Unokwenza ntoni ukuba ubunokuhlala iinyanga ezimbini? Udliwanondlebe noSantiago Díaz, umbhali weTalión

Siyavuya ukuba namhlanje kwibhlog yethu kunye USantiago Diaz Cortes (IMadrid, 1971), ngaphezulu kwe-500 zeempendulo zikamabonakude. USantiago ngu umbhali wenoveli mnyama ehambisa abafundi: Talion, ipapashwe yiPlaneta.

Talion Inoveli ephula amacebo ohlobo. Kudlala umlinganiso UMarta Aguilera, umfazi obandayo, onesizungu, onolwalamano olusandula ukuphela, olungenasapho, olungenalo ulwalamano ngokweemvakalelo. UMarta yintatheli kwaye, ngelixa ephanda uthungelwano lokurhweba ngezixhobo kwiphephandaba lakhe, ufumana iindaba eziza kutshintsha ikamva lakhe: ithumba lisongela impilo yakhe kwaye kunzima ukuba aphile iinyanga ezimbini. Into eyothusayo malunga nale meko kukuba uMarta Aguilera Uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa ezo nyanga zimbini ukwenza ubulungisa, esebenzisa umthetho weTalión.

Actualidad Literatura: inoveli, Talion, kunye nemibuzo emibini yomfundi: Unokwenza ntoni ukuba ubunokuhlala iinyanga ezimbini? Kwaye kusemthethweni ukusebenzisa umthetho wokuziphindezela kwizaphuli-mthetho eziphindaphindayo: oonogada, abagrogrisi, abathengisi babasetyhini, amaqela aneengcwangu ...

Yintoni oyilindeleyo kubafundi bakho xa befunda inoveli yakho? Loluphi utshintsho ofuna ukuluvelisa kuthi?

ISantiago Díaz Cortés: Njengoko sele utshilo, ndifuna ukuba umfundi abuze le mibuzo mibini. Ndicinga ukuba uninzi lwethu lunobudlelwane beemvakalelo, singachitha iinyanga ezimbini neentsapho zethu kunye nabahlobo. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba sikwazile ukulisusa eli candelo kwi-equation kwaye besiyedwa ngokwenene emhlabeni? Ngaba ngenene siya kulala elunxwemeni okanye sizame ukwenza uphawu? Andazi ukuba le nto yenziwa nguMarta Aguilera ilungile, kodwa lukhetho lwakhe. Ngokubhekisele kumbuzo wesibini, sonke ekuqaleni siphendula ukuba akufanelekile ukusebenzisa umthetho wokuziphindezela, kodwa njengoko kufundwa kuqhubeka kwaye sidibana namaxhoba kunye nabahlali, olo khuseleko lokuqala luyasilela kwaye sinokuzibona sinqwenela ukuba uMarta atshabalalise abantu ababi ngaphandle kwemfesane. Ekugqibeleni, ngaphandle kokuba nexesha elimnandi lokufunda ibali elinomdla, ndifuna ukunika abafundi ikhefu.

AL: Ngomxholo wobunzulu obunjalo kunye nemibuzo emibini ethe ngqo kwaye inzima, ufumene iimpendulo ezininzi? Ngaba kukho abafundi abaye babelana nawe malunga nento abanokuyenza?

I-SDC: Abafundi abaninzi beTalión baqinisekisa ukuba, kwimeko efanayo ne-protagonist, baya kuthatha i-scoundrels ezimbalwa ngaphambili. Ngokunyaniseka, ndiyakholelwa ukuba sithi ngenxa yomsindo ngamanye amaxesha osenza ukuba sibone ukuba ezinye izaphuli-mthetho ezinoxanduva lolwaphulo-mthetho olothusayo azihlawuli ngendlela ebesingathanda ngayo. Kodwa okwangoku, siphucukile kwaye sonke siyabuthemba ubulungisa, nangona ngamanye amaxesha singavumi kwaye siyokuqhankqalaza, into ebonakala iyimfuneko kum. Ukuba siwusebenzisile umthetho wokuziphindezela kwakhona, impucuko yethu ibingabuyela umva kwiinkulungwane ezininzi.

AL: Emva komnqweno kaMarta Aguilera wokuziphindezela kukho unxunguphalo kunye neemvakalelo ezenzakeleyo: ukusuka ekungathandekiyo koluntu phambi kwezenzo zenkohlakalo zobundlobongela ezingafumani sohlwayo kwisizungu ahlala kuso eshukunyiswa kukungakwazi ukuziva uvelwano. «Inyani yile yokuba andikhumbuli ndiziva ndinetyala ngayo nantoni na.»Ukuqinisekisa umlinganiswa ophambili ngexesha elinye kwinoveli.

