ULaura Gallego.
Intili yeengcuka (1999) yayiyincwadi yesibini epapashiweyo ngumbhali waseSpain uLaura Gallego García. Isihloko saba sisiqalo sokuqala setetralogy Imbali yenqaba. Ezinye iincwadi ezikolu ngcelele zezi Isiqalekiso senkosi, Umnxeba wabafileyo y UFenris elf. Eyokugqibela ibalisa ngeziganeko ngaphambi kokuqala kwayo yonke i-saga (prequel).
Ukukhululwa kokuqala komhleli kukaGallego, UFinis mundi, kwakuthetha ukubhalwa kwamaphupha (iBarco de Vapor Award kwi-SM yoHlelo). Kaninzi, Intili yeengcuka ibonakalise ukungena kwisitayile ngaphakathi kuhlobo lwentelekelelo. Ngapha koko, namhlanje umbhali waseValencian uthathwa njengomlinganiso wokufundwa kwabantwana kunye noncwadi olumnandi lolutsha ngeSpanish. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokufunda, kuyaphawulwa ukuba kuya kubakho nabaphangi.
Umbhali, uLaura Gallego García
Uzalelwe eCuart de Poblet, eValencia, nge-11 ka-Okthobha ka-1977. Wafumana ubizo njengombhali okwishumi elivisayo, ukusukela oko akaphumelelanga ukuthumela iincwadi ezingaphezu kweshumi kubapapashi abohlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzingisa kwakhe kwahlawulwa ngo-1998, xa iqela elipapasha i-SM lapapasha UFinis mundi. Ngeli xesha, wafumana isidanga sobugqirha kwi-Hispanic Philology kwiYunivesithi yaseValencia.
Iintlobo kunye nesimbo
Kumashumi amabini eminyaka yomsebenzi wobuchule, UGallego uye wangena kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Iqale ngenoveli eyimbali-emnandi (UFinis mundi). Emva koko wazama inzululwazi (Iintombi zikaTara, 2002) kunye Iingcamango ezintle (kunye ne-trilogy Iinkumbulo zikaIdhun, 2004-2006). Kukwaphawuleka izihloko zakhe ezininzi kuncwadi lwabantwana.
Umbhali waseSpain uvelise itekisi ethile yoncwadi ngothotho USara kunye nabadlali (ukuhanjiswa oku-2009 okusungulwe ngo-2010 nango-41). Sisaga esinconywayo kakhulu ngendlela esondela ngayo kwimicimbi efana nokulingana ngokwesini, ucalucalulo kunye nokuzonwabisa kwezemidlalo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uLaura Gallego upapashe iincwadi ezingama-XNUMX zizonke.
Izihloko
Kuzo zonke iintlobo ezichaziweyo, umbhali waseValencian uhlala enika ukufaneleka kwe Molweni. Ngokuhambelana, umsonto obalisayo kunye nezizathu zabalinganiswa zilawulwa ziimvakalelo, ngamayelenqe kunye nenzondo. Oko kukuthi, izizathu ezizenzekelayo (zabalinganiswa abaphambili) ngokubanzi zithatha indawo ephambili ngaphezulu kweenjongo ezinje ngembeko, ubulungisa okanye uxanduva.
Olunye lawona lawulo lubalaseleyo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwekhondo lakhe
- U-El Barco de Vapor uNcwadi lwaBafundi boNcwadi ngo-2002, ka Igosa likaKumkani ojikelezayo.
- ICervantes Chico Award (ngo-2011).
- Umvuzo weSizwe waBantwana noNcwadi lwaBantu aBancinci ngo-2012. Oku, yincwadi yakhe Apho imithi icula khona.
- Imaginamalgama Award 2013, Incwadi yamasango.
- Imbasa yeKelvin 505 2016.
Uhlalutyo El Intili de Los iindlovu
Intili yeengcuka.
Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Intili yeengcuka
Ubume nomxholo
Inoveli inezizahluko ezili-14 kunye noluhlu. Ngokukwanjalo, ibali libekwe kwixesha elingaphambi kweli langoku, kuba amahashe yeyona ndlela iphambili yokuhamba. Kanye njengokuba imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kwimimandla yasemaphandleni yenziwa ngaphandle koomatshini. Umbalisi (owazi yonke into) uchaza ilizwe elithelekelelwayo, elisekwe kwiintsomi, apho umlingo, amakhubalo kunye nezinto ezintle ziyinyani.
