Yintoni imibongo ebonakalayo?

Ukutolikwa okubonakalayo okanye okomfanekiso walo naluphi na uhlobo lwengxelo kuhlala kundibangela ukuba ndithandwe, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba isidingo sokukhupha imifanekiso ethile ngoonobumba sikhokelela kukumelwa kwangoko.

Imifanekiso evela ezincwadini, ubugcisa basezidolophini obukhuthazwe luncwadi, kananjalo, imibongo ebonwayo, ifomu yokulinga apho ubugcisa beplastikhi buba ngaphezu kweeleta (okanye ngokuchaseneyo), ukufumana iziphumo njengezinye njengoko zingenasiphelo. Ufuna ukwazi yintoni imibongo ebonwayo kwaye ufumane eminye imizekelo?

Imijikelo yemibongo

Ikamva Yayiyindlela yobugcisa eyavela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX kwaye eyayizokwandulela ubuCubism, isitayile esingafakwanga ngabazobi abanjengoPicasso okanye uBracque owayenenjongo yokuphinda abuyise imbali yehlabathi ngokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwemibala okanye Ixesha langoku njengeyona nto iphambili ye-avant-garde eyayikhangela iindlela ezintsha zokubonisa.

Okwangoku ngokomfanekiso ikwanempembelelo kwiindlela zokukhulelwa kwemibongo, Isiphumo sokwaziwa njenge Imibongo ebonwayo, ifomu yokulinga eneembekiselo ezicacileyo kwiGrisi yakudala apho iicalligrams zayo zaziza kutshintshwa kungekudala emva kweendlela ezilandelelanayo.

Kwimibongo ebonakalayo Ubugcisa beplastikhi, imifanekiso okanye iifom zokuchaza zichaza lo mbongo kunye nokunye, Iba ngumdibaniso onomdla kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, ibonwa kakhulu. Imizekelo inokuvela ku i collage kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kwiivesi zokubhala ukuya kumfanekiso ochaza ngokwawo injongo yombongo.

E-Spain i Iingqinisiso zokuqala kwimibongo ebonakalayo senzeka ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, ngemizekelo efana ne Ukuthula cwaka kwiNdalo engagungqiyo nguGerónimo González Velázquez. Umbongo, owaziswa njengebali le-hieroglyphs eyayihamba nawo, ayenzanga nje kuphela ukuba kufundwe ngakumbi, kodwa ukusasazwa kwayo kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo zentlalo kwenza ukuba kube yimeko yokulandelwa kwangoko nangakumbi.

Nangona imizekelo yabalwa kuyo yonke iminyaka elandelayo, ngekhulu lama-XNUMX I-avant-gardes ye-Futurism okanye yeCubism iya kubangela imizekelo yemibongo ebonakalayo efana neyasezidolophini nguJoan Brossa okanye iqela lomculo iGrupo Zaj, elenziwe ngabaqambi, iingoma zomculo kunye nabaculi ababonakalayo abathi ngee-60 bahamba nomculo weekhonsathi zabo besebenzisa izinto okanye ukwenziwa kweethiyetha ezincinci.

Emva kokufika kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX kunye nokudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji entsha, imibongo ebonakalayo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cyberpoetry okanye imibongo ye-elektroniki, inikwe amathuba amaninzi ayibonisayo kuthungelwano lwentlalo kwaye, ngakumbi, phakathi kwababonisi okanye abenzi bemizobo. Yiyo loo nto ubugcisa obukhawulezileyo obuxhaphakileyo namhlanje bufumene eyona nto ibalaseleyo kulo mbongo "weplastiki", unikezela ngamathuba angenasiphelo.

Imibongo ebonakalayo ilinga, iyadlala, iyile. Ubudlelwane obukhethekileyo phakathi kokubonakalayo kunye noonobumba apho omabini la magama ahlala khona kude kube nokufumana isiphumo esothusayo ngamanye amaxesha, abanye basondele ngakumbi kwaye bambalwa bade banamathuba. Ewe, xa kuziwa kubugcisa, akukho namnye owakha wanelizwi lokugqibela.

