Iincwadi zika-Elvira Lindo.
Iincwadi zika-Elvira Lindo zezi Isinyanzelo ekubhekiswa kuso kuncwadi lwabantwana kwilizwe elibonakalayo nelibonakalayo. Ngaphezulu kombhali ozinikeleyo, lo mbhali ligcisa elibalulekileyo ophumeleleyo kwiindidi ezininzi. Isicatshulwa sakhe sisusela ekufundweni kwabantwana ukuya kumabali abantu abadala okanye kwizikripthi zefilimu kunye nomabonakude. Ewe kunjalo, enkosi UManolito Gafotas -Incwadi yakhe yokuqala ebhaliweyo- uLindo waziwa ikakhulu njengombhali webali labantwana.
Umlinganiswa "Manolito" wamzuzela uMvuzo kaZwelonke woNcwadi lwaBantwana ngo-1988 kwaye usebenze njengenkuthazo kwezinye iincwadi ezisixhenxe. Ukongeza, uLindo unomsebenzi owaziwayo wokuba ngumlobi-ntatheli, umdlali weqonga kunye nomsasazo, kunye nomsebenzi ovelele kwi-radiyo. Kumsebenzi wakhe omde wobungcali, usebenzisene neendaba ezahlukeneyo ezidumileyo, kubandakanya: El País, I-Cadena SER, I-TVE y Umnxeba 5.
I-Biography ka-Elvira Lindo
Ukuzalwa
U-Elvira Lindo Garrido wazalwa ngoJanuwari 23, 1962, eCádiz, eSpain. Yena nosapho lwakhe bafudukela eMadrid emva kokujika elishumi elinambini. Emva kokugqiba amabanga aphakamileyo, waqalisa ukufunda ubuntatheli kwiYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid, nangona engazange aphumelele. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-19 ubudala wafumana umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala njengombhengezi kunye nombhali weempapasho kwiNational Radio yaseSpain.
UManolita Gafotas
Ukuphehlelelwa UManolito Gafotas Ngo-1994 kwakuthetha ukuqala kokubhala ngesitayela. Ungumlinganiswa owakhelwe yedwa kwasekuqaleni kunomathotholo. UManolito ngumlinganiswa ophambili kuthotho olugcwele uburharha, isigqebelo kunye nokugxekwa okugwenxa eluntwini. UOlivia ngomnye wabalinganiswa bakhe abalulekileyo babantwana; Unikezele kuye iincwadi ezisixhenxe zizonke, zakhutshwa phakathi kuka-1996 no-1997.
Indaleko yakhe yoncwadi
Ngo-1998 uElvira Lindo wapapashwa Omnye ummandla. Incwadana ebhekiswe kubaphulaphuli abadala, Nangona kunjalo, impikiswano yakhe yayithandwa kakhulu kulutsha ngenxa yokuba ophambili kuye wayeneminyaka eli-15 ubudala. Ukuthandwa kakhulu kuye kwalungisa ukuba esi sihloko silungelelaniswe kamva kumdlalo bhanyabhanya. Ukongeza, uLindo wapapasha ezinye iingxelo ezilishumi zabantu abadala, phakathi kwazo kukho iincwadi Into engalindelekanga ngaphezu kokufa (2002) kunye Ilizwi elivela kuwe (2005).
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-90, u-Elvira Lindo waqala umsebenzi oqinileyo njengombhali wesikrini bhanyabhanya. Ngo-1998 wabhala kunye noMiguel Albadalejo Ubusuku bokuqala bobomi bam. Kungekudala emva koko, ulungelelwaniso lokuqala lwe- UManolito Gafotas. Ngo-2000 waguqula inoveli Inyanga ephelele Umbhali u-Antonio Muñoz Molina, awatshata naye. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uLindo ubhale i-screen esibonisa zizonke.
Ezinye iinkalo zoncwadi
Ngokukwanjalo, umbhali ozelwe nguCádiz ubengumbhali wemihlathi kunye nomdibaniselwano kumaphephandaba ohlukeneyo neemagazini, ngakumbi kwi El País. Uninzi lwamanqaku akhe adityanisiwe kuthotho lweencwadi Ubomvu wehlobo (2002, 2003 no-2016) kunye Isipho sabantu (2011). Ukongeza, umbhali waseSpain uye wangena kwizinto ezingezontsomi Ubusuku ngaphandle kokulala (2015) kunye Iindlela ezingama-30 zokususa umnqwazi wakho (2018).
