UFederico García Lorca: umfanekiso wokutshica wemibongo yaseSpain.
Nangona uninzi lobomi bakhe sele lubhaliwe, inyani kukuba ukuthetha ngoFederico García Lorca ngekhe kwanele. Umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala uyakhala, Iinethi zakhe ziyangcangcazela, uthetha ngobungqina besihobe saseSpain kunye nobuchule obunobumba obunobumba, ngokungathi ngumphefumlo omdala obhalayo, umntu oza nolwazi oludlulileyo ukugqitha kwimibongo yangoku kunye nokucinga kwakhona eyandulelayo.
Le ndoda yaseGranada, eyazalwa ngo-1898, yeza kubona ikhulu leminyaka isifa kwaye ibeyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuzalwa koncwadi kwinkulungwane elandelayo. Iintyatyambo zakhe ezisemthethweni zemibongo zenzeka ngo-1921, xa wayeneminyaka engama-23 kuphela ubudala. Ngelo xesha wapapasha eyakhe Incwadi yemibongo (1921) kunye Umbongo kaCante jondo (1921), imisebenzi eyamnika indawo kwangoko phakathi kweembongi zexesha kwaye yamqinisekisa indawo kwindawo ebalulekileyo ye-27.
ULorca kunye neNdawo yokuhlala yabafundi
Kukho iminyhadala, iindawo kunye nabantu abatshintsha ubomi, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaye Ukuba kukho into eye yanceda ukwenza kunye nokudibanisa italente kaFederico García Lorca, elo yayilixesha lakhe eResidencia de Estudiantes.
Umbhali omncinci akazange afike apho ngamabona-ndenzile, ukungena kwakhe kule ndawo kwakuyimveliso yokukhutshwa ngusopolitiki ngexesha elifanelekileyo uFernando de los Ríos phambi kwabazali bembongi, abachasene nokushiya kwakhe. Inkokheli yobusoshiyali yaseSpain yathetha kwaye yakwazi ukweyisela izihlobo zikaLorca ukuba zingene.
Ngexesha lokuhlala kwabafundi, ULorca uhlikihla amahlombe ngamanani omzimba kaSalvador Dalí noLuis Buñuel, iingqondi ezinobunzima obukhulu ngexesha awomeleza ngazo ubuhlobo. Aba balinganiswa, kunye noRafael Alberti kunye no-Adolfo Salazar, banika amandla kubumbongo bukaLorca emva kwentlanganiso nganye etyebisayo.
U-Lorca, isizukulwana se-'27, uhambo kunye nokubulawa kwakhe
Kungenxa yentlanganiso yeembongi ezenzeka kwiminyaka engama-300 emva kokubhubha kukaLuis de Góngora (1927) xa oko kwakusithiwa sisiZukulwana sama-27. Ngaloo nyaka kunye nomnye olandelayo zavela Amaculo (1927) kunye Ukuthandana gypsy yokuqala (1928) Imisebenzi emibini ebalaseleyo yomfana waseGranada.
Kwakungelo xesha xa uFederico García Lorca edlula kolunye lwezona ngxaki zakhe zomeleleyo, Oku kungenxa yokugxekwa kopapasho, ngakumbi olo lwe-romanceo, kuba bayidibanisa ngokuthe ngqo nenkxaso ye-gypsies kunye nokukhuthaza nokukhusela i-costumbrismo.
Emva kwento eyenzekileyo ngeencwadi zemibongo, uLorca wagqiba kwelokuba atshintshe indawo kunye nemeko kwaye waya kuhambo oluya eNew York. Ukuba kumazwe aseMelika waphefumlelwa kwaye incwadi yakhe yazalwa Imbongi eNew York eyavela kwiminyaka emine emva kokubulawa kwakhe.
Ibinzana nguFederico García Lorca.
Kwakungo-1936, nge-16 ka-Agasti, emva kothotho lweziganeko zoqhushululu luka-Julayi 19, apho uGarcía Lorca wabanjwa nguMkhosi woLuntu. Ngelo xesha, wayesekhaya likaLuis Rosales, umhlobo osenyongweni owayemnike indawo yokuhlala. Akudlulanga iintsuku ezimbini xa umyalelo wawukhutshiwe ukuba udubule imbongi eselula, kwaye ke kwaba njalo.
Zininzi izimvo ezijikeleze ukusweleka kwakhe, kodwa eyona idumileyo ibonisa ukuba mhlawumbi kungenxa yesini sakhe esaziwayo. Inyaniso yile wonke umsebenzi kunye nobomi bukaFederico García Lorca uphawule isiganeko esibalulekileyo kuncwadi lwehlabathi, iivesi zakhe zingumfanekiso wokutshica imibongo yaseSpain.