UTom Schulman.
Umbongi wokufa (Incwadi) lulungelelwaniso loncwadi olupapashwe nguTom Schulman ngo-1989 kwifilimu engaziwayo. Eli bali lahlengahlengiswa kwifomathi yenoveli ngumlobi-ntatheli waseMelika uNancy H. Kleinbaum. Ngubani owaziwa ngokuba ngumbhali weencwadi zabantwana, kwaye, ngakumbi, ngenxa yeencwadi ezininzi ezisekwe kwiifilimu zaseHollywood.
nayo, Imbongi Engasekhoyo (isihloko sokuqala ngesiNgesi) yayilulungiso lokuqala lweskripthi esigqitywe nguKleinbaum. Ngale ndlela, umbhali waseMelika wasebenzisa uphononongo olugqwesileyo olufunyenwe yifilimu ukuzazisa. Ngokuqinisekileyo isicatshulwa siphila kumgangatho wefilimu. Ngaphandle koko, ulwazi olwahlukileyo oluya kufunyanwa belunokungabi naziphumo kwaye luhlale ixesha elifutshane.
Malunga nombhali
Intatheli yaseMelika kunye nombhali uNancy H. Kleinbaum (1948 -) uphumelele kwiYunivesithi yaseNyakatho-ntshona ye-Evanston. Ngelo xesha, ube yinxalenye yeqela lemagazini Ukuphila kwaye uhlala eMount Kisco, eNew York, neqabane lakhe nabantwana abathathu. Ngaphandle kwe Imbongi EngasekhoyoPhakathi koncwadi alwenzileyo ngokusekwe kwiskripthi sefilimu, oku kulandelayo kuyabonakala:
- Ibali likaMoya (amashumi alithoba anesithoba anesihlanu). Isicatshulwa sangempela nguKermit Frazier.
- Ugqirha Dolittle kunye nosapho lwezilwanyana (1999). Isicatshulwa sangempela nguHugh Lofting.
- Ukuhamba kukaGqirha Dolittle (Uhambo lukaGqirha Dolittle, 1999). Isicatshulwa sangempela nguHugh Lofting.
UNancy H. Kleinbaum.
Imbongi Engasekhoyo
Umbhali uthathe isigqibo sokuhlengahlengisa esi skripthi kuncwadi ngenxa yamaxabiso emfundo adlulisiweyo. Ukongeza, ibali liyakhuthaza ngokwenyani ukusuka kwindawo ezininzi zokujonga-ngaphaya kwenqanaba lokufundisa-kuba liqulathe isifundo sobomi esingaqhelekanga. Iziphumo ziyincwadi enomdla kwaye inika umdla njengomboniso bhanyabhanya obeka inkanyezi uRobin Williams.
Umlingisi oyintloko nguJohn Keating, utitshala wesiNgesi onenkangeleko engekho sesikweni kunye neendlela zokufundisa ezingaqhelekanga. Eyona njongo yayo kukusondeza abafundi kufutshane noncwadi ukubakhuthaza- hayi kuphela ukufunda -kwaye bavakalise izimvo zabo ngokubhala. Ngale ndlela, utitshala unethemba lokuvusa imbewu yokuyila kubafundi bakhe kwaye agqithe kwimida yakhe.
Isishwankathelo se Umbongi wokufa
Iklabhu yegama leembongi ezifileyo, eSpain.
Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Umbongi wokufa
Ekuqaleni kokubaliswa, uMnumzana Gale Nolan, iNqununu yaseWelton Academy, wenza intetho kubo bonke abafundi. Idilesi ibhekisa kwiintsika ezine zeziko: isiko, imbeko, uqeqesho kunye nokugqwesa. Inqununu yazisa utitshala omtsha wesiNgesi, uMnu Keating, kunye nomfundi omtsha ogama linguT Todd Anderson.
Njengoko iintsuku zihamba, uTodd uyaqhelana nabo afunda nabo. NguNeil Perry, uCharlie Dalton, uKnox Overstreet, uSteven Meeks, uRichard Cameron, kunye noPitts. Emva kosuku lokuqala lweeklasi, abafundi bayakuqonda ukubonwa kukaNjingalwazi Keating kunye neendlela zakhe ezingaqhelekanga. Ngokukodwa xa etsibela edesikeni kwaye efunda izicatshulwa ezivela kumbongo kaWalt Whitman.
i-carpe Diem
Unjingalwazi usisa abafundi bakhe kwiholo yozuko yesikolo. Apho, uchaza intsingiselo yamagama i-carpe Diem kwimibongo. Igama elithi "thabatha ithuba lokuphila ubomi obungaqhelekanga." Ukuqhubela phambili, uNeil Perry ufumana incwadi yonyaka kaProfesa Keating, ekhomba kuJohn njengelungu loMbutho weeMbongi eziFileyo.