Uhlobo
Umbali womntu wesithathu usebenzisa ulwimi olukhulisiweyo, ngononophelo kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, elula. Okubalulekileyo ukufezekisa useto oluzele ziinkcukacha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa okanye ukulayisha kakhulu umfundi ngolwazi olungeyomfuneko. Ngendlela enye, Iingxoxo zidityaniswe ngokwendalo kunye neemeko zokurhanela zigcwele kwisicatshulwa oko kukhokelela kufundo olumnandi nolunamanzi.
Ingqondo
Umbalisi uzichaza iziganeko ngendlela enenjongo, ngaphandle kweemvakalelo ezizenzekelayo. Ayisiyonto incinci, kuba Kwinoveli kuvela ukungqubana okungafaniyo okunceda ukuqonda ngcono imeko neemvakalelo zomntu ophambili, UDana. Uwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo eluthandweni noKai, naye, ongumoya.
Kodwa xa uKai kufuneka abuyele kwelabafileyo, uthatha isigqibo sokulinda de kube sekufeni kwakhe ukuze akwazi ukudibana naye kwakhona. Enye ingxaki ebonakalayo kulowo uphambili kukungazithembi kwakhe phantse kuyo yonke into emngqongileyo nakwimicimbi yemilingo. Nangona kunjalo, uDana wenza isigqibo ngokungaziwa kwakhe ngeencoko nabanye abalinganiswa ebalini.
Obona balinganiswa
dana
Ungumlinganiswa ophambili. Uyintombazana encinci enenwele ezimnyama ngamehlo aluhlaza ngenkangeleko enzulu kakhulu, umlinganiswa okhaliphileyo kwaye uyathanda ukufunda kakhulu. Ngokukwanjalo, uthanda ukulandela imigaqo yendawo nganye ... ngaphandle kokuba iyaphikisana neminqweno yentliziyo yakhe.
Kai
Ngumlinganiswa weenkwenkwezi. Uvela ekuqaleni njengoDana "njengomhlobo wentelekelelo", kodwa enyanisweni ungumoya onomfana oyinkwenkwana enamehlo amhlophe, mhle kakhulu. Ukuziphatha okuthandekayo, uhlala ekulungele ukusebenzisana ngokungathandabuzekiyo kunye nabo abathandayo.
UFenris noMaritta
UFenris ungumhle oneminyaka engama-200 ubudala (i-youngster ngokulandelelana kohlobo lweentlobo zakhe). Eyona nto iphambili kuyo kukutshintsha ube yingcuka ngexesha lokukhanya kwenyanga. Kwelinye icala, uMaritta ngumpheki omncinci wenqaba, uyakrokra kwaye uyakrokra ngomlingo. Ngelixa inceda uDana xa eyifuna.
Utitshala
Yindoda ende emnyama; inkosi yenqaba, isakhiwo esiphakamileyo kakhulu esigcwele amagumbi angahlaliyo kunye nelayibrari enkulu. Kananjalo utitshala ngumntu onamandla kakhulu, ozingcayo kunye nongusomathuba. Ngapha koko, enye yezona zinto ziphambili ebalini kukuba u-Master wabulala u-governess wakhe, u-Aonia (owayesakuba ngumlawuli wenqaba).
Isiqendu
Umhlobo ocingelwayo
Umbelekisi waqaphela into engaqhelekanga ngoDana kwangoko emva kokuzalwa kwakhe, kodwa akazange axelele mntu. Abazali bakhe kunye nabantakwabo babemphatha ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kodwa bonke baqaphela ukuba wayehlukile, wayethule kwaye elumkile. Xa wayeneminyaka emithandathu ubudala, wadibana noKai, owaqala ukumnceda kwimisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla. efama ixesha elingakumbi lokudlala.
Ibinzana nguLaura Gallego.
Emva kweminyaka emibini "yesiqhelo" esifanayo, ngenye imini waphoswa lixesha lesidlo, ke ngoko, wayecinezelwe ngamandla ngabazali bakhe. Watsho ukuba wayedlala noKai, kodwa abantakwabo bamxelela ukuba uKai akekho. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, abanye abantwana elalini bammema ukuba adlale nje ukumhlazisa kuba ethetha yedwa embiza "ngegqwirha."
