifinyezo somsebenzi wakhe Inkqubela, kodwa okwangoku akakayigqibi.
UMhlohli
Nangona edume ngeencwadi zakhe kunye nokuhlekisa okuhlekisayo, uye wagqwesa ngokuphawulekayo kwiinkalo ezifana nokuthetha esidlangalaleni. Enyanisweni, uLebowitz uye waba sesinye sezona zithethi zihlonitshwayo nezifunwayo e-US namhlanje.Ukhe wahlomla koku:
“Yinto endinokuyenza ngaphandle komzamo, intsusa yam kobu bomi. Ndinexesha elimnandi lokuthetha, kodwa ekuphela kwento endiyithiyileyo kukufika kwindawo. Wonke umntu emhlabeni okhwela inqwelomoya kufuneka afumane itshekhi. Andikholelwa ukuba bayakuhlawulisa ngala mava. "
Sebenza kwimidiya ye-audiovisual
Kwiminyaka esixhenxe (2001-2007) inxaxheba rhoqo kuthotho Umthetho & Nocwangco, njengomlingiswa wejaji uJanice Goldberg. Ukongeza, uye wavela kwimiboniso yeentetho ezahlukeneyo kunye noConan O'Brien, uJimmy Fallon kunye noBill Maher. Ngo-2013 wayeyinxalenye yabadlali befilimu I-Wolf ye Wall Street, ikhokelwa nguMartin Scorsese.
Ucaphula amazwi kaFran Lebowitz
Kwakhona, sele ikhona kumaxwebhu amaninzi, kuquka Amava aseMelika, ngokumalunga noSusan Sontag (2014) y Mapplethorpe: Jonga kwiMifanekiso (2016). Ngokungathi oku ngasentla akwanelanga, uMartin Scorsese naye walathisa ifilimu ebhaliweyo eLebowitz HBO, fowuni Ukuthetha koluntu (2010).
Uthotho lwamaxwebhu
Ngo-2021 uye wadlala kwi-documentary Yenza ngathi, Sisixeko, eyaqala ngo Iqonga leNetflix kwaye ineziqendu ezi-6 ezimfutshane. Oko yaqala ukusasazwa kwayo, iphumelele amakhulu abalandeli abebengamazi lo mlinganiswa uphambeneyo, i-curmudgeon kunye nokuzonwabisa ngaxeshanye. Kwisiqendu ngasinye, uLebowitz unencoko nomlawuli uMartin Scorsese malunga nokuphumelela kweNew York.
Unjalo ube yimpumelelo yomsebenzi, ukuba uchongelwe i-Emmy 2021 kudidi lweyona Documentary iBalaseleyo.
Ukuchasana kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuhamba
Omnye wemiba apho i umbhali kungenxa yokugatya kwabo ubugcisa. Ngenxa yoko, akanaselfowuni okanye ikhompyutha. Ngokuphathelele oku, wathi: “… Andinayo ikhompyutha. Andiboni nto kwi-Intanethi, esisigqibo esihle namhlanje ”. Ukwengeza, uthi akakuthandi ukukhwela iinqwelomoya, ngoko akafane aye ekhefini, njengoko ewugqala njengomsebenzi ombi.
Iincwadi zikaFran Lebowitz
Ubomi beMetropolitan (1978)
Yingqokelela yamabali ahlekisayo. Yapapashwa ngeSpanish njenge Ubomi beMetropolitan (1984). Kwisicatshulwa, Umbhali wenze ingxelo eyoyikisayo malunga nokuba bunjani ubomi koosozigidi, abahle nabadumileyo abahlala eNew York.. Ukongeza, uchaze banzi - ngempoxo - indlela amaqela asekuhlaleni akhula ngayo kwiinkalo ezifana nefashoni, ubugcisa kunye noncwadi.
Umbhali ubalisa ngemeko-bume azi kakuhle, ekubeni wayeyinxalenye yesangqa. Inyani ebonisa indlela isixeko esiye sababandakanya ngayo abalinganiswa baso kangangokuba akukho namnye kubo owayenokuhlala kwesinye isixeko, ngakumbi kweli lizwe. Eyona nto yayixhaphakile phakathi kwazo yayibubutshaba kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ezingqongwe yindalo, izilwanyana zasekhaya, abantu abangafundanga kunye nabantwana.
Izifundo ngokulala (1981)
Yincwadi yesibini yombhali. Yapapashwa ngeSpanish njenge Incwadi emfutshane yobuntu (1984). Ngombulelo kumsebenzi wakhe wangaphambili, le ngqokelela yamkelwe kakuhle kwaye nayo yamkelwa umthengisi ogqibelele. Njengomsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, Iqulethe iqela lamabali apho wenza i-satires malunga nabantu, ulonwabo kunye nokusingqongileyo kwendawo yasezidolophini.
Ngexesha amabali bayonwabela i-comedy ephawulweyo, zibekwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngobukrelekrele, nangendlela engafanelekanga.
Umfundi kaFran Lebowitz (1994)
Lo msebenzi wesithathu woncwadi sisiphumo somanyano lweencwadi zakhe zokuqala ezimbini ezipapashiweyo, Ubomi beMetropolitan (1978) kunye Izifundo ngokulala (1981). Izicatshulwa zahlelwa ukuba zibandakanye idatha evumela uluntu ukuba lufunde ngakumbi malunga nobomi kunye nomsebenzi wombhali. Kule mathiriyeli i-documentary ivela emva koko Ukuthetha koluntu (2010), Ikhokelwa nguScorsese.
UMnu Chas kunye noLisa Sue Badibana neePandas (1994)
Yincwadi yefantasy yabantwana, echaza iihambo zabantwana ababini abaneminyaka eyi-7 kunye neebhere ezimbini ezinkulu. Umbhali unikezela ngebali elihlekisayo elihlekisayo, elidlala noMnu. Chas kunye noLisa Sue. Njengoko iintsana ziphonononga izakhiwo zaseManhattan, zifumanisa iperi yeepanda ezibizwa ngokuba: iPandemonium kunye noDon't Panda to Public. Umsebenzi uqulethe imifanekiso kaMichael Graves.
