Ubushushu.
Ubushushu (2015) yinoveli ngumbhali waseSpain uMaría Dueñas. Uthathwa "njengombhali osekude", njengoko waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40. Ukuqala kwakho, Ixesha phakathi kwemisonto (2009) wathengisa izigidi zeekopi kwaye waguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezingamashumi amathathu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, yonke imisebenzi yakhe yamva nje ithelekisiwe neyokuqala.
Kubo babhali abanjongo ikukuphuhlisa amakhondo emisebenzi exesha elide- ngaphezulu kwencwadi enye- oku kunokuba yingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana incwadi yokuqala ethengiswa kakhulu kubonisa uxolo lwengqondo lwezezimali. Kuthetha "ukukwazi ukuphila ngokubhala" (kunye nomgangatho wobomi obulungileyo). Ke, Owona mceli mngeni ku-Dueñas namhlanje kukuzigqwesa.
Malunga nombhali: UMaría Dueñas
U-Dueñas wazalwa ngo-1964 ePuertollano, idolophu eseCastilla-La Mancha, kumbindi weSpain. Ungugqirha kwiFilosofi yesiNgesi, waphumelela kwiDyunivesithi yaseMurcia, apho anguprofesa opheleleyo kwiFakhalthi yeeleta. Ukuthetha inyani, kuye kwakho ixesha elincinci elichithwe kwigumbi lokufundela ukusukela oko langena kwilizwe lokupapasha.
Ngoku, akwanelanga ukuba abhale rhoqo, kufuneka abekho kwaye avele kwiinkomfa zoonondaba, kwimiboniso yeencwadi, asayine ii-autographs ... Ngo-2009 yaqhubeka ukuthengiswa Ixesha phakathi kwemisonto, inoveli yembali ebekwe ngexesha leMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain. Igcwele iinkcukacha zokwenyani kunye neprose ekhawuleze yathimba abafundi abathetha iSpanish.
Ukuqwalaselwa kokuqala
U-Dueñas ukwazile ukugcina isitayile sakhe esingacacanga nesiethe-ethe kwiilwimi “ezirhabaxa” ezinje ngeJamani okanye isiNgesi. Ixesha phakathi kwemisonto Kwakuyinto yokuqala yokuqatshelwa kwirekhodi lakhe elitsha njengombhali. Ngo-2010, yamzisela isiXeko saseCagagena Prize yeeNoveli zeMbali. Emva kwexesha, wafumana iMbasa yeNkcubeko yoLuntu lwaseMadrid, kudidi loNcwadi, ngonyaka ka-2011.
Incwadana yakhe yesibini ibuye ibeke ibha ephezulu kakhulu, Umbono ulibale (2012), nangona ibingomnye umthengisi othengisa kakhulu, waphoxa uninzi lwabafundi bayo. Kuphela ngabafundi abangazange bazi kuqala iihambo zikaSira Quiroga (ophambili wenoveli yokuqala) abagqibe bonelisekile leli bali. Ukuvuka okushiywe ngumthungi omncinci osisinyanzelo ukuba ashiye iMadrid ngaphambi kwemfazwe kunamandla kakhulu.
Iintombi zikaKapteni
UMaria Ngenxa.
Kwi-2018 yafikelela kwiivenkile ezithengisa iincwadi Iintombi zikaKapteni. Kubagxeki kwakuthetha uxolelwaniso lokugqibela olubonakalayo lokugqibela luka-Dueñas kunye no "fandom" wakhe. Inkqubo yaqala kwiminyaka emithathu ngaphambili nge Uqhwithela. Zombini ezi mpapasho zibonisa umzekelo ocacileyo wemeko enomdla kakhulu kwihlabathi lanamhlanje leeleta.
Luhlobo lwe "Inkqubo yeenkwenkwezi", Ezibelana ngokufana kakhulu neHollywood kunye nomdlalo bhanyabhanya. Okanye nangakumbi ngoku, leyo yeNetflix kunye noluhlu lwayo. Abalandeli abanomsindo nabaphoxekileyo kuyo yonke indawo, nezikhalazo ezingapheliyo kwimidiya yoluntu (ikakhulu kuFacebook) nakwiiforamu zewebhu.
Amabali ukwanelisa abalandeli?
Impumelelo yangoko nangoko ayothusi xa ikwahlala nje okwexeshana. Oku akunjalo ngoMaría Dueñas. I-Spanish izuze indawo yayo phakathi kwababhali be-subgenre ebhaptizwe licandelo elithile njenge "noveli yangoku." Ke ngoko, nangona Ixesha phakathi kwemisonto iyaqhubeka njengomsebenzi wayo obalaseleyo, ayingombhali wencwadi enye.