Imvelaphi yemibongo ebonakalayo

Nangona ikule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini (ingakumbi pha kwii-70s) apho imibongo ebonakalayo ibonakala ngathi iqala ukuchuma, inyani kukuba le ayisiyo imvelaphi yayo. Yayisetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili. Ngapha koko, sithetha ngamaxesha amandulo kakhulu, anje nge-300 BC. Inokwenzeka njani? Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka siye kwi IGrisi yakudala.

Ngelo xesha, ayisiyi-greats kuphela. Kwakukho ababhali beentlobo ezininzi kunye neentlobo. Kwaye imibongo ebonakalayo ibingomnye wabo.

Ukwenza umzekelo, ungabona icalligram «Iqanda». Yi ISimmias yaseRhodes kwaye ngumbongo olandela iimpawu zesihobe ezibonwayo. Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela esinokuyikhankanya. Enye, ayiveli eGrisi kodwa isuka eFrance, yiyo rabelais (ukusuka ku-1494 ukuya ku-1553) kunye nombongo wakhe "Sombrero".

Zazisenza ntoni ezi mbongi zimbini? Bafuna ukwenza umbongo kunye nesilhouette yegama elichazayo. Umzekelo, kwimeko yeqanda, wonke umbongo wawukuloo silhouette. Kuyafana nomnqwazi, okanye ngomnye umfanekiso.

Ke, amagama, iivesi, iingoma… yonke into idlalwe ukwenza uyilo olugqibeleleyo kwaye akukho nto ishiyekileyo kuseto lokugqibela. Kodwa kwafuneka ukuba ibe nengqondo, kwaye kwakufuneka ibe ngumbongo owakhiwe kakuhle.

Iziganeko ezichazayo zemibongo

Njengoko sibonile ngaphambili, Imibongo evela kwiikhaligram. Le yimvelaphi yokwenyani kwaye ivele njani kwinto oyaziyo ngoku. Kodwa ababhali nabo, ngendlela yabo, izinto ezichaseneyo nalo mbongo.

Umzekelo, ababhali ababini benkulungwane ye-XNUMX bayagqama, UGuillaume Apollinaire, kunye noStéphane Mallarmé. Zombini zithathwa njengababhali bale mihla bangabameli bemibongo ebonakalayo, okt yeecalligrams. Ngapha koko, kukho imisebenzi yakhe onokuthi uyibone rhoqo kwaye ucinge ukuba "yeyala maxesha" kanti phofu ineminyaka embalwa ubudala. Ziyi "Inqaba yaseEiffel" okanye "Inenekazi kwiHat."

Imibongo ebonakalayo eSpain

Kwimeko yeSpain, Imibongo ebonakalayo yayineminyaka engama-60 ubudala, ixesha apho uninzi lwababhali luvele lusasebenza nanamhlanje, nangona uninzi lwabo luswelekile. Phantse bonke baqala kolu hlobo loncwadi njengendlela yokuthethelelwa kwezopolitiko kunye nokugxekwa kwezentlalo. Into ababeyifuna yayikukutsalela ingqalelo kwi-odolo eyayisekiwe kwaye yayingasasebenzi ngokuchanekileyo.

Amagama afana Inkampu, iBrossa, uFernando Millán, uAntonio Gómez, uPablo del Barco, njl. eminye yemizekelo yeembongi ezibonwayo ezifuna ukutshintsha umhlaba ngezendalo ezingaphezulu ezingangenanga kuphela ezindlebeni, kodwa nangamehlo.

Uninzi lwazo lusasebenza, kwaye abanye baqala ngale ndlela yokubhala. Imisebenzi kaEduardo Scala, uYolanda Pérez Herraras okanye uJ. Ricart bayaziwa. Kukho uluhlu olude ngokwenene kunye neenethiwekhi zentlalo ngokwazo zenze ukuba imibongo ebonakalayo yande kuba mininzi imifanekiso kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto ezenza oko kwaqala kwiminyaka eyadlulayo ngeecalligrams eziguqukayo.

