Wazalwa ngosuku olufana nanamhlanje kwiminyaka eli-115 eyadlulayo, wayenza ngaphakathi Motihari, ithanga laseBritane Indiya , naphantsi kwegama lika U-Eric Arthur Blair. Emva kwexesha wayeza kuba ngumbhali odumileyo kunye nentatheli esiyaziyo namhlanje phantsi kwepseudonym George Orwell. Kwaye wayengumbhali weencwadi ezaziwayo nezinefuthe elikhulu kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX, ezinje 1984 o Uvukelo efama. Ndikhumbula inani lakhe ngokukhethwa kwakhe amabinzana kunye neziqwengana.
George Orwell
Phakathi kwezinye izinto kunye nokuzonwabisa ebomini bakhe, u-Orwell wayekwi Amapolisa aseIndiya kuba wayengenayo imali yokuya eyunivesithi. Wahlala ngaphakathi EParis y Londres, ndifundisa njengomfundisi-ntsapho wesikolo kwaye ndisebenza njengomncedisi kwivenkile ethengisa iincwadi esele zisetyenzisiwe I-Hampstead Heath, eLondon. Kodwa waphela eyintatheli, ethatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain, wasebenzela i Inkonzo yaseMpuma de la BBC kwaye wayengumhleli wemihlathi kunye nomhleli wokubhala kwiphephancwadi yenkulungwane.
Imisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa kakhulu, kwaye isasebenza nanamhlanje, ngokungathandabuzekiyo ikhankanywe ngasentla 1984 y Uvukelo efama, uhlalutyo olucacileyo kunye nokugxeka amaxesha anzima awayephila kuwo, apho i-impiriyali kunye nolawulo lobuzwilakhe lwalugcwele. Kodwa kukwakho nezinye izihloko ezinje Akukho mhlophe eParis naseLondon o Iintsuku zaseBurma.
Iziqwengana kunye namabinzana
1984
Ukuba inkokeli ithi ngesiganeko esinje khange yenzeke, khange yenzeke. Ukuba ithi babini kwaye babini babe bahlanu, ze babini babe babini babe bahlanu. Eli themba lindikhathaza kakhulu kuneebhombu.
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Uzwilakhe awumiselwanga ukukhusela inguquko; Inguquko yenziwa ukuseka uzwilakhe.
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Ukuba banokundenza ndiyeke ukukuthanda ... iya kuba kukungcatsha okwenyani.
Uvukelo efama
Ingxolo yaphela kungekudala. Iihagu ezine zilindile, zingcangcazela kwaye zinetyala ezibhalwe kuwo wonke umjelo wobuso bazo. UNapoleon wanyanzelisa ukuba bavume amatyala abo. Zazingulaahagu zine ezazikhalaze ngethuba uNapoleon ephelisa iintlanganiso zangeCawa. Ngaphandle kwesinyanzelo, bavuma ukuba bebenxibelelana ngokufihlakeleyo no-Snowball okoko wagxothwayo, bamncedisa ekutshatyalalisweni komatshini wokugaya, bavuma ukunikezela "iFama yezilwanyana" kuMnumzana Frederick. Bongeze ngelithi u-Snowball uvumile, ngokufihlakeleyo, ukuba wayeyigosa eliyimfihlo lika Mnu. Jones iminyaka emininzi. Bakuba begqibile ukuvuma izono zabo, izinja, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, zawakrazula umqala kwaye, uNapoleon, ngelizwi elothusayo, wabuza ukuba ngaba esinye isilwanyana sinento esivumayo na.
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Masibone ke mawethu: Buyintoni ubunyani bobubomi bethu? Masijongane nayo: ubomi bethu bunzima, bunzima kwaye bufutshane. Sizalwe, basinika ukutya esikudingayo ukuze sizigcine, kwaye abo kuthi banakho ukusebenza basinyanzela ukuba senze njalo kwi-athomu yokugqibela yamandla ethu; kwaye ngalo mzuzu singasasebenzi, basibulala ngenkohlakalo eyoyikisayo. Akukho silwanyana eNgilani siyaziyo intsingiselo yolonwabo okanye ubuvila emva kokuba nonyaka ubudala. Akukho silwanyana sasimahla eNgilane. Ubomi besilwanyana bububi kuphela kunye nobukhoboka; Le yinyaniso.
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Imfazwe yimfazwe. Oyena mntu ulungileyo ngulo ufileyo.
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Zonke izilwanyana ziyafana, kodwa ezinye ziyalingana kunezinye.
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Izilwanyana ezothusayo zatshintsha ukujonga kwazo ukusuka kwihagu zaya emntwini, nakumntu ukuya kwihagu; kwaye kwakhona ukusuka kwihagu ukuya emntwini; kodwa kwakusele kunzima ukwahlula ukuba ngubani omnye nokuba ngubani omnye.