Imibongo ka-Antonio Machado

UAntonio Machado Ruíz wayengumSevillian onesiphiwo esingachazekiyo, umbongo wakhe wawuyinxalenye yesizukulwana se-1898 eSpain. Le mbongi Wazalwa ngoJulayi 26, 1875, umntakwabo Manuel Machado, ikwangumbongi owayekunye naye de kwaba ngumhla wokufa kwakhe eCollioure, eFrance ngoFebruwari 22, 1939.

Ubomi buka-Antonio baseyunivesithi babuphawulwa yimpembelelo yootitshala bakhe, awayebagcinele uthando nothando olukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali akazange azive ekhululekile kwikholeji okanye esikolweni; Kwimbali yakhe uvumile: "Andinamkhondo ngaphandle kokuyicaphukela yonke into yokufunda."

Ubuntwana bakhe kunye nemibongo kaMachado

UAntonio ubonakalise kwimisebenzi yakhe iinkumbulo zobuntwana bakhe, ukuhamba kwakhe, uthando kunye nokuzonwabisa, enye yazo yayiyi "Inkumbulo yobuntwana", kwenye yeencwadi zakhe zemibongo. Ngexesha leminyaka yokuqala yobomi bakhe uMachado oselula waphila amaxesha akhethekileyo awabhala ngokungafiPhakathi kwaba kukho inani likayise owayekade eseofisini yakhe, kunye neendawo awayehlala kuzo ngeentsuku zakhe ezimsulwa.

Imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala

Mkhuba poetic yala maxesha oko kwaphawulwa umsebenzi yombhali. Ekuqalekeni kwayo Antonio UMachado wayesebenzisa ukubhala ngendlela engacacanga kunye necacileyo. Ubunzima, ingqokelela yemibongo eyapapashwa ngo-1903, yazisa italente eyayinayo uAntonio.

Iindawo zeCastile yincwadi yemibongo eyapapashwa ngo-1912, apho kuchazwa ubunjani baloo mihlaba, ichaza inyani ebuhlungu. Ngokucacileyo iMachado ibonakalise iimvakalelo zakhe ngeSpain, intlungu yokusweleka komfazi wakhe kunye neminqweno ekufuneka enayo ngaphambili, njengoko yavelisa ithemba kwimibhalo emininzi.

Umbhali omnye, iintshukumo ezintathu

Iimpawu zala maxesha zazibonakala: Ubuchule bokuyila, ubunyibiliko kunye nolwimi olunobungangamsha nolwahlukileyo, nalapho ezona nkcukacha zincinci zaye zaqwalaselwa, zazingumbhali wazo. Ekuqaleni kobomi buka-Antonio Machado njengombhali kwakukho imibongo enxulumene nale ntshukumo, enje Ubungangamsha, iigalari kunye neminye imibongo (1919).

Wayiphatha into yokuthandana kunye nengcinga yakhe enzulu, efumana ukubanjwa kwamazwi aphumeleleyo umtsalane wendalo kunye nobumnyama bawo.. I-Nostalgia, eyokuqala kunye ne-utopia ziimpawu zalo mkhwa wokubhala kwaye yayisisiseko sokwenza imveliso kaMachado; iphefumlelwe yiSpain kunye nothando lomfazi wakhe, uLeonor.

Isimboli kunye nemibuzo yayo malunga nezinto esele zikho nazo zilawulwa. Ngezixhobo ezifana ne-synesthesia, wazama ukugcina umculo kwiivesi zakhe. UMachado wayesondele kakhulu kwesi sitayile, uninzi lwemibhalo yakhe yangqina ubungqina bakhe kwaye usenokufundwa ngokumnandi.

Uthando lobomi bakhe

Wayengutitshala okwexeshana eSoria, kwaye apho, ngo-1907, wadibana nothando lobomi bakhe, Oku kwakunjalo ULeonor Izquierdo, umfundi omncinci oneminyaka elishumi elinethoba omncinci. Emva kweminyaka emibini bethandana, uMachado no-Izquierdo batshata; nangona kunjalo, ngo-1912, le ntokazi yabulawa sisifo sephepha.

Antonio Wazinikela kwimibongo emininzi kuye, Ngexesha lokugula, ngexesha lokubhubha nasemva kwalo. "Kwi-elm eyomileyo" yayingumbongo apho wayelangazelela ukuba uLeonor aphucule impilo yakhe nakwi "A José María Palacio" wamkhumbula ecaleni kwendawo awayephumle kuyo kwaye wacenga omnye wabahlobo bakhe ukuba amhloniphe ngokuzisa iintyatyambo.

Icawa, ngokukaMachado

UAntonio Machado wayecinga nzulu, iimvakalelo zakhe kunye nokuqonda kwakudlulela ngaphaya kwalawo ababhali belo xesha. Wayeyindoda eyabuza, waziva ngaphambi kwexesha lakhe, wayengavumelani namaqhina okanye iimfundiso, obangele ukuba umsebenzi wakhe ube nexabiso elikhethekileyo.