UNeil ubuza uprofesa ngayo. UKeating ucacisa ukuba yayiliqela eliyimfihlo elalizinikele kwimibongo yokufunda UShelley, uThoreau, u-Andman, kunye nemibhalo yakhe. Ezi ngxelo zenziwa ngaphakathi kumqolomba wakudala. Ke uPerry kunye nabahlobo bakhe bathatha isigqibo sokuvuselela imisebenzi yeklabhu yakudala.
Umngeni
UNjingalwazi uKeating uhlala ekhumbuza abafundi bakhe ngokubaluleka kokujonga izinto ngolunye uhlobo. Ke ngoko, enye yeendlela zakhe aqhele ukwenza ngazo kukunyuka phezu kwedesika yakhe. Kwangokunjalo, utitshala unyanzelisa ukuba wonke umntu akhusele izinto aqiniseke ngazo. Ngale nto, uxhomekeke kwisilogeni I-carpe diem, Umlinganiso kaHoracio, njengesikhokelo semihla ngemihla.
Nangona kunjalo, Xa utitshala ecela abafundi ukuba bacengceleze imibongo yabo, akukho namnye kubo ozama ukuza ngaphambili eklasini. Ngokuhambelana, uKeating ukhetha u-Todd Anderson njengendoda yokuqala ekhaliphileyo kwi-dynamics. Ukubona ukungonwabi komfundi, utitshala umcela ukuba achaze omnye wabalinganiswa bakaWhiteman ngengcinga yakhe.
Umothuko
Ngobunye ubusuku, uMbutho weeMbongi eziFileyo uhlangana emqolombeni, ngaphandle kukaNeil noCameron. Kule ntlanganiso, ekugqibeleni u-Todd uzimisele ukufunda eyakhe imibongo. Umhala olandelayo Onke amalungu eWelton Academy ashukunyiswa ziindaba zokusweleka kukaNeil Perry. Kuyabonakala ukuba wazibulala kuba utata wakhe wamnqabela ukuba enze umbongo (umbongo).
Emva kwexesha, uCameron ukhalaza ngeendlela zokufundisa zikaNjingalwazi Keating kwiNqununu uGale kwaye umxelela ngoMbutho weeMbongi eziFileyo. Inqununu izigweba ngendlela engeyiyo izicwangciso-qhinga zokufundisa utitshala, nanjengoko izithatha “njengezikhuthaza” yokuziphatha okuyingozi kubafundi. Phakathi kwabo, iindima zomsebenzi ezibangele ukungavisisani okungako kuNeil.
Ukulunga
Inqununu uGale ugxotha uNjingalwazi John Keating ngendlela embi kakhulu. Ngokuhambelana abafundi bacaphuka kukungahloniphi kwaye bagqiba kwelokuba bayicacise imeko yabo ngalo mbandela. Ekugqibeleni, bonke abafundi abangamalungu oMbutho weeMbongi ezifileyo bakhwela kwiidesika zabo.
Uhlalutyo
Ubude bokubhaliweyo-amaphepha ayi-166- uyibeka kudidi lwe "pocket book". Ke, ngumxholo ogqityiweyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ufundeka ngokulula. Isikhuselo sikwabonelela ngeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo: iimpahla ezilula zikatitshala (obonakala ejikelezwe ngabafundi bakhe). Ayizizo iinkcukacha ezincinci kuba liziko elisemthethweni.
UTom Schulman ucaphula.
Phakathi kwabafundi, umlinganiswa onohambo olungaqhelekanga lokuzalisekisa nguT Todd Anderson. Kungenxa yokuba ekuqaleni akatsalwanga kuncwadi (kungasathethwa ke ngombono wokufunda eyakhe imibongo esidlangalaleni ngenxa yeentloni zakhe). Kodwa ngenxa yempembelelo "yosulelo" yoyilo lukaNjingalwazi Keating, uT Todd ukwazile ukoyisa ukusikelwa umda kwakhe nokucengceleza imibhalo yakhe phambi kwabanye.
Irhafu
Ngokuqhelaniswa noncwadi Imbongi Engasekhoyo, UNancy H. Kleinbaum uzimisele ukuvusa inkumbulo yabo iimbongi eziye zafa. Ngokwenyani, umyalezo wangaphakathi ebalini umelwe ngokugqibeleleyo libinzana i-carpe Diem... Sisilogeni jikelele: yenza usuku ngalunye lubalasele.