IHood Red Riding Hood eManhattan.
IHood Red Riding Hood eManhattan (1990) yinoveli yolutsha emnandi eyenziwe nguCarmen Martín Gaite. Yintsomi yanamhlanje. Ukuphononongwa kwediatribe engunaphakade phakathi kwephupha kunye nenyani. Ibisisihloko esiphathwa ixesha elininzi "njengomsebenzi omncinci" ngaphakathi kuluhlu olubanzi lweencwadi zombhali weSalamanca. Nangona kunjalo, yayiyimpumelelo yokupapasha (yayiyeyona ncwadi ithengwa kakhulu eSpain ngo-1991).
Ewe, ye "minor", ayinayo iota. Ngumntu okhaliphileyo kuphela onesibindi sokukhupha elinye lamabali endalo iphela awaziwa kakuhle ngabantu. Ibali elineenkulungwane zesiko lomlomo emqolo, ethi, enkosi- ikakhulu-kuCharles Perrault kunye noMzalwana uGrimm, ihlale isebenza kwaye ingenakuphela. Umsebenzi wombhali ube nefuthe kangangokuba ngo-2016 UCarmen Martín Gaite Imbali yokuBalisa.
UCarmen Martín Gaite: umbhali
Uzalelwe eSalamanca kwi1925, wayengomnye wababhali abanempembelelo abathetha iSpanish kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Kwakhona waba ngumqondiso womfazi oqhubela phambili. Ngokunjalo, phakathi kweembeko ezininzi ezifunyenwe ebomini ngokuchanekileyo liBhaso eliQhubekayo labaseTyhini kuhlelo lwayo lokuqala, olwabanjwa ngo-1990.
Xa ubuvulindlela kufanelekile kwaye "sisilika"
Ngexesha le-1970s, 1980s, kunye ne-1990s, uGaite waqatshelwa okokuqala njengowesifazane (into engaqhelekanga, enikwe imeko yexesha) Okungakumbi, xa ngo-1978 yaba yeyokuqala ukunikwa iNew Literature Prize yaseSpain ngenoveli Igumbi elingasemva.
Eyona nto "ingumnqa" kukuba kweli nqanaba - kule nkulungwane yama-XNUMX - inyani (yokuba ngumfazi) isasetyenziswa njengexabiso lokwahluka. Kucacile ukuba intsingiselo, ubuncinci, engenabulungisa kunye nekhethe, kuba umsebenzi kaCarmen Martín Gaite mkhulu kwaye wahlukahlukene kakhulu.
UCarmen Martin Gaite.
Ixesha lokubhala
Wafunda ifilosofi kunye neeleta kwiYunivesithi yaseSalamanca. Apho wafumana isidanga kwiRomance Philosophy. Nangona inoveli yakhe yokuqala, Spa, yapapashwa ngo-1955, uMartín Gaite wavuma izihlandlo ezininzi ukuba wayengumbhali onobuchule. Ukususela kwiminyaka esibhozo waqala ukufumana ubizo lwakhe kwaye wabhala amanye amabali. Ubomi bakhe babuhlala bunxulunyaniswa nehlabathi leeleta.
Kodwa ayisiyiyo nje kuphela ingxelo ebalisayo kwi-resume yakho. Ubhale imidlalo emibini: Intonga eyomileyo (yagqitywa ngo-1957, yakhululwa ngo-1987) kwaye Usisi omncinci (yagqitywa ngo-1959, yakhululwa ngo-1999). Ngokukwanjalo, wabonakala njengombhali. Ngapha koko, ngumsebenzi wakhe Ukusetyenziswa kweAmor kwexesha leSpanish lasemva kwemfazwe, Wenza ukuba alifanele i-Anagrama Essay Award ngo-1987.
Eminye imisebenzi yoncwadi
Umbhali waseSpain uphinde wanikela ngexesha lokugxeka uncwadi kunye nokuguqulelwa kweetekisi ngababhali abanjengoGustave Flaubert noRainer Maria Rilke. Ukongeza, wasebenzisana kuphuhliso lwezikripthi ze-audiovisual zeTelevisión Española: UTeresa oyiNgcwele kaYesu (1982) kunye Celia (1989). Le yokugqibela isekelwe kumabali ka-Elena Fortún. UCarmen Martín Gaite wasweleka ngo-2000, elixhoba lomhlaza.
Kwaye iHood Red Riding Hood yaya eNew York
Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: IHood Red Riding Hood eManhattan
Okokuqala, Akunakwenzeka ukungahoyi le meko ilandelayo: amabali e-Little Red Riding Hood ayipropathi yabo bonke abantu abakhe baziva okanye bazifunde. Ke ngoko, imele umzekelo obalaseleyo womsebenzi owenziwe "kwimemori ekwabelwana ngayo".
Isibini, Umsebenzi kaMartín Gaite awulandeli umgca oqhelekileyo webali "eliqhelekileyo" le-Little Red Riding Hood. Utshintsho alukho nje "izithambiso". Kwaye ayikhawulelanga ekuzobeni iNew York njengehlathi eligcwele iingozi zangoku, zigcwele "izilwanyana" zasendle kwaye zineenjongo ezimbi.
Impikiswano
IHood Red Riding Hood eManhattan sisikhalo senkululeko. Ukhenketho lwe-protagonist lwenzeka kwiitonela zangaphantsi, ebhaptizwa kwihlabathi awayecinga ukuba uyalazi. Ngokwenyani, luphando olunzulu, lwangaphakathi, olungaphaya kohambo "lwangaphantsi" nje. Yedwa, ubalekile kubazali bakhe, ugqibela ngokujonga ngaphakathi kuye ukuze afumane kwaye aqhubeke nomnqweno wakhe ophambili.
