Ezona ncwadi zamapolisa zibalaseleyo

Ukuthetha ngeencwadi ezilungileyo zolwaphulo-mthetho kubandakanya ukuzixhobisa ngeglasi yokukhulisa kunye nokugweba okuhle kwaye ujonge kolunye lwezona ntlobo zoncwadi zaziwayo namhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, olo dumo luzigwagwisa namhlanje belungafani nakuqala kwalo. Kwaye ewe, sithetha ngomkhwa odelelekileyo ngokugxekwa koncwadi emva kokuvela kwawo (isiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-XNUMX). Nangona kunjalo, indelelo kwinxalenye ye "elite yokucinga" ayikhange ibangele ngxaki kubabhali bamabali olwaphulo-mthetho.

Ngapha koko, ababhali U-Edgar Allan Poe-umanduleli omkhulu woluhlobo-, uSir Arthur Conan Doyle kunye no-Agatha Christie bachazwe njengabaziintshatsheli zoncwadi lwehlabathi. Kunye nabo bakhankanyiweyo, kuvela amagama anje ngoDashiell Hammlett, Vázquez Montalbán okanye John Verdon (phakathi kwabanye), kunye nemisebenzi ethathelwa ingqalelo isisiseko kwiingxelo zamapolisa

Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zesitalato sasemakhazeni (1841), nguEdgar Allan Poe

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zesitalato sasemakhazeni

Ukuqala kohlobo lwamapolisa

Umbhali waseMelika Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849) wayeyingqondi yokwenene yoonobumba, kuba wayeyazi indlela yokuba nguvulindlela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoncwadi. Elinye lamagalelo akhe axabisekileyo kuncwadi lwehlabathi yayingumlinganiswa wakhe njengomcuphi u-Auguste Dupin.. Ngokuchanekileyo, kwi Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zesitalato sasemakhazeni ukubonakala kwakhe kokuqala okusemthethweni kwenzeka.

Ukubaluleka kuka-Auguste Dupin

Ubunyani beDupin abukhawulelwanga kwizicatshulwa ezisayinwe yiPoe, ngokuqinisekileyo ayinakonakala. Ewe, umphenyi olandelayo "ongafiyo" kuncwadi (uSherlock Holmes) wayechatshazelwe ngokucacileyo ziindlela zakhe. Njengomlinganiswa uHercules Poirot ovela UChristie Agatha. UHolmes ude amkhankanye ngokuthe ngqo kumabali akhe (nangona wayengumntu "ongaphantsi" kuye).

Isishwankathelo se Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zesitalato sasemakhazeni

Umbalisi ongaziwayo ngumhlobo osenyongweni kaDupin kwaye ungoyena mntu ubalulekileyo emva komntu ophambili. Eli ziko limi kwisisombululo setyala lokubulala lamabhinqa amabini (umama nentombi) kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga. Ukongeza, amapolisa ayakwazi ukuqokelela imikhondo embalwa kwaye ukubuzwa kwabamelwane kunye namangqina anokuvela akuvelisi datha iluncedo.

Okubi kakhulu, phakathi kwabarhanelwa kukho ummangalelwa otyala lakhe lingathandabuzekiyo. Ngenxa yoko-ihanjiswe yimicimbi yobuqu ngokupheleleyo- Knight UDupin ucela imvume yokusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho. Nje ukuba anikwe, umlinganiswa ophambili usebenzisa ubukrelekrele kunye neenkcukacha zomzuzu ade afumane oyena nobangela wokufa.

Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezohlwayo (1866)

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo

Kulo mdlalo, Umbhali waseRussia u-Fyodor Dostoyesvki (1821 - 1881) ngobuchule uxuba iimpawu zengqondo kunye neembono eziphikisanayo zabalinganiswa abaphambili. Nangona ayisiyoncwadi yamapolisa ngengqondo engqongqo yekota, ibaluleke kakhulu kuhlobo olo. Kungenxa yokuba imele iziganeko ezisuka engqondweni yomntu osaphule umthetho.

Isiqendu

I-Primero, umbalisi owazi zonke izinto unikezela ngeziganeko ngokwembono yomntu ophambili, uRiodón Raskólnikov. Ngokukodwa, inika iinkcukacha ngobomi balo mfundi uneengxaki zemali (ngaphandle koncedo lukanina nodadewabo). Emva kwexesha, uRaskólnilov - ohlaselwe bubuqaqawuli bobuzwilakhe - uza kugweba ukuphanga nokubulala umntu owayebolekisa imali endala, uAliona Ivánova.

Emva kwexesha, umbalisi ubonisa izimvo zabanye abalinganiswa ababandakanyekayo (ipolisa, udade wabo, umsindisi wosapho ...). Okwangoku, umlinganiswa ophambili uzinikezela kwabasemagunyeni, nokuba akukho bungqina bubambekayo ngaye.. Ekugqibeleni, uRiodón uzalisekisa isigwebo sakhe eSiberia kwaye ulinde ukudibana noSonia, intanda yakhe.