Uthotho lweManolito Gafotas
Ngokuka-Sonia Sierra Infante (2009), umlinganiswa uManolito Gafotas "yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwinkcubeko yaseSpain kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje". Irediyo yayo kwilizwi lombhali ngokwakhe inikezele ngeencwadi ezisithoba (ezinamahlelo amaninzi), amabhaso amaninzi kunye neenguqulelo ezilishumi elinesixhenxe. Ngokunjalo, lo msebenzi uvela kwiincwadi ezininzi, izindululo malunga nokufundisa, iphepha lewebhu, uthotho lweTV, iifilimu ...
Kwithisisi yakhe yobugqirha yeDyunivesithi yaseBarcelona, uSierra Infante ucacisa athi: "imvelaphi kanomathotholo yenza isigqibo xa ukhetha ilizwi elilandisayo". Ewe, "ukhetho lwelizwi lilawula ulawulo lombalisi kwinto ebaliswayo kwaye kolu khetho luvela, emva koko, isikhundla umfundi asithathayo (oontanga, umntu othembekileyo okanye undwendwe olukude). Kule meko kubonakala kucace ukuba oyena mntu uchanekileyo ngumntu wokuqala kwisinye ”.
UManolito Gafotas (1994)
U-Elvira Lindo.
Abalinganiswa abaphambili bavela babandakanyeka kwiihambo ezahlukeneyo (kubonakala ukuba azinxibelelani) kwiminyaka engapheliyo kwidolophu yaseCarabanchel. Nangona kunjalo, ngokulandelelana kwazo zinokubekwa phakathi komhla ngaphambi kokuqala kweeklasi kunye ne-14 ka-Epreli (usuku lokuzalwa kukatat'omkhulu). Lo mhla ungqamana nokubhengezwa kweRiphabhlikhi yesiBini, (uphawu olucacileyo lokuthambekela kwezopolitiko kosapho lwakhe).
Uhlwempuzekile uManolito (1995)
Umntu ophambili ubonakalisa ngakumbi ngendima yakhe njengomntu woluntu. Ekuqaleni wenza isishwankathelo sabalinganiswa beli fowuni yesibini kunye nolwalamano lwabo kunye nencwadi eyandulelayo. Iziganeko zibaliswa nguManolito "kumqulu wesibini we-encyclopedia enkulu" ngobomi bakhe. Imixholo ijikeleze umbulelo (kumhlobo wakhe uPaquito Medina), uloyiko kunye nokungabinamsebenzi kokulala okumhlophe phambi kobuso obungenakuphepheka.
Njenge molo! (1996)
Abalinganiswa abatsha bavela kubomi bukaManolito kunye neqabane lakhe elinyanisekileyo, uPaquito Medina. Phakathi kwabo, inkwenkwe eza eCarabanchel ukubuza uManolito imibuzo malunga nomthamo wakhe wangaphambili. Kwakhona, kwaqhekeka kwii-adventures zabalinganiswa abaphambili "i-Mustard", umntu afunda naye ekhankanywe ngokungaphezulu kwizitolimende zangaphambili.
Ukuhlamba iimpahla ezimdaka (1997)
Kwintshayelelo, uphononongo lukaManolito kwaye uthatha iziphumo zokupapasha okubhaliweyo ngobomi bakhe (kunye nelahleko yabucala eyalandelayo). Kwimbali, inyani kunye neentsomi zixubekile, kunye nokubonakala kuka-Elvira Lindo ngokwakhe kwisandulela. Le ncwadi ifumene uphononongo olugqwesileyo ngenxa yonyango lwezifundo ezifana nomona kunye nomona, ngokwembono yomntwana.
Manolito endleleni (1997)
Ngokungafaniyo neencwadi zangaphambili, apho iindawo ezinxulumene noko azisoloko zinxulumene, kulo mbhalo ukulandelelana libali elinye. Ibalisa ngamava kaManolito ngexesha lokuhamba noyise. Ijongene nezihloko ezihlekisayo ezahlukeneyo njengokuthenga, izifo kunye nobomi bosapho. Yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: "Sala kakuhle Carabanchel (Alto)", "Iveki yaseJapan" kunye "neempungutye zeMalvarrosa".
Mna kunye nejerk (1999)
Kolu papasho, uLindo wandisa umkhwa oqale kwincwadi edlulileyo: ukubuza ngemida yento echanekileyo kwezopolitiko. Isicatshulwa sakhiwe ngamacandelo amathathu: "Abazukulwana bakho abakulibali", "Abantwana ababini abalibalekileyo" kunye "Iwaka nobusuku obunye". Kwelinye icala, kukho izahlulo ezininzi ezibhekisa kwi-antics kaManolito kunye nomntakwabo omncinci (i-Imbécil), ngeveki yokulaliswa kukatatomkhulu utyando.
