UNelle Harper Lee, umbhali 'wokubulala i-Mockingbird'
Ngaphandle kwempawu zayo zangoku xa kuthelekiswa noncwadi lwamanye amazwe emhlabeni, iAmerican igcwele amabali amnandi. Amabali avela kwimbali ephawulwe ngobukhoboka, inkqubela phambili okanye iparanoia ethi, ngandlela thile, ingameli kuphela ixesha elithile kwimbali yelizwe, kodwa nakwiNtshona. Ezi Iincwadi ezilungileyo zoncwadi lwaseMelika baba yimizekelo ebalaseleyo.
Ileta Ebomvu ebhalwe nguNathaniel Hawthorne
Ipapashwe ngo-1850, Ileta ebomvu ithathwa njengenye ye imisebenzi emikhulu kuncwadi North American. Ibekwe kwi-puritanical Boston kwi-1642, ibali libonisa uHester Prynne, umfazi okhulelweyo oxhonywe ngombala obomvu "A" njengomqondiso wokukrexeza kwakhe. Njengabalinganiswa besibini, inoveli inika uMfu Dimmesdale kunye nogqirha uRoger Chillingworth, eneneni ngumyeni kaHester onamajita. Incwadana yaguqulelwa kwisikrini ngo-1995 kunye noDemi Moore kunye nokugxeka ngokubanzi kubagxeki njengoko ifilimu yaba yinguqulelo "ekhululekile kakhulu" yeklasi yokubhala.
Ukuhamba noMoya, nguMargaret Mitchell
Ngo-1861, iUnited States yayilungiselela a Udabi lasekuhlaleni obutshintshe ubomi babantu abaninzi. Kule meko, abalinganiswa abanjengoScarlet O'Hara, umntwana owonakeleyo womnini wesityalo somqhaphu kwilizwe laseGeorgia imeko yakhe itshintsha ngokupheleleyo xa imfazwe nentshabalalo zingena ebomini bakhe. Inoveli, eyapapashwa ngo-1936, yaba yimpumelelo kwintengiso emva kwenkulumbuso ye- ukuziqhelanisa nomdlalo weqonga uVivien Leigh kunye noClark Gable eyayiza kukhutshwa emva kweminyaka emithathu.
Ngaba ungathanda ukufunda umke nogquthe?
Iidiliya Zomsindo, nguJohn Steinbeck
El Ukuqhekeka kwama-29 Yeyona ngxaki yezoqoqosho imbi kwimbali yayo e-United States, kugqwetha ngokupheleleyo inani labantu elanyanzelwa ukuba lithathe iindlela ezintsha. Lowo waxela Iidiliya Zomsindo Luhambo olude nolunothuli olwenziwe lusapho lakwaJoad, banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye imihlaba yabo yase-Oklahoma ngasemva ukuya kufikelela kumhlaba othenjisiweyo obizwa ngokuba yiCalifornia. Ukubonakaliswa kwesizukulwana kunye nenye ye ezona ziqendu zibalulekileyo zenkulungwane yama-XNUMX eUnited States, inoveli uphumelele ibhaso le-pulitzer ngo-1940 ukuze ube yiklasikhi yangoko nangoko.
ICatcher kwiRye, nguJD Salinger
Umsebenzi wengqungquthela yoncwadi lwaseMelika, Umbambisi kwirye yafika ngo-1951 ukuze ibe ngomnye wayo iinoveli ezininzi impikiswano yexesha lakhe. I-X-ray yokutshintsha kweMerika, umsebenzi kaSalinger ulandela emanyathelweni ka-Holden Caulfield, oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala osandul 'ukugxothwa kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwaye oziva enentiyo kwilizwe jikelele. Ulwimi oluvuselelayo kunye nokubhekisa kwisini, kwiziyobisi, okanye ekuhenyuzeni kwamenza incwadi enqatshelwe njengoko inomdla kwaye ikwangomnye wabathengisi abaphambili benkulungwane yamashumi amabini.