Ubushushu: EMexico, eHavana, eJerez de la Frontera
Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Ubushushu
Amaxesha amathathu ahluke ngokucacileyo. Imimandla emithathu ibonakala ngokungafaniyo komnye nomnye, kodwa kuninzi ngokufanayo ngaphaya kolwimi olwabelwana ngalo. Kwimizuzu yokuqala yenoveli iimeko ezinokuthandeka zibonakala krwaqu: uthando, ukungcatsha, intlekele nokubawa. Kodwa emva kokuqhubela phambili kwizahluko ezimbalwa ebalini, ubunzulu besakhiwo buyabonakala.
Oku kungasentla kwenzeka ubukhulu becala ngenxa yolwakhiwo olwenziwe yi-Dueñas yabalinganiswa bayo: ntathu-ntathu, ukutshintsha (kwaye engalindelekanga, ekugqibeleni). Ngamanqwanqwa aliqela abekiweyo okanye asuswe ngokweemeko, kude nokuqwalaselwa kweManichean. Konke ukushwankathela abo baphambili kwigama elinye: abantu.
Iyelenqe: ibali lokoyisa ... kunye nokoyisa
Phezulu (ngaphandle kwenjongo yokubonisa ukusetyenziswa kweli gama), libali lendoda eqinileyo, esebenza nzima kunye nenomdla, Mauro Larrea: onyanzelwa hayi kube kanye, kodwa kabini ukoyisa ezona ngxaki zinzima. "Inzala yothando" ibonakalisa phantsi kwegama elithi Soledad Montalvo. Umfazi uhlengahlengisiwe kwi-protagonist njenge "yokugqibela yezihlangu."
Uyakwazi ukuyalela inyathelo ngalinye lendlela kwaye alindele ukuhamba okulandelayo. Kuphakathi kwaba balinganiswa babini-ngokuyimfuneko bomlinganiswa ophambili- ukuvusa ukungavisisani kobuninzi bebali kukhutshwa. Iimpawu ezifana nokuzimisela kunye nokunyaniseka zihlala zivavanywa. Ukuqina kungaphezulu kokuqonda nje.
Uhlalutyo kunye nokuphononongwa komsebenzi
Abalinganiswa "abanye"
Iindawo zii-protagonists. Iintlango abasebenzi basezimayini abasentla eMexico ngethuba lobongameli bukaBenito Juárez. La Habana, intywenka yemali kwaye ngokungazi ngokungakhathali iyala nayiphi na imbono enxulumene nokufuna inkululeko okanye ukuphelisa ubukhoboka. UJerez, Esinye sezixeko ezimbalwa esasinda ukopha kwezoqoqosho okwenzeka ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba eSpain ngenxa yokulahleka phantse kwawo onke amathanga aseMelika.
Aba ngabalinganiswa abathile abathatha icala ngaphakathi Ubushushu. UMaría Dueñas, njengoko ekhulisa iprozi yakhe ecothayo kunye nobunono, akukho zinkcukacha zigcinwayo ukuchaza le mimandla mithathu. Ikwavavanya ixesha lembali elenzeka kulowo nalowo.
Uhambo lweemvakalelo Ubushushu
Ibinzana likaMaría Dueñas.
Ababukeli bazibonela ngokwabo ukungahambi kunye nobunewunewu abemi babo ababandezeleka okanye abonwabisayo. Ukongeza kukhenketho olubonakalayo, eyona nto iphambili kuMaría Dueñas kwi Ubushushu ibikukuvusa kumfundi isandi esicacileyo, uhambo olumnandi nolunomdla.
Ubushushu, Inoveli kwi "slow slow"?
Ubushushu Libali elinokucotha kweziganeko. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba abanye abafundi babe nesithukuthezi kwaye baphelelwe lithemba, bazimisele ukulishiya ibali ngexesha lesiqingatha sokuqala. Kodwa nje ukuba abalinganiswa bakhe bahambe ngesikhephe baye kwiCaribbean (kuqala) ukuwela iAtlantic kwakhona (kamva), iyelenqe lifumana isantya sokungakhathali kude kube sekupheleni.
Umonde omncinci awenzakalisi ukonwabela iprozi ye-Dueñas njengoko kufanelekile. Yakhelwe ukuba igcinwe ngokuzolileyo. Ngaphandle kokungoneliseki okwenziwe kwangoko kumaqonga anjenge-Twitter okanye i-Instagram. Kufuneka uthathe ixesha elaneleyo lokonwabela oko. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, njengoko watshoyo uJulio Cortázar, "inoveli ihlala iphumelela ngamanqaku" ...