Iindidi zemibongo ebonakalayo

Imibongo ebonakalayo ayiyonyani. Ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokwahlulahlula ngokubonakalayo kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ngale ndlela, unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

Imibongo ebonakalayo kuphela yoshicilelo

Kule meko, iphawulwa ngokusebenzisa oonobumba kuphela ukwenza indalo yoqobo, ethi ibambe ingqalelo yabafundi, nokuba kungokuhambisa oonobumba ngendlela ethile, okanye ngokunika umbala kwabo bafuna ukukhuthazwa, njl.

Lowo udibanisa iileta kunye nemizobo

Kule meko, ayibalulekanga kuphela amagama wombongo, kodwa yimifanekiso ngokwayo, ethi, kwiimeko ezininzi, inxulumene namagama. Umzekelo, kukho umfanekiselo wenkonkxa yokhuseleko enegama elahlulwe ngohlobo lokuba ipini ibhalwe oonobumba "abalahlekayo" kunye no "Im" uhlala apho into ibotshelelwe khona.

Lowo utsala ngoonobumba (ngowona mbongo ucocekileyo, kuba usekwe kwiicalligrams)

Ngokwenene zii-calligrams ezakhokelela kwimibongo ebonakalayo. Ngapha koko, ababaninzi kangako abanobuganga bokwenza loo nto ngenxa yobunzima obubandakanyekayo, kodwa iseyonyuka, ngakumbi kusetyenziswa iimbongi zakudala nababhali.

Hlanganisa iileta kunye nepeyinti

Singathi luhlobo lwe Umbongo obonwayo phakathi komfanekiso namagama, kodwa endaweni yokusebenzisa ifoto, ngumzobo oza kudlalwa, nokuba wenziwe ngokukodwa kuseto olubonakalayo, okanye usebenzisa enye into kwaye uyinike loo mbongo.

Hlanganisa iileta kunye nokufota

Yahlukile kwimifanekiso okanye ipeyinti yokuba iifoto zezinto zisetyenzisiwe, hayi imizobo okanye imifanekiso eyenziweyo yezo zinto. Ngenxa yoku, ziyinyani kwaye zinempembelelo ngakumbi xa zinika umfundi okanye nabani na ozibona esetyenziselwa enye into abanokuba nayo ekhaya.

Yenza ikholaji

Ikholaji iseti yeefoto ezibekwe ngendlela ethile ukwenza ukwenziwa. Kunye namagama, inokujikwa ibe yimibongo ebonakalayo (nangona kule meko isetyenziselwa ngakumbi intengiso okanye iinjongo zorhwebo).

Imibongo ebonakalayo kwividiyo

Yinto entsha kodwa eyandayo, ngakumbi kwinethiwekhi yoluntu. Isekwe kupopayi ukunika ukungqinelana ngakumbi kuyilo.

Ukuvela kwemibongo ebonakalayo: i-cyberpoetry

Iyafana ne Imibongo ebonakalayo ivela kwiicalligram, oku kuye kwanikezela ngendlela entsha yokujonga imibongo. Sithetha nge ikhompyutha, enye ebonakaliswa kukusetyenziswa kweendaba zedijithali kwindalo kunye nophuhliso. Ke, umzekelo, iihypertexts, oopopayi, ubungakanani abathathu, njl njl. kunye nento engekabonwa, kodwa esele ikhona, ukusetyenziswa kwenyani yokwenyani.

Ke, isihobe esibonakalayo sihambelana ngakumbi nobugcisa bokubonwayo okanye uyilo lwegraphic kunoncwadi, kuba isicatshulwa ngokwaso asibalulekanga njengokubonakalayo kwento yonke.

Ucinga ntoni ngombongo obonwayo?