Ababhali abangaphumelelanga ngembasa kaNobel yoNcwadi

Kunyaka apho I-Nobel Prize kwiNcwadi inqunyanyisiwe kwiminyaka eyi-117 yokulandelwa, uphonononge imbali yenye ye awona mabhaso abalulekileyo kwiileta usisindisile kwaba balandelayo ababhali abangaphumelelanga ngembasa kaNobel yoNcwadi. Ababhali abathi ngaphandle kwempumelelo ebalulekileyo kunye noluntu kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabo babehlala bengabagqatswa banaphakade kumadanyana.

UHaruki Murakami

Abo babhali abangazange bawine uMvuzo weNobel woNcwadi baziwa njenge «izidwangube ezilahlekileyo«. Uyilo apho uHaruki Murakami waseJapan engoyena mmeli ubalaseleyo. Umgqatswa ongunaphakade kwibhaso leSweden Academy kunye negama elivela minyaka le kumadanyana, umbhali weTokyo Blues kunye neKafka elunxwemeni ligutyungelwe ngabanye ababhali abanemvelaphi yaseJapan abaphumelele iNobel efana ne IKazuo Ishiguro. Phakathi kwezizathu zokuba uMurakami angavunyelwa ukuba afumane eli wonga, kukho iithiyori ezahluka-hlukeneyo, kubandakanya nenqanaba labathengisi abathengisa kakhulu ukuba imisebenzi yakhe iyiphumezile kwaye ayithandi kangako le Akhademi, okanye uphawu lwenoveli ekhanyayo eboniswe ngabagxeki abohlukeneyo ekuqaleni kwakhe indlela yakhe elula. Nangona kunjalo, siyathemba ukuba umbhali odumileyo waseJapan kwihlabathi liphumelele ibhaso ngenye imini.

Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, omnye wababhali abaphindayo kumadanyana eNobel Prize kuLwazi nguThiong'o, umbhali wemvelaphi yaseKenya Ikhusele inkcubeko yabantu baseKikuyu, ubugcisa bayo bokwenza, ulwimi kunye noncwadi ebusweni bokucinezelwa kwamagunya. Umbhali wemisebenzi esele iyinxalenye yembali yeAfrika yangoku njenge Ingqolowa yengqolowa okanye isincoko esinconywayo Dibanisa ingqondo, lo mbhali elubhacweni kwilizwe lakhe kufanele ukuba aphumelele iimbasa ngenxa yokusebenza kwakhe nzima njengommeli nelizwi kwilizwekazi elimnyama. Izizathu azikaziwa nangoku.

UJorge Luis Borges

Ukuba kukho umbhali waseLatin American ofanelwe yiNobel, yayinguJorge Luis Borges. UMenzi we iprozi eya kuhlala itshintsha umkhondo woncwadi lwenkulungwane yama-XNUMXI-Borges yavakala njengomgqatswa kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini ngaphambi kokusweleka kwakhe ngo-1986 ngaphandle kokuphumelela. Ngapha koko, unyaka igama lakhe elakhwaza kakhulu yayingu-1976, nangona Intlanganiso yakhe noPinochet ukuba ngoSeptemba 22 wamshiya ngokupheleleyo. Esinye isizathu sokucinga ukuba, njengoko kwenzekileyo ngombhali we-Aleph, abanye ababhali zange balifumane ibhaso ngenxa yezopolitiko.

I-Virginia Woolf

Ilungu lomboniso obhaliweyo waseLondon wee-20s kunye nomnye wabafazi abathi Uncede ukuhlanganiswa kobufazi Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoluntu, uVirginia Woolf kwafuneka agqithe ngexesha apho imachismo yayihlasela yonke into. Ngapha koko, ukungakwazi komfazi ukubhala kwihlabathi elilawulwa yindoda yayingumxholo ophambili isincoko sakhe esidumileyo Igumbi Elilelakhe, Umsebenzi owawuza kuphinda ufumaneke kwiminyaka ye-70s ngexesha lokuhamba kwamanina. Umbhali wemisebenzi ethandwayo njenge UNksk Dalloway okanye kwiNdlu yokuKhanya, UWoolf wadlula kwiAkhademi ngexesha apho umhlaba wawubonakala ungakulungelanga ukuvuza umbhali obhinqileyo.