Ihlabathi eliqhelekileyo?
Le ndawo encinci ikhwele ebomvu kufuneka ijongane nendalo iphela apho, ewe, umntu okhohlakeleyo, ogama linguWoolf, akanakubakho. Umchasi ukhohlakele, kukuzingca nokubawa. Ngendlela efanayo, ukugqibezela kwimbali yanamhlanje egcwele amanani eManichean ibonakala: imali.
Kodwa uSara - intombazana egqoke isambatho evela eBrooklyn, elangazelela ukuya eManhattan - akufuneki ajongane nabantu ababi "ababi". Ubangela ukuba abatshutshisi bakhe babonakalise kwizenzo zabo nakwinjongo yobukho babo. Emva koko umbuzo wenkululeko yokwenene uvela ungenakuphepheka; Wonke umntu kufuneka abe noxanduva lwezigqibo zakhe, nokuba zichanekile okanye akunjalo.
Yombono kunye nokuqina kwakhona
UCarmen Martín Gaite ulawule ngalo msebenzi-ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa igama lakhe phakathi kwababhali "abathengisa kakhulu" ngeSpanish- ukuqinisekisile indlela yakhe yokubhala. Ewe, umbhali waseSpain ukhusele ukuhambelana kokuthembeka kunye nefantasy kwisicatshulwa esifanayo. Ngokukodwa, wathi "ukuba ibali liyathembeka akuthethi ukuba liyinyani, kwaye akufuneki lithembeke."
Caphula ngoCarmen Martín Gaite.
Intombazana ehamba kwizitrato zaseNew York yodwa imida kwizinto ezingenangqondo. Nangona kunjalo, ibali liyasebenza ngaphandle kokushiya indawo yokuba umfundi azibuze ukuba ingaba iyathetheleleka na. Ke ngoko, ukuzonwabisa kwale Little Red Riding Hood kubonisa eyona ntsomi inyanisekileyo. Kude kwihlabathi lamaphupha elichazwe kwihlathi elimnyama apho amantombazana okuqala angenalwazi kwafuneka awele ukujongana nengcuka enkulu embi.
Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo ngaphambi kokugxekwa
UMartín Gaite uzinikele kakhulu kwaye waphumelela ekugxekeni uncwadi. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, oku kwamnceda ukuba abone umsebenzi waba babhali (ngenxa yoko, ngaphandle kwezicatshulwa okanye amagama akekeleyo) ngaphandle kolunye uhlobo lwezakhiwo. Ukusukela, ukuba kukho umzobo osoloko ujongwa ngokukrokrela-nokuba yindlela ehlambalazayo-kubugcisa ngokubanzi, ngulowo ugxekayo. Ngokuchanekileyo okanye ngokungalunganga, bahlala bebizwa ngokuba banxunguphele.
Nkqu nabagxeki baye bagqalwe njengongakwaziyo ukwenza umsebenzi ongafanelekanga ukuba ucingisiswe. Kodwa umfazi waseSalamanca wayejonge phambili kuphononongo lwaba baqeqeshi. Ngendlela efanayo, wayenomdla kakhulu ekwazini ukwamkelwa komsebenzi wakhe phakathi koluntu jikelele. Ke, unokufumana izinto ezinokubakho kumabali akhe ezazingahoywanga xa kubhalwa.
Ukuqonda umsebenzi
Ngaphandle kwempumelelo engathandabuzekiyo kwezorhwebo, uluvo loluntu malunga neLittle Red Riding Hood eManhattan soloko lahlulwe. Inxalenye yabafundi ifumene i-adventure eyonwabisayo. Kwabanye, into encinci emsulwa ebomvu ekhwele "esixekweni engalaliyo", kunye nomakhulu wakhe kunye nengcuka enkulu embi, kuphela kubonisa izizathu zokuzilolonga.
Kwelinye icala, bekukho abantu abalonwabeleyo ibali ngaphandle kokubuza imibuzo emininzi malunga nentombazana evela eBrooklyn ihamba iManhattan. Bebengakhathali nokuba iLittle Red Riding Hood ibinexesha lokuzula kwiCentral Park ngaphandle kokubhubha kwisilo esoyikekayo. Ubuncinci hayi "ngokoqobo."
IHood Red Riding Hood eManhattan: Uphoxekile yinxalenye yoluntu?
Kodwa bekukho iqela lesithathu elingakhange likufumane oko belilindele tale yakudala yakudala kodwa ibekwe eNew York. Ngaba ikhona into engalunganga ngale nto? Ngapha koko, inkcazo ayinyanzelekanga. Akukho mpendulo ngamxhelo mnye. Ngokuqinisekileyo uCarmen Martín Gaite akavumelani naloo mbono. Kuba yile nto i-adventure yokufunda (kunye nobugcisa ngokubanzi) imalunga nayo.
Uhlobo lwefantasy lusekwe ekufumaneni umhlaba omtsha-okanye ngamanye amaxesha amadala-ngaphandle kokubeka iikhonsepthi ngaphambi kokutolika ulwazi. NjengoSara, "iHood Red Riding Hood yaseManhattan." Ngayiphi na imeko, umsebenzi kaMartín Gaite sisimemo sokubuza ukuba yintoni inkululeko yokuzikhethela kwaye ikho ngokwenene.