Yintoni enzima kakhulu kwisigqibo sikaMarta? Yintoni eyenzekayo emntwini ukuze, esazi ukuba uza kungohlwaywa, athathe isigqibo sokusebenzisa umthetho weTalión kwaye enze ubulungisa apho ebona ukuba akukho nanye?

I-SDC: Eyona nto ityhala uMarta ukuba enze le nto ayenzayo, ngaphandle kokungabikho kovelwano olukhankanyileyo, ayinakamva kwaye ayizukubandezeleka ngenxa yezenzo zakhe, hayi yena okanye abo bamngqongileyo. Lonke ibali udibana nabalinganiswa abafuna umntu oza kwenza ubulungisa egameni labo kwaye into ethile ngaphakathi kwakhe iqala ukutshintsha. Ngequbuliso, kwaye mhlawumbi ngenxa yelo thumba, uqala ukuziva izinto kwabo bamngqongileyo, ufumana imvakalelo ebengayazi ngaphambili kwaye kubonakala ngathi ubathiyile abo babutshabalalisayo ubomi bakhe. Ke, njengoko esitsho, unquma ukushiya eli hlabathi ecoca ukungcola okuthile ...

AL: Inoveli inecala elingu-A, uMarta Aguilera, ezimisele ukunika iiveki zokugqibela zobomi bakhe ukuba enze ubulungisa kwezentlalo kunye no-B, uDaniela Gutiérrez, umhloli wamapolisa ophetheyo wokumgcina nangona ebekwa ityala lomsindo kunye nomnqweno wokuziphindezela. , emva kokubulawa komyeni wakhe nomnye wabantwana bakhe. Ngaba lo ngumbuzo wesithathu kumfundi, ngebebenze ntoni ukuba bebesezihlangwini zikaDaniela?

I-SDC: Kude kube lelo xesha silazi ibali lobuqu lika-Inspector Gutiérrez- ngaphandle kokubandezeleka njengamaxhoba anjengoNicoleta, uEric okanye uJesús Gala "Pichichi" - sikwazile ukuzigcina sikhuselekile ngokwasemphefumlweni, kodwa xa sasihamba noDaniela njengomfazi, sahlupheka no ububi bobubi kwaye saqala ukuzibeka endaweni yakhe. Yintoni ebesinokuyenza ukuba wehlelwe yintlekele ngqo? Umhloli uGutiérrez, ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe, uyazi ukuba kufuneka ahlale ngaphakathi komthetho, kodwa imfuneko yokuziphindezela ngamanye amaxesha inamandla kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuba azibambe. Oko kuyamsondeza kunombulali ekufuneka emlandele kwaye uyathandabuza ...

AL: Iimeko ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kwinoveli yakho. IMadrid yasebusuku, apho kungena khona imali phakathi kweziyobisi kunye nobuhenyu obutofotofo, kunye neMadrid yosizi, yabamelwane apho kuthengiswa iziyobisi kwaye abantwana bahlala belahliwe. Nokuba yinxalenye yelizwe laseBasque, eGuipúzcoa. Yintoni enamantla eSpain kwinoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho yokuba nokuba lixesha elincinci ufuna ukusondela kuyo?

I-SDC: Kum ngokwam, nokuba ndithumele abalinganiswa bam okanye ndizishukumise, ndiyayithanda inyakatho yeSpain ... nangona inyani yile yokuba kusezantsi. Ummangaliso welizwe lethu kukuba sinayo yonke into esiyifunayo ngaphakathi kwelitye. Emantla ndiyayonwabela imo yezulu, ukutya kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba, kwaye emazantsi ndiyalonwabela ulwandle kunye nokukhanya. Idolophu yedolophu kulapho ndihlala khona kwaye apho uninzi lweTalión lwenzeka khona, kodwa safudukela kwilizwe laseBasque ukuxoxa ngomcimbi we-ETA. Inxalenye yembali yethu yakutshanje kwaye, ngaphandle kokuzisola, sililizwe elihambele phambili kwaye ndikholelwa ekubeni akufuneki sizihlole. Zonke ezinye iimeko endizibonisayo, ezinye zazo zingacacanga njengeLa Cañada Real, zikhona ngokwenene. Ukufunda kuphela kwendlela yokungena kwezo ndawo kwaye uzive ukhuselekile.