Franz Kafka

Umbhali wemvelaphi yamaJuda yenye ye eyona inempembelelo kuncwadi lwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX ngokwenza amabali angaqhelekanga, asuswe ngokupheleleyo kwinto eyayikhulelwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Umbhali we Iinoveli Uvavanyo, Inqaba, Ukulahleka kunye neMetamorphosis edumileyoU-Kafka akazange awonge amabhaso kaNobel kuLwazi loncwadi, ngokweengcali, ngombono wombhalo iAkhademi ingekakulungeli oko. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha libonakalise ukuba ngumbhali onempembelelo kwijoggon kunye nemisebenzi yoncwadi.

U-Leo Tolstoy

Bathi ngexesha ukubhiyozelwa kweBhaso likaNobel lokuqala kuLwazi ngo-1901, i-Russian Leon Tolstoy yavakala njengomgqatswa ophambili ukuphumelela ibhaso. Nangona kunjalo, yawela kumbongi ongumFrentshi uSully Prudhome. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, emva kokupapashwa kwencwadi ngumfundi waseSweden uKjell Espmarkse owachaza izizathu ezakhokelela kwibhaso, kwafunyaniswa ukuba iAkhademi iyala ukumnika eli bhaso, ithathela ingqalelo umsebenzi wakhe "njengenkcaso ngokuchasene nenkcubeko" ngokunjalo Inkonzo kunye noRhulumente. Ukwalelwa ukuba umbhali we Imfazwe noxolo Uza kubonga, ebanga ukuba "ukhetha ukungayifumani imali ezele bububi."

UJames joyce

NgokukaGabriel García Márquez, UJames Joyce wayengumbhali onempembelelo kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Kodwa eyona iphambili yayikukukwazi kwakhe lungelelanisa iklasikhi efana neHomer's Odyssey ukuya kwi-1910s eDublin Ukunikezela ngenoveli evuselelayo kwaye mhlawumbi iyaphambuka kakhulu ngexesha layo. Ngapha koko, njengoko kuchaziwe ngumfundi osele ekhankanyiwe uKjell Espmark, "iAkhademi ibingalulungelanga olu hlobo lutsha loncwadi, ixhomekeke ngakumbi kwiileta zesintu." Umcebisi kwisizukulwana esisabhiyozela esidumileyo Usuku lweBlooms Rhoqo nge-16 kaJuni, uJoyce yenye yezona zinto zilityelweyo yikomiti yeNobel Prize.

UJulio Cortazar

Ngaphandle kwale nto kuthiwa "yi-Latin American boom" ekucingelwa ukuba ikwiminyaka yama-60s, uJulio Cortázar wayengumbhali owaguqula isimbo nendlela yokubalisa amabali. Umzekelo, umsebenzi wakhe uhlala Rayuela, eyayilucelomngeni kubafundi bexesha lakhe (nanamhlanje). Ngelo xesha, umbhali wabuzwa ukuba angathanda na ukuphumelela iBhaso likaNobel loNcwadi, uCortázar waphendula wathi "Ewe, ndingathanda ukulisebenzisa njengesixhobo sezopolitiko ngokuchasene nababhali baseLatin American abazithengisela ubu-fascism " Izizathu zokuba angaze ayiphumelele iNobel azicacanga, kodwa sinomdla wokuba iAkhademi ayizange ibathande ababhali bangachanekanga ngokwepolitiki NjengoCortázar.

Ngaba ucinga ukuba aba babhali bangaphumelelanga ngeBhaso likaNobel kuLwazi bafanele ibhaso? Ngabaphi abanye ababhali onokuthi ubabandakanye?