Kangangeenkulungwane icawe ibinemithetho ekufuneka bayilandele abathembekileyo ukuba bangabayo kwaye uMachado akazange ayamkele, kwanaxa ukholo lwakhe lwalukuThixo. Ngokomlobi, ukuzila ukutya, iipenins kunye nabanye Iimbopheleleko ekufuneka zilandelwe ngumfundisi yayingezizo iindlela zokufundisa abantu; nangona kunjalo, kwi "Profession of Faith" ubonakalise uthando olukhulu awalubonayo kuMdali.

Imibongo ka-Antonio Machado

Nantsi isampulu yemibongo emele kakhulu ka-Antonio Machado:

Kwi-elm eyomileyo

Kwi-elm yakudala, yahlulwe ngumbane

nakwisiqingatha sayo esibolileyo,

ngeemvula zika-Epreli kunye nelanga likaCanzibe

amanye amagqabi aluhlaza aphume.

Ikhulu leminyaka elm kwinduli

ekhotha iDuero! Ubulembu

tyheli

ibala ixolo elimhlophe

kumboko obolileyo nothuli ...

Buphi ubomi bam ...

Xa bubomi bam

konke kucacile kwaye kulula

njengomlambo olungileyo

ebaleka ngokonwaba

elwandle,

kulwandle olungaziwayo

iyalinda

egcwele ilanga nengoma.

Kwaye xa ihluma kum

Intlakohlaza yentliziyo

iya kuba nguwe, ubomi bam,

ukuphefumlelwa

Umbongo wam omtsha ...

Ubugcisa bemibongo

Kwaye umphefumlo uphela kukho iqela elinye

Uyazi kuphela, uthando lwesithunzi,

iphupha elimnandi, emva koko ... akukho nto; amathumba,

rancor, ifilosofi.

Ephukile kwisipili sakho i-idyll yakho ebalaseleyo,

Wabuya ubomi bakhe,

Kufuneka ube ngumthandazo wakho wasekuseni:

Owu, ukuxhonywa, usuku oluhle!

Ndiphuphe undithatha

Ndiphuphe undithatha

phantsi indlela emhlophe,

embindini wentsimi eluhlaza,

ngaseblue yeentaba,

ngasezintabeni eziluhlaza,

kusasa okunqabileyo ...

Babelilizwi lakho nesandla sakho,

emaphupheni, ayinyani! ...

Ithemba eliphilayo ngubani owaziyo

yintoni le iginya umhlaba!

ISpain kaMachado

U-Sevillian wayenothando olukhulu kwilizwe lakhe, ngenxa yoku wanikezela eminye imibongo ngo Iindawo zeCastile. Nangona kunjalo, U-Antonio uvakalise ukungoneliseki kwakhe luphuhliso oluncinci lwemimandla yasemaphandleni. Umbhali uthethe ngokunqongophala kwezicwangciso kwicala likarhulumente zokwenza ukuba iindawo zasemaphandleni ziguquke kwaye inkqubela phambili yabo ibe kwinqanaba elifanayo nelezidolophini.

Ngelo xesha, inani labemi baseSpain ababephila ubomi babo ezilalini babedla ngokuncamathisela kwiingcambu zalo. Uninzi lwaba bemi khange bayithathele ingqalelo imbono yokutshintsha ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, oko kukuthi, ukongeza kwezopolitiko abangancediyo, abahlali babengenamdla wokuvela. UMachado uqinisekisile ukuba ukuswela isibindi kunye nomnqweno wokuqhubela phambili zezona ngxaki ziphambili kuluntu lwexesha lakhe.

Ilifa lakhe

Amaziko kwihlabathi liphela, njenge-Hispanic Institute eMelika, anike uMachado ukwamkelwa ngokufanelekileyo. Yintoni egqithisile, imisebenzi yakhe yaguqulwa yenziwa yimveliso zomculo Ngu-Manuel Serrat, umbhali-umbhali-wengoma ovelise icwecwe elinesihloko Kunikezelwa kuAntonio Machado, apho ukubhala kweSevillian kwenzeka ebomini. Akukho nto ngembongi phakathi kwe iimbongi ezinkulu zoncwadi.

UAntonio Machado wayeyindoda eyayicacile malunga nesibongo sakhe, babeyazi indlela yokubamba iinkolelo zabo, ukungahambelani kunye namava abo obomi ngendlela eyahlukileyo ethembekileyo. Nangona wayephila ngexesha apho kwakukho ubandlululo oluninzi, wayengoyiki ukuveza inyani nobuntununtunu bakhe elizweni, oku kukhokelela kwimibongo enje ngala: "Buphi ubomi bam", "Mhlawumbi", "Ubongo lwemibongo" kunye "Nam ndiphuphe ngathi undithatha ”.