Inqaba
UKai waziva enxunguphele kakhulu kuba waziva engunobangela weemeko awayekuzo uDana. Ke ngoko, wayenqikaza ukuhlala nomhlobo wakhe, kodwa wamcela ukuba ahlale ngonaphakade. Nangona kunjalo, Kwakukho indoda emhlophe enengubo eyayibona uKai, lo mlinganiswa - inkosi - wacela usapho lukaDana imvume yokumyisa kwenye indawo (inqaba). UDana wothuka xa esi sicelo samkelwa.
Inqaba ngokwenene sisikolo somlingo esikwintlambo yeengcuka, (ebizwa njalo ngenxa yezilwanyana ezingafiyo ezihamba ebusuku). Kwinqaba, uDana udibana noFenris, i-elf, kunye noMaritta, umpheki omncinci. Emva kwexesha, uDana uyaqonda ukuba "uyiKin-shannay", uhlobo lomntu onokukwazi ukunxibelelana nabafileyo.
Inyathi
UDana uqala ukufunda ngomlingo. Ngelo xesha, umfazi omangalisayo onxibe igolide ogama linguAonia (owayesakuba yinkosikazi yenqaba) uqala ukubonakala kuye rhoqo. Ubukho obumangalisayo bumxelela ilivo le-unicorn (ebonakalayo kuphela ngexesha lobusuku benyanga) kwaye imcele ukuba adibane naye kwintlambo yeengcuka.
Emva koko, ngobusuku benyanga epheleleyo uDana noKai bayakwazi ukubona i-unicorn, kodwa iingcuka zentlambo (ezingakhuselekanga nakuphi na ukupela) zibathintela ekumlandeleni. Ngaphezu koko, izinja ziphantse zabulala uDana, zigcinwe kwi-extremis nguFenris. Emva konyaka, uDana ukhumbula inguquko kaFenris waba yingcuka, ngenxa yoko wakwazi ukulawula amarhamncwa.
Iinjongo zeNkosi
Kwimzamo yesibini, ehamba noFenris, uDana uyakwazi ukulandela i-unicorn kwigumbi apho kukho iqula elinobuncwane. Yeyiphi, ephinda kabini amandla omlingo wakhe nabani na anayo. Ngokukhawuleza, INkosi (eyayibalandela) iyavela kwaye iphosa uDana, uFenris, uMaritta noKai emngxunyeni omnyama ngokungapheliyo, njengoko ephosa umlingo ukuze athabathe umlingo we-unicorn.
Ukusuka ngaphakathi kumngxunya ongapheliyo uDana uthumela u-Aonia abuyele kwelabafileyo (esebenzisa umzimba kaMaritta). Igqwirha uzama ilize ukubamba iNkosi, kodwa Fenris waxhwilwa kwaye sneaks ukuya kwinqaba. Emva koko, xa uDana, uKai, kunye no-Aonia bezama ukulandela uMphathi, inkosi iphosa ikhubalo elibambisa uKai ngaphakathi kwibhotile.
Isivumelwano
INkosi inikezela ukukhulula uKai ngokutshintshisa ukuthembeka kukaDana kunye nokukhonzwa ngonaphakade. Intombazana yamkela kwaye iphumelele uvavanyo lweasidi (ngoku ingumlingo, ayisenguye umfundi). Ngaphambi nje kokutywina isivumelwano kunye ne-Master, uDana ubulawa ngu-Aonia.
Umdlalo wokugqibela
UDana uyakwazi ukubuyela kwilizwe labaphilayo njengeKin-shannay. Emva kokuba ebuyile kwiNqaba, waphinda wahlangana noFenris ukujongana noMphathi kwakhona. Ekugqibeleni, lowo ukwazileyo ukugqiba inkosi yenqaba nguMaritta, omgwaza emqolo. Ukususela ngaloo mini, uDana waba ngumlawuli omtsha wenqaba.
Nangona ingeyiyo yonke into entle kuDana, njengoko kufuneka ahlukane noKai (ekufuneka abuyele kwilizwe labafileyo ngokusisigxina). Kwi-epilogue, umlawuli wenqaba uhamba noFenris kwifama yakhe yosapho ukuya kufuna amathambo enamba eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iziqwenga zamathambo zivela kwirhamncwa elifanayo elabulala uKai kwiminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu eyadlulayo.