Uncwadi, ukutyhubela imbali, luneenyaniso ezininzi ezinomdla njengawo nawuphi na omnye umbandela. Namhlanje kwi Actualidad Literatura, siza kuphonononga ezinye zezi amanqaku anomdla wokubhala ukuze ungazi.
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Ubusazi…?
Umahluko phakathi kwendlela yokubhala yokubonisa kunye nesini
Amaxesha amaninzi, i-lyric ididekile kunye nevesi kunye neengxelo kunye neprose. Kuyinyani ukuba iifom zengoma zihlala zibhalwa kwivesi, njengokuba sidibanisa ingxelo kunye neprose kuba yindlela eqhelekileyo yokubonisa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba imibongo eyindumasi unyana ebalisayo kwivesi kuba basixelela ibali, kwaye kukho umsebenzi wombongo okanye iprozi yeengoma, apho umbhali aveza khona iimvakalelo zakhe,
Iprozi yeengoma, egcwele isingqisho kwaye ininzi kwizixhobo zoncwadi, isondele kakhulu kwindinyana yasimahla, nangona intetho ingahlulwanga ngokweevesi.
Kwelinye icala, indawo yemidlalo yeqonga inokubhalwa kwindinyana okanye kwiprozi, kuxhomekeke kukhetho lombhali okanye iifashoni kunye nezinto ezithandwa lixesha.
Zivela phi ezinye iindidi zeevesi?
El inokuvela Yivesi yemvelaphi yase-Italiya eyabandakanywa kwimitha yaseSpain ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ngenxa yomsebenzi wababhali abanjengoGarcilaso de la Vega kunye neBoscán. Kwelinye icala, aba babhali babini "babenetyala" kwaye babenoxanduva lokwazisa izitanza ezinje lira kunye Ubukumkani besibhozo kwimibongo yaseSpain.
El IAlexandrine, kwelinye icala, kunye dodecasyllable, Ziivesi zamaxesha aphakathi ezazingasasetyenziswanga, kude kube lixesha leNamhlanje, apho yayisetyenziselwa ulingo lwemibongo.
Ngokufanayo, i-sonnet ngumbongo wase-Italiya owaziswa ngokuqinisekileyo eSpain ngenxa yabalandeli bababhali bangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesihlanu, iMarquis yaseSantillana yayisele yenze umzamo wokuqala wokumhlalisa eCastilian kunye naye Iisonetshi zibhalwe ngomalukeke.
Ukuzalwa kwinoveli yanamhlanje
E-Spain, iinoveli zokuqala zale mihla ezibeka imigangatho yolo hlobo nguLazillo de Tormes, umsebenzi ongaziwayo ukusuka kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, kunye noDon Quixote, obhalwe nguMiguel de Cervantes ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Le misebenzi mibini yahlukile kwiinoveli zangaphambili ngokwenzeka kwamabali abo, ubunzulu babalinganiswa, kunye neendlela zokubalisela ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Imvelaphi yegama «inoveli»
Igama elithi inoveli livela Ixesha lesiTaliyane inoveli, ekhethe ingxelo emfutshane. E-Spain, ekuqaleni yayinentsingiselo eyahluka ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuyila iingxelo zobude obukhulu kunye nobunzima, intsingiselo enayo ngoku.
Luthini udonga lwesine?
Kulwimi lweqonga kubizwa njalo udonga lwesine Ukwahlula phakathi komelo kunye nabaphulaphuli, ngokubhekisele eludongeni olungekhoyo eqongeni kwaye oluvumela ababukeli ukuba babone okwenzekayo eqongeni. Olu donga lwentelekelelo alusekeli nje umda ngokwasemzimbeni phakathi kwabadlali nabaphulaphuli, kodwa lukwayindibano yoncwadi: lwahlula ubunyani kwiintsomi ezimelweyo. Eminye imisebenzi yeli xesha yaphula umda wodonga lwesine; Abadlali bangathetha okanye banxibelelane noluntu kwaye oku kungafikelela kwindawo.
Ukuzalwa komatshini wokushicilela kunye nobudlelwane bawo noBuntu
El Ubuntu Yazalelwa e-Itali njengombutho wobukrelekrele kwaye yasasazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX. I-Humanists iphinda ibuyise inkcubeko yase-Greece nase-Roma kwaye ikhuthaze ukuphuculwa kweelwimi zomthonyama zamazwe ahlukeneyo.
Ukuyilwa komatshini wokushicilela malunga ne-1450 ngamaJamani UJohannes Gutenberg Wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo ekusasazeni izimvo ezintsha. Abanini boomatshini bokushicilela babekade bengabantu, abenza oomasifundisane babo ukuba babe zizifundiswa eziyinyani apho bekuxutyushwa khona imibhalo yamandulo kunye notshintshiselwano ngezimvo nezimvo.
E-Spain oyena mntu ubalulekileyo kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX yayingu-Elio Antonio de Nebrija, umbhali Igrama yesiCastilian.
Ucinga ntoni ngezi datha zihambelana noncwadi? Ukuba unomdla, sazise kwaye siza kukunika ulwazi oluthe kratya olufana nolwanamhlanje.