Fahrenheit 451, nguRay Bradbury
Okubandakanyiweyo ngaphakathi kuhlobo lwedystopi, Fahrenheit 451, ilingana nobushushu obungu-232,8 ºC yinoveli yefilosofi eyapapashwa ngo-1953 ethetha ngolawulo lwezihlwele. Ngokukodwa, kuluntu olwenziwe ngabacimi-mlilo abaphethe iincwadi ezitshisayo, kuba ezi zithathwa njengezinto ezinobungozi eluntwini. Umboniso wentelekelelo etsala iimpembelelo zomnye umbhali waseMelika omkhulu njenge Edgar Allan Poe kunye nefilimu yakhe esayinwe nguFrançois Truffaut ngo-1966.
Ukubulala iMockingbird nguHarper Lee
Cwangcisa ngexesha loxinzelelo olukhulu kwaye ukhuthazwe sisiganeko sobuntwana bukaLee, Bulala iMockingbird uthetha ngezihloko ezibuthathaka ezinje ubuhlanga nokudlwengula. Ibali eliphumelele amabhaso ePulitzer lixelela ityala elijongene negqwetha U-Atticus Finch, utyholwa ngokukhusela indoda enemibala etyholwa ngokudlwengula ibhinqa eliselula elimhlophe. Ngokukhawuleza, inoveli yaba yenye yezona zihlalutye kakhulu kwiikholeji nakwiiyunivesithi zaseMelika, nangona ezinye iingcali zikuthatha njengokubonakala kungathandekiyo kuluntu olumnyama, kuba kwamkelwe ngakumbi ngabantu abamhlophe. Uyilo lwenoveli lubhengezwe njengolulandelayo Hamba uthumele umlindi yapapashwa ngo-2015.
Endleleni, nguJack Kerouac
Kubhalwe kwiiveki ezintathu kuphela kwiphepha elidumileyo ngoku eligcinwe nguKerouac, Endleleni yayiyinto yasekuhlaleni nasekubhaleni emva kokupapashwa kwayo ngo-1957.isizukulwana sokubetha«, Umsebenzi yi-monologue apho umbhali ahlalutya khona iihambo ezenziwa eUnited States naseMexico kunye nabahlobo bakhe phakathi kuka-1947 no-1950. Umanduleli wendlela edumileyo 66 nakwindlela yokuphila ephawulwe yimpambano, ijezi okanye iziyobisi, i-En el camino yaba yenye yezona zinto zazinempembelelo ngexesha lazo, enye yeenguqu apho iingqondo zabantu abatsha zaqala ukuvula iindlela ezintsha kunye nendlela yokuphila.
Othandekayo nguToni Morrison
Ubukhoboka eMelika Sisiqendu esiye saphawula imbali yelizwe apho ubuhlanga busekhona. Ikwangumxholo uncwadi olwalungafane luye lwavakala kude kube kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo. Yiyo loo nto Bathandwa ngu-Toni Morrison wamkelwa emva kokupapashwa kwayo ngo-1987 njengencwadi eyimfuneko ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yathatha ixesha elide ukuba ifike. Ophumelele umvuzo we-pulitzer, inoveli iyatshintsha Iziganeko eziyinyani ezisekwe kwikhoboka uMargaret Garner Ebonisa uSethe, umfazi webala othi ngo-1856 ashiye isityalo saseKentucky apho ahlala khona ebukhobokeni ukuya e-Ohio, ethathwa njengelizwe elikhululekileyo.
Indlela, nguCormac McCarthy
UMcCarthy yenye ye Ababhali abaphambili baseMelika. Umbhali ohamba phakathi kobundlobongela obungenalo ilizwe laMadoda amaDala okanye ubuhlanga I-Sunset limited ukubheja kwinoveli ye-dystopi Indlela. Ukusekwa kwikamva elonakaliswe kukubulawa kwabantu ngenyukliya, inoveli ibalisa ngamava abuhlungu katata nonyana kwihlabathi eligcwele uthuli kunye namadoda anxanelwe inyama. Inoveli uphumelele amabhaso ePulitzer kunye neJames Tait Black Memorial Prize kwaye wayenolungelelwaniso lwefilimu obeludlala indima kaViggo Mortensen ngo-2009.
Zithini, ngokoluvo lwakho, ezona ncwadi zibalaseleyo kuncwadi lwaseMelika?
Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi ezona ncwadi zibalaseleyo kuncwadi lwaseLatin American?