AL: Ngaba siya kuze simbone uMhloli uDaniela Gutiérrez kwiinoveli zakho?

I-SDC:  Nangona ingekaqiniseki, ndingathi ewe, nokuba ngaba inxenye yesibini yeTalión okanye imeko entsha ayinanto yakwenza neli bali. Ndicinga ukuba ndikwazile ukwenza umlinganiswa onamandla kakhulu abafundi abaninzi abangathanda ukukubona kwakhona kwindawo yolwaphulo-mthetho.

AL: Amaxesha otshintsho kubafazi: ubufazi kuye kwaba yinto enkulu, ngumcimbi kuninzi hayi nje kumaqela amancinci amabhinqa abekelwe amabala ngenxa yalo. Abalinganiswa ababini ababhinqileyo kwinoveli yakho yokuqala, umbulali kunye namapolisa. Uthini umyalezo wakho eluntwini malunga nendima yamakhosikazi kunye nendima esiyidlalayo ngeli xesha?

I-SDC: Ndiyakholelwa ukuba sisondela mzuzu apho singakhange sibethwe yinto yokuba umongameli welizwe, umlawuli welizwe jikelele okanye nokuba ngumbulali obulalayo ngabafazi. Xa siyekile ukuthetha ngayo, kuya kuba xa siphumelele ngenene ukulingana okusachasayo kwezinye iinkalo. Ngethamsanqa, imachismo iyapheliswa kancinci kancinci kude kufike umhla wokunyamalala ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kuyinyani ukuba amadoda ahlala esoyika. Mna ngokwam ndiyathandabuza kolu dliwanondlebe ukuba ndibhekise kwabo bathenga iTalión njengabafundi okanye njengabafundi, kwaye oko akusincedi ukuba siqhelanise imeko nokuba yeyiphi, endicinga ukuba, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, yinto ekufuneka siyinqwenele.

AL: Emva kokubhala iskripthi kuthotho olunempumelelo kakhulu kwaye uninzi lwazo lubanzi kakhulu kwizahluko ezinje ngeEl Secreto de Puente Viejo, ekhatshwa liqela lababhali bencwadi, ngaba ukhe wabuva ubulolo bombhali wenoveli?

I-SDC: Ewe.Xa ubhala iskripthi, uhlala uyinxalenye yeqela kwaye unabalingane onokuthetha nabo ngezi ziqendu, kuba sonke sithetha ulwimi olunye kwaye sihamba kwicala elinye. Ngexesha lokubhalwa kukaTalión, nangona bendinomninawa wam uJorge (okwangumbhali kunye nombhali wescreen) kunye neqabane lam ukuba bavakalise ukuthandabuza kwam, kuya kufuneka wenze izigqibo uwedwa. Kwelinye icala, ukubhala inoveli ngaphandle kwemida ejikeleze uthotho lukamabonakude okanye imovie (uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, abalingisi, iiseti ...) kundonwabisile. Ndiyonwabele inkululeko ebendingayazi ukuba ndingathini.

AL: Unjani uSantiago Díaz njengomfundi? Yeyiphi le ncwadi uyikhumbulayo ngothando olukhethekileyo, ekuthuthuzelayo ngokuyibona eshelfini yakho kwaye uphinde uyifunde kwakhona amaxesha ngamaxesha? Nawuphi na umbhali onomdla kuye, ngaba uhlobo oluthengayo kuphela okupapashiweyo?

I-SDC: Ndiyathanda ukufunda yonke into evela kwinoveli zembali (Ndizibhengeza ndinomdla ngoSantiago Posteguillo kunye neetrilogies zakhe malunga nabalawuli baseRoma) kwimincili kaManel Loureiro, imibongo kaMarwan (endandingamazi kude kube kutshanje, kodwa ndiyavuma ukuba ndifumene kuye into ekhethekileyo uloyiko lukaStephen King kwaye, ewe, inoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho. Kule ntsimi ndibathanda ababhali abaninzi, ukusuka kwiiklasikhi ezinje ngoAgatha Christie, uArthur Conan Doyle, uPatricia Highsmith, uJames Ellroy okanye uTruman Capote kuDon Winslow, uDennis Lehane ... Ngokumalunga nababhali baseSpain, kunyanzelekile ukukhankanya uManuel Vázquez UMontalbán, uLorenzo Silva, uDolores Redondo, uAlicia Giménez Bartlett, uJuan Madrid, uEva García Sáenz de Urturi ...

