Imibongo yesiqhelo yaseLatin American (I)

Xa sithetha ngemibongo yaseSpain-Amerika, igama lokuqala eliphumayo okanye elinye lokuqala, alithandabuzeki elokuba URubén Darío, kunye nabani Ixesha langoku, kodwa kukho isihobe saseSpain-Amerika ngaphaya kwale okanye nguJosé Hernández, enye imbongi ebalaseleyo.

Phakathi kwabanye, la mazwi alandelayo avela: UGabriela Mistral, uJosé Martí, uPablo Neruda, uOctavio Paz, uCésar Vallejo y UVicente Huidobro. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ngezintathu zokuqala, kwaye kwinto ezakupapashwa ngomso siza kuthetha ngezintathu zokugqibela. Ukuba uyayithanda imibongo, okanye mandithi, imibongo elungileyo, ungayeki ukufunda okuzayo.

UGabriela Mistral

UGabriela Mistral, okanye yintoni enye, U-Lucia Godoy Wayengomnye weembongi zelo xesha owathi ngemibongo yakhe wafuna ukufumanisa ubunyani, ubunyani bemihla ngemihla, naye ebalekela kufutshane.

UGabriela, owayenguMvuzo weNobel woLwazi ngo-1945, wabhala "Iisonethi zokufa",, yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo nezisebenzayo. Iphefumlelwe Ukuzibulala kukaRomelio Ureta, uthando lwakhe oludala. Kwaye i-sonnet yokuqala ihamba ngolu hlobo:

Ukusuka kwi-niche efriziwe apho abantu bakubeka khona,
Ndiza kukuhlisa emhlabeni othobekileyo kwaye unelanga.
Ukuba kufuneka ndilale kuyo amadoda ebengazi,
kwaye kufuneka siphuphe kumqamelo ofanayo.

Ndiza kukubeka phantsi emhlabeni onelanga nge
ubumnandi bukamama kunyana oleleyo,
kwaye umhlaba kufuneka ube ngumthambo othambileyo
ekwamkeleni umzimba wakho njengomntwana obuhlungu.

Emva koko ndiya kutshiza ukungcola ndavusa uthuli,
kunye nothuli oluluhlaza kunye nolukhanyayo lwenyanga,
ilight offal iza kuvalelwa.

Ndiya kuhamba ndicula iingoma zam ezintle,
Kungenxa yokuba kuloo mntu uhloniphekileyo uhloniphekile isandla sika
uya kuhla ukuphikisana nesandla sakho samathambo!

UJose Marti

UJosé Marti, waseCuba, wayenombongo njengeyona ndlela yokunxibelelana inyanisekileyo, ebonakaliswa ngendlela esesikweni ngokulula nangemihla ngemihla. Iyazichaza imbongi "Iivesi ezilula" kunye nemibongo yakhe, kuba kuyo wazisa kwaye wabumba umphefumlo wakhe njengoko wawunjalo. Xa ebhala ezi ndinyana uyazityhila: iyunithi eyenziwe ngezinto ezingafaniyo nezichaseneyo, njengoko kusenzeka xa ebizwa "Ubuthathaka bexhama" phambi kwe "Amandla esinyithi". Ikwabonisa iimvakalelo ezinje ngokumanyana kunye nokupheliswa kwenzondo:

Hlakulela i-rose emhlophe
ngoJuni njengoJanuwari
Kumhlobo onyanisekileyo
ondinika isandla sakhe.

Kwaye ukhohlakele ondikhuphe kude
intliziyo endiphila ngayo,
Ukulima inkunzane okanye amarhawu;
Ndikhulisa i-rose emhlophe.

Pablo Neruda

Andazi ukuba ndibhale kangaphi ngalo mbhali, kodwa andidinwa. U-Neruda waye kwaye uya kuhlala engomnye wamagama amakhulu kwimibongo yehlabathi, hayi kwiLatin America kuphela. Ngokuthiya igama lomsebenzi wakho "Imibongo engamashumi amabini yothando kunye nengoma enomdla", epapashwe ngo-1924, sithi yonke into ... Kwaye ndingaswela imigca yokupapasha yonke into efanele ukufundwa ngulo mbhali. Kodwa ndiza kuba mfutshane, okanye ubuncinci, ndiza kuzama ukuba:

Ukuze undive
amazwi am
bayabhitya ngamanye amaxesha
njengemikhondo yeenyawo zolwandle elunxwemeni.

Isacholo somqala, inxila elibuhlungu
Kuba izandla zenu zithambile njengeidiliya.

Kwaye ndiwajonga kude amazwi am.
Ngaphezulu kwezam zezakho.
Banyuka kwintlungu yam yakudala njenge-ivy.

Banyuka iindonga ezimanzi ngolu hlobo.
Nguwe omele ubeke ityala kulo mdlalo unegazi.

Bayabaleka kwindawo yam emnyama.
Ugcwalisa yonke into, ugcwalisa yonke into.

Phambi kwakho bahlala isizungu ohleli kuso,
kwaye baqhele ukudana kwam kunawe.
Ngoku ndifuna ukuba bathethe le ndifuna ukukuxelela yona
ukuze ubaphulaphule njengoko ndifuna ukuba undive.

Umoya weentlungu uyaqhubeka ukubatsala.
Izaqhwithi zamaphupha zisabankqonkqoza ngamanye amaxesha.
Uva amanye amazwi kwilizwi lam elibuhlungu.
Iinyembezi zemilomo yakudala, igazi lokuncenga kwakudala.
Ndithande, liqabane. Sundishiya. Ndilandele
Ndilandele, mlingane, kuloo ntshutshiso yentlungu.

Kodwa amazwi am atyhola uthando lwakho.
Uhlala kuyo yonke into, uhlala kuyo yonke into.

Ndenza umgexo ongapheliyo kuzo zonke
Kuba izandla zenu zimhlophe, zithambile njengeediliya.

Ukuba ulithandile kwaye ukonwabele ukulifunda eli nqaku ngendlela ebendiyibhala ngayo, ungaphoswa yinxalenye yesibini ezakupapashwa ngomso, ngoLwesine. Kuyo siza kuthetha ngokufutshane ngo-Octavio Paz, uCesar Vallejo kunye noVicente Huidobro.