"Apho kulibala khona" ngumsebenzi we ULuis Cernuda isihloko sayo sithathwe kwivesi ka-Bécquer kwaye ethi yona inike igama layo kwingoma yomculi-umbhali wengoma waseSpain uJoaquín Sabina. Ukungaqondakali, ngokucacileyo okuvelisa intlungu yokuphela kothando, yi-axis ejikeleze yonke ingqokelela yemibongo. Luhlobo lokufa, ukucinywa kwenkumbulo okukhokelela ukuba imbongi izive ikhathazekile yinto esele ihleli iyimvakalelo entle.
Eli licandelo elibi le- uthando, yesiphumo, sento eshiyekileyo xa iyeka ukubakho, kwaye ngandlela ithile yiyo nayiphi na into yokuba sisithandwa esivelwayo, kuba akukho nto ingunaphakade kwaye ukuphela kwenqanaba lothando kuya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo kuyeke ukulibala okuya kuzisa iimvakalelo ezingalunganga ngokuchasene nobuhle benqanaba elidlulileyo apho uvuyo kunye nentlalontle yayiziintsika ezisisiseko.
Njengokuphikisana phakathi kothando kunye Intliziyo ebuhlunguPhakathi kwememori kunye nokulibala, phakathi kovuyo kunye nokukhathazeka, kukho enye into echasayo emsebenzini, leyo iphakathi kwengelosi kunye nomtyholi, ebonakala njengamazwi enkondlo ehlebela umfundi.
Lo msebenzi ngowona waziwa kakhulu nguLuis Cernuda, nangona engakhange afumane kugxekwa kakuhle kwingqokelela yakhe yemibongo, lonke uzuko walufumana ngokupapashwa kwencwadi esixoxa ngayo ngoku.
Apho kulibala khona, incwadi
Incwadi kaLuis Cernuda Ukuhlala kwindawo yokulibala kwapapashwa ngo-1934, nangona imibongo equlethwe kuyo yabhalwa phakathi kowe-1932 nowe-1933. Phakathi kwayo, enye yezona zaziwayo ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo yile inika igama lesihloko sayo.
Le ngqokelela yemibongo yeyenqanaba lombhali elisencinci, xa wayefumana ukuphoxeka kothando kunye nesizathu sokuba abhale ngothando ngokungathi yinto embi okanye eneemvakalelo ezikrakra kuyo.
Ukongeza, kuyaziwa ukuba isihloko awasinika umbongo, kunye nengqokelela yakhe yemibongo, yayingeyonto ayenzileyo, kodwa ke wajonga omnye umbhali, uGustavo Adolfo Bécquer, owayekwiRima LXVI, kwi ivesi yayo yeshumi elinesihlanu, ithi "apho kuhlala khona ukulibala."
Incwadi inemibongo eliqela, kodwa phantse zonke zinayo iimvakalelo ezingalunganga kunye nethemba ngothando kunye nobomi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba imisebenzi yokuqala kaLuis Cernuda yafumana ukugxekwa okuninzi, waqhubeka nokuzama ukuvela, into awayiphumelelayo kwiminyaka kamva.
Uhlalutyo lwendawo ekulibala kuyo
Ngaphakathi kwengqokelela yemibongo, enye enegama elifanayo nencwadi yaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke, ikwangulo uqinisa yonke imixholo ajongene nayo umbhali kulo msebenzi. Ke ngoko, ukuyifunda kunganika umbono wexesha awayehamba ngalo kunye nesizathu sokuba yonke eminye imibongo ibe semdeni wokuphelelwa lithemba, isizungu, usizi, njl.
Apho ulwaluko luhlala khona Iivesi ezingama-22 ezahlulwe zaziindawo ezi-6. Nangona kunjalo, imitha ayifani kwaphela kuzo zonke iivesi kodwa kukho ukungalingani kwaye ezinye iivesi zinde kakhulu kunezinye.
Kananjalo izitanza azifani kwinani leevesi. Eyokuqala ineevesi ezi-5 ngelixa eyesibini ingu-3; owesithathu ku-4 ... eshiya owokugqibela enee-2 kuphela. Into ayisebenzisayo kakuhle ziintetho ezahlukeneyo ezifana:
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Isimntwiso. Nikezela ngomgangatho womntu, isenzo okanye into kwinto okanye umbono.
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Umfanekiso. Ngumntu othelekisayo ofuna ukuchaza into yokwenene ngamagama.
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UAnaphora. Imalunga nokuphinda igama, okanye aliqela, ekuqaleni kwendinyana nakwisivakalisi.
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Umzekeliso. Thelekisa amagama amabini anomgangatho ofanayo phakathi kwabo.
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Ukuchasana. Ibhekisa ekuvezeni inkcaso yoluvo oluqhele ukubonakaliswa kumbongo.
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Uphawu. Isetyenziselwa ukufaka endaweni yegama elinye endaweni yegama elinye.