Incwadi endikhe ndiyifunde amaxesha ngamaxesha yile "Amanani endlovu" ngumninawa wam uJorge Díaz, enye yeenoveli ezimnandi endakha ndazifumana ebomini bam bonke, ndiyinyani.

Umbhali wam endimthandayo… Phambi kukaPaul Auster, kodwa ngoku sinomsindo.

AL: Incwadi yedijithali okanye iphepha?

I-SDC: Iphepha, kodwa ndiyaqonda ukuba ngamanye amaxesha idigital iyonwaba ngakumbi, kuba kwimizuzu embalwa unayo yonke into oyifunayo.

AL: Ukubhala ngobugebenga: Iqonga lababhali abatsha eliza kwaziwa okanye umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwimveliso yoncwadi?

I-SDC: Umonakalo ongenakulungiswa kwimveliso yoncwadi kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, kubabhali. Ndiyaqonda ukuba abantu bafuna ukugcina i-euro ezimbalwa, kodwa sihlala eluntwini kwaye kufuneka uphucukile kwaye ucinge ngomzamo owenziwayo ukubhala inoveli ukuze kamva, ngonqakrazo lweqhosha, ligqekeziwe kwaye wonke umsebenzi yonakele. Ubuqhetseba bochungechunge, iimuvi, umculo okanye iincwadi kufuneka zilandelwe ngokungqongqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwandenza ndahlekisa kakhulu ukuthetha ngenye imini nomqhubi weteksi owayekhalaza malunga nabaqhubi babucala abakhwelisa abakhweli, bebabiza ngokuba ngabaphangi ngenxa yokuba bengahlawuli rhafu, kodwa kamva wavuma engenazintloni ukuba wayephanga uthotho lukamabonakude.

 AL: Imeko yemithombo yeendaba zentlalo yenza iintlobo ezimbini zababhali, abo bazalayo kunye nabo bazithandayo. Leliphi elona candelo libalulekileyo kuwe, elokuba unxibelelwano ngobuninzi okanye lombhali onesizungu okhetha umsebenzi wakhe ukuba umthethelele?

I-SDC: Ndiyabacaphukela kwaye ndikwachitha ixesha elininzi kunye nabo. Ndineakhawunti enye kuphela ye-Facebook endingayisebenzisiyo, nangona ndiqala ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo. Ndinqwenela ukuba ndingabahoyi, kodwa ndiyoyika ukuba ndiza kunikezela kubo kungekudala okanye kamva… (i-PS: enyanisweni, sele ndoyisile ndavula iakhawunti ye-Twitter:

AL: Ngawaphi amaxesha okhethekileyo omsebenzi wakho okhe waphila kwaye lawo ufuna ukulibona? Abo ungathanda ukubaxelela ngenye imini abazukulwana bakho.

I-SDC: Enye yezona zinto zazibaluleke kakhulu xa ndafumana umnxeba wokuqala ovela kuPuri Plaza, umhleli wam wePlaneta, endixelela ukuba iTalión ifundiwe kwaye wayenomdla. Kwangosuku endafumana ngalo ikopi yam yokuqala endlwini yam, endathi ndabona iqabane lam liba nemincili xa ndifunda ukwamkelwa kwaye, ewe, intetho-ntsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo e-El Corte Inglés Centre, apho ndandingqongwe abahlobo bam.

Yintoni ezayo andiyazi, kodwa ndiyathemba ukuba izinto zenzeka kum ubuncinci zilungile ...

AL: Ukuvala, njengesiqhelo, ndiza kukubuza owona mbuzo ubalulekileyo umbhali anokuwubuza: Kutheni ubhala?

I-SDC: Okokuqala, kuba andicingi ngeyona ndlela ibhetele yokufumana imali kunokubalisa amabali. Andazi ukuba umbhali uzelwe okanye wenziwe, into endinokukuqinisekisa ngayo kukuba andazi ukuba ndingayenza njani enye into kwaye ngaphandle koku andizukuvuya kakhulu. Phambi kwebhodibhodi yindlela endikwazi ngayo ukuzithetha.   

Enkosi uSantiago Díaz Cortés, ndikunqwenelela impumelelo emininzi kuwo onke amacala akho, ukuba i-streak ingayeki kwaye, emva kokuba usirhintyele TalionSijonge phambili kwinoveli yakho elandelayo.