Funda kwi-Scarlet (1887)

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha:

Funda kwi-Scarlet

Mnumzana Arthur Conan Doyle wayeyazi into ayenzayo. Umthamo wokuqala kaSherlock Holmes wavumela abafundi ukuba baqhelane nomphengululi obalaseleyo kunye neqabane lakhe elinyanisekileyo, uGqirha Watson.. I-icon phakathi kwamabali obugebenga ngenxa yokuqina kweendlela ezilindelweyo kwizicatshulwa zika-Auguste Dupin. Oko kukuthi, ukuqiqa okuthathelwa ingqalelo, ukujonga iinkcukacha ezingacacanga koku, ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yesayensi ...

Ukongeza, iHolmes iyabanda, iyothusa, ayinakuphumla kwaye ayithembi ngakumbi (nangona ichubekile) yabasetyhini. Vula Funda kwi-Scarlet, umcuphi wase-Bhritane uneminyaka engama-26 okanye engama-27 ubudala. Iyelenqe liqala ngentlanganiso yokuqala phakathi kukaHolmes noGqr Watson. Le yokugqibela ikhuthaza umlinganiswa ophambili ukuba aphande ngokubulawa kwendoda efunyenwe kwindlu engenabantu.

I-Falcon yaseMalta (1930)

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: I-Falcon yaseMalta

Kubhalwe nguDashiell Hammlett (1894 - 1961), I-Falcon yaseMalta Iyaxatyiswa namhlanje njengengxelo engenakususwa ngaphakathi kwinoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho yaseMelika. Ngeli xesha, isenzo senzeka eSan Francisco. Apho, iqela labathengisi bezobugcisa (ubukhulu becala) bakumkhondo welitye elinqabileyo elifana nokhetshe kwaye lifakwe ngamatye axabisekileyo.

Esi sihloko ibingowokuqala kweenkwenkwezi ezimbini uSam Spade, umcuphi onendlela yokuziphatha enoburharha kwaye ethambekele ekusebenziseni iindlela ezingaqhelekanga. Yiyo loo nto uMhlakulo ulwenza ngokugqibeleleyo olu hlobo lomhloli onokuziphatha okungathandabuzekiyo, okwaziyo ukugoba imigaqo nokwenza nantoni na ukusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho. Okubandakanya ukunganyaniseki kunye nezenzo ezimbi.

Ikhethini: Ityala lokugqibela likaPoirot (1975)

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Ikhethini

U-Agatha Christie (ngo-1890 ukuya ku-1975) wabhala le ncwadi ngemeko yakhe yokugqibela kumcuphi wakhe uHercules Poirot kumashumi amane eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba ipapashwe. Eli yelenqe lenzeka kwiNkundla yeZitayile, indlu enkulu eguqulwe yenziwa ihotele apho iPoirot idibana khona nomhlobo wakudala, uColonel Hastings.. Kuye umphenyi utyhila ukukrokrela kwakhe malunga nobukho be "mnene" uMnu X, phakathi kweendwendwe.

Umnumzana u-X ngumbulali okhohlakeleyo onxulunyaniswe nokubulala okuhlanu kwangaphambilini, nangona kunjalo, wayengazange abanjwe kuba akazange akrokrelwe. Imeko yezempilo kaPoirot yongezwa kubuchule bokungaphumeleli kulwaphulo-mthetho: uhamba ngesitulo esinamavili ngenxa yesifo samathambo. Ngesi sizathu, ifuna uncedo rhoqo kwiimeko ezicinezelayo.

Iilwandle ezisemazantsi (1979)

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Iilwandle ezisemazantsi

Le noveli kaManuel Vázquez Montalbán (1939 - 2003) Enye yeencwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibhalwe ngeSpanish ngekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ibali lisetelwe e-Barcelona, ​​lijolise kwimibuzo enxulumene nokubulawa kukaCarlos Stuart Pedrell. Ngubani, ngaphambi kokubonakala efile (ehlatywayo) wayekholelwa ukuba ebehamba ngolwandle olusemazantsi unyaka.

Umntu ophetheyo wokucacisa iinyani ngumcuphi uPepe Carvalho (oqeshwe ngumfazi womfi). Nangona kunjalo, xa uphando luqhubeka kuyacaca ukuba uPedrell akazange aluqale uhambo lwakhe. Phakathi kokuphikisana okulawulayo, ngokucacileyo, Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu lishishini lalowo ungasekhoyo kunye nokuzimisela kwakhe ngomzobi weFrench Post-Impressionist, uPaul Gauguin.

Ndiyazi ukuba ucinga ntoni (2010)

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Ndiyazi ukuba ucinga ntoni

Cinga ngenani (IsiNgesi isihloko) simele iphupha lokupapasha umbhali waseMelika nombhali wentengiso uJohn Verdon. Akunanto, le ncwadi inyukele kwinombolo kuluhlu lwesizwe lweemarike ezithengisa kakhulu kunye nemivimbo. Inoveli enomdlali ophambili uDave Gurney yenye yeembali ezibalaseleyo kuhlobo lomcuphi lwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX.

Isiteyitimenti esinjalo sifanelekile-ngaphandle kwamanani aso orhwebo-ngenxa yeqhinga elothusayo, elinamandla kunye nelomlutha. Kunye (kunjalo) nobunzima obunomtsalane babalinganiswa bayo. Malunga, UVerdon wathi wakha umlinganiswa wakhe ophantsi kwempembelelo enkulu yolwazi aluthandayo: UMhlekazi Arthur Conan Doyle, uReginald Hill noRoss McDonald.