Ubume bombongo bulandela iphetshana lesetyhula nanjengoko iqala ngombono ongcolisiweyo de uphele. Ngapha koko, wakube uwujongile umbongo, uyakubona ukuba uqala ngento enye ephelayo, (apho kuhlala khona ulibele), ukuseka iinxalenye ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwawo.
Icandelo 1 lombongo
Kuyo, iivesi 1 ukuya ku-8, izitanza ezibini zokuqala, ziya kuncitshiswa. Umxholo ekuthethwa ngawo apha umalunga ne- ukufa kothando, ukufa ngokomoya, kodwa ngenxa yokudana kwakhe eluthandweni, umbhali akasayithembi loo mvakalelo.
Icandelo 2 lokulibala
Kule nxalenye iivesi 9 ukuya ku-15 zingabandakanywa, oko kukuthi, izitanza sesi-3 nesesi-4. Ithemba ngakumbi kule ndawo yombongo nanjengoko umnqweno wayo yeka ukukholelwa eluthandweni, zama ngazo zonke iindlela ukucinga ngaloo mvakalelo kwaye uqhekeze nayo yonke into ebendiyicingile ngothando.
3 inxenye
Okokugqibela, isahlulo sesithathu sombongo, ukusukela kumqolo we-16 ukuya kowama-22 (izitanza ezi-5 nesesi-6) sithetha ngokufuna ukuphelisa imvakalelo yothando, andifuni kuphinda ndibone kwaye ihlala kuphela njengememori kwimemori, ukulahla loo mvakalelo yokufuna ukuba secaleni komntu.
Uthetha ntoni umbongo wokuba Apho ulibala uhlala khona
Apho kulibala khona U-Luis Cernuda waba yindlela yokuchaza intlungu awayekuyo ngenxa yothando awalufumanayo. Ngapha koko, kuye kwakuthetha ukungafuni ukuphinda uthandane, ungakholelwa eluthandweni kwakhona, kwaye ufuna ukulibala yonke into eyenzekileyo.
Zonke ezi mvakalelo zixinene ngumbhali kulo mbongo, nangona incwadi inezinye ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, mhlawumbi yeyona ibeka ugxininiso olukhulu kuba ithetha ngobukho bothando, kodwa nangentlungu eza nokuzivumela ukuba uqhathwe yiyo. Ngesi sizathu, xa izinto zingahambi njengoko bekufanele ukuba zilungiselelwe, into ayifunayo kukunyamalala, afe, kuba nangona ingelosi anokuthi "nguCupid" ubethelele ngotolo lothando, ayenziwanga okufanayo komnye umntu.
Kungenxa yoko, Umbhali uzama ukubalekela elibele ukuphelisa iingcinga ezimbi kwaye uyeke ukuziva iintlungu kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba ngenkumbulo yala maxesha ukhe waphila.
Ukuhambelana kombongo
U-Luis Cernuda wazalwa ngo-1902 eSeville. Wayengomnye weembongi zibalaseleyo kwisizukulwana sama-27, kodwa wahlupheka kakhulu, esenza umbongo wakhe ubonakalise iimvakalelo awazifumanayo ebomini bakhe.
Amava okuqala awayenawo kuncwadi yayingumhlobo wakhe omkhulu uPedro Salinas, xa wayefunda ezomthetho kwiYunivesithi yaseSeville (ngo-1919). Ngelo xesha, waqala wadibana nabanye ababhali ukongeza ekubhaleni incwadi yakhe yokuqala.
Ngo-1928 waya kusebenza eToulouse. Uya kuhlala ixesha elingangonyaka, kuba ngo-1929 waqala ukuhlala nokusebenza eMadrid. Kuyaziwa ukuba usebenze ukusukela ngo-1930 kwivenkile yeencwadi iLeón Sánchez Cuesta, ukongeza ekuhlambeni amagxa nabanye ababhali abanjengoFederico García Lorca, okanye uVicente Aleixandre. Kwakukho kwezo ntlanganiso kunye nababhali ULorca wamazisa kuSerafín Fernández Ferro kwi1931, umdlali oselula weba intliziyo wembongi. Ingxaki kukuba wayefuna imali yakhe kuphela eCernuda, kwaye, njengoko wayengaziva ephindiselwa, yayingumzuzu apho waphefumlela umbongo Apho ulibala luhlala khona (kunye neminye imibongo eyinxalenye yengqokelela igama elifanayo). Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-29 ubudala, nangona imibongo ihlelwa kwinqanaba lolutsha.
Ngapha koko, kuye kwafuneka ukuba ammake kakhulu kuba kungaziwa ukuba wayenolunye uthando ngaphandle kwalonto, ke kusenokwenzeka ukuba uthobele into awayibhalayo kumbongo walapho kuhlala khona ukulibala, usuka kude nothando kwaye ugxile ezinye iimvakalelo.