UJoseph Sheridan Le Fanu wazalwa ngomhla onje namhlanje 1814 en Dublin. Waqala ukubhala amabali othusayo ngonyaka emva kokugqiba izifundo zakhe kwiKholeji yaseTrinity, nangona wayezinikezele lolwazi ukuba akwazi ukudibanisa noncwadi. Ithathelwa ingqalelo ubawo Kwabizwa ngokuba amabali esiporho. Kwakhona wapapasha Iinoveli ezingama-14 kunye neengxelo zakhe ze-vampires, ICarmilla, sisihloko sakho eyaziwa kakhulu. Olu luphononongo lomsebenzi wakhe.
UJoseph Sheridan Le Fanu
Uyise, owayengumfundisi waseHuguenot, wamthumela kwiKholeji yaseTrinity yaseDublin eyokufundela ubugqwetha. Kodwa uLe Fanu akazange asebenze njengegqwetha kwaye wazinikezela kubuntatheli. Ibiyi umbhali wemibongo emininzi, iibhaladi kunye namabali amafutshane ukuba wayipapasha kwi Imagazini yeYunivesithi yaseDublin, apho wagqibela ngokuba ngumlawuli kunye nomnini.
Xa umfazi wakhe wasweleka Ngo-1858, uLe Fanu uthathe umhlala-phantsi kubomi boluntu ukuze abe ngumbhali wamasiko asebusuku kunye nokuthanda ubugqi, kangangokuba waziwa njengeNkosana engabonakaliyo. Iqwalaselwa njengenye ye iinkosi ezinkulu zoloyiko olungaphaya kwendalo ukusukela kwixesha lama-Victorian.
ICarmilla
Yapapashwa okokuqala kule magazini Luhlaza-mnyama kwi1871 kwaye kuphawula ukujika ekudalweni kwe vampire yabasetyhini kuncwadi lwehlabathi. Yeyona nto owona msebenzi udumileyo nguLe Fanu kunye nomnye wabo bacingelwa ukuba ziinkosi zohlobo lwe-gothic horror. Kunye umlinganiswa ophambili onomdlaIkwavela ngokusebenza kwayo kunye nolwakhiwo olukhulu lwabanye abalinganiswa kunye indawo kumnyama, kuhlala kuphakathi kwenkungu yemini nobusuku. Yi Umzekelo we Draculangu-Bram Stoker, owayengazukuvela de kube phantse iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kamva.
Awazi ukuba ndikuthanda kangakanani, kwaye awunakucinga ukuzithemba okukhulu. Kodwa ndiboshwe ziivoti ezimbalwa; Akukho nongendi ubenze baba sisiqingatha esoyikeka. Kwaye andinabuganga bokubalisa ibali lam, nditsho nakuwe. Liyeza ixesha apho kuya kufuneka nazi yonke into. Uya kundicinga ndikhohlakele kwaye ndizicingela kakhulu, kodwa uthando luhlala luzingca; Okukhona unomdla, kokukhona uzingca. Awuyazi indlela endinomona ngayo. Kuya kufuneka uhambe nam, undithande, de ndife okanye undizonde, kodwa hlala nam, kwaye ndonyanye emva nasemva kokufa. Akukho lizwi ngokungakhathali kwimeko yam yokungakhathali.
Oovimba abagcina uGqirha Hesselius
Lo ngumthamo odibanisa amabali amane kula mahlanu uLe Fanu awabhalayo malunga nogqirha oyingcali kwimicimbi yobugqi, uMartin Hesselius, umlinganiswa owandulelayo naye ovela ku-Bram Stoker uVan Helsing okanye u-John Silence ka-Algernon Blackwood.
Ndakanya: Itiye elihlaza, ngohlobo lwebali le-epistolary apho uGqirha Hesselius azokuphanda khona ngemibono yobudemon ekhokelela ukuba uMfundisi uJennings azibulale; Oqhelekileyo, elinye lamabali akhe aphumelele kakhulu; UMgwebi uHarbottle, malunga neziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kwindlu enezipokotho eWestminster; naba sele bekhankanyiwe ICarmilla.
Isiprofeto sikaCloostedd
Ibalisa ibali le usukuzwano lwamandulo phakathi kweentsapho ezimbini Ukusuka kwidolophu encinci eNgilane, iGolden Friars, nakwi-a impindezelo eyoyikekayo. Mnumzana IBale Mardykes, I-baronet ebawayo, utyhola unobhala wakhe oselula UPhillip waziva yokunyamalala kwenqaku lebhanki. Ngelishwa, uPhillip ubaleka endlwini phakathi kwesiphango esikhulu kwaye kungekudala emva kokufunyanwa echibini elikufutshane.
Malume uSilas
Omnye wale misebenzi, ngohlobo lwenoveli eyimfihlakalo enkulu, apho ubuchule kunyango kunye nokuthomalalisa uloyiko awayenalo lubonakaliswa Le Fanu. Ke, nge ithoni yokuqala ye-nostalgic ekuqaleni kwebali malunga neenkumbulo zenenekazi ebuntwaneni, iphela ngokukhokelela umfundi kwisiphelo esibi apho a eyoyikisayo ukubulala.
Indlu ecaleni kwamangcwaba
Cwangcisa ifayile ye Inkulungwane XVIII, kwilali yaseIreland ebizwa ngokuba yiChapelizod, enobomi bentlalo obuzele ngamayelenqe, ubudlelwane obunoburharha kunye neziganeko ezingaqhelekanga, le noveli isixelela ngokwenzekayo xa Ngengozi ndavula ukakayi ngeempawu ezibonakalayo zobundlobongela njengomngxunya.