UManolito unemfihlo (2002)
Isicatshulwa sahlulwe salandelelana kwizahluko ezibalisa utyelelo lukaSodolophu waseMadrid kwisikolo saseCarabanchel. ULindo uthatha ithuba lomxholo ukugxeka isimo sengqondo sokuhanahanisa sezopolitiko kwezi ntlobo zeziganeko. Eminye yale miboniso- njengakwimeko yeklasi kaManolito- ihlala iyintlekele. Kukho iinxalenye zale ncwadi eziqhubekekayo kwi "Flying Chinese", kwimibhalo yombhali yesongezo Ilizwe leveki.
Eyona Manolo (2012)
Kwiminyaka elishumi kamva, umhlaba kaManolito waguqulwa. Ukhulile kwaye ubukhwele bakhe kuMoron (umntakwabo omncinci) banciphile kuba ngoku "uChirly" yinkosazana encinci yosapho. Ewe kunjalo, akukho kunqongophala kukatata wakhe uManolo, umama uCata, utatomkhulu wakhe uNicolás, "Orejones", Jihad ... Abatshintshanga umbono wakhe obukhali wenyani, amagqabantshintshi amaninzi kunye nokuhlekisa okutsha rhoqo.
Uthotho lweOlivia
Luluhlu lwee-comics ezibhalelwe abaphulaphuli phakathi kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemithandathu ubudala. Ziboniswe ngokubalaseleyo ngu-Emilio Urberuaga ukulungiselela ukuhlanganiswa kwazo kufundiso lokufunda. Umxholo ugxile kwiminqweno eqhelekileyo kunye noloyiko lwabantwana kwezi zigaba.
Ngaphandle UOlivia kunye neleta eya kwiMagi (1996), ezinye izihloko malunga nomlinganiswa zavela ngo-1997. Zikhankanyiwe apha ngezantsi:
- Umakhulu ka-Olivia ulahlekile.
- UOlivia akafuni kuhlamba.
- UOlivia akafuni ukuya esikolweni.
- UOlivia akazi ukuba alahlekelwe njani.
- UOlivia unezinto ekufuneka ezenzile.
- UOlivia kunye nesiporho.
Amanye amabali abantwana kunye nabaphulaphuli bolutsha
Ibinzana ngu-Elvira Lindo.
Kuzo, imizobo kaEmilio Urberuaga yenza isibonelelo esiluncedo kakhulu kumanyathelo okuqala okufunda ebantwaneni. Imifanekiso enemibala epheleleyo iboniswa ngokuhambelana nembali kwaye isebenza njengeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuhambisa ulwazi. Ezi zikhokelo ziyabonakala kwi UCharanga kunye nentambula (1999) kunye Wayengumdrafti omkhulu (2001); kunye nezihloko zilandelayo:
Abahlobo bomphefumlo (2000)
Libali elihle elijikeleza ubungqongqo bobuhlobo phakathi kweLulai kunye neArturo. Izihloko ezinjengokwamkelwa komntwana (uLulai ngowona mTshayina kwaye wamkelwa xa wayeneminyaka emithathu ubudala) uxolelo noxolelwaniso zichaziwe. Kungumsebenzi apho uElvira Lindo eqaqambisa ubushushu bomntu ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na imeko yobuhlanga, yentlalo okanye yenkcubeko.
IBolinga (2002)
Kolu papasho, umbhali waseCádiz uzibeka ezicathulweni zegorila egcinwe sisazi sendalo uJohn Graham. ULindo ubalisa ibali ngokwembono yenkawu, engayiqondiyo indlela yokuziphatha engalunganga (kunye nenkohlakalo kwindalo) yabantu. Ngaphandle kwethoni ebalaseleyo yoburharha, kukho izithuba zomnqweno - xa ekhumbula ukufa kukanina- kunye nothando.
Malunga iinoveli zakhe abadala
U-Elvira Lindo ubonakalisile kunye neencwadi zakhe zabaphulaphuli abadala ukuba uneenkalo ezahlukeneyo zokudalwa koncwadi. En Into engalindelekanga ngaphezu kokufa (2002), ULindo uzobe "umtshato" womtshato phakathi kombhali osisityebi osele ekhulile nentatheli eselula. Ngena kwiingxaki kunye nobuthathaka babo baphambili, kunye nokucalulwa kwabo babangqongileyo. Kuba phantse kuye wonke umntu, watshata ngaphandle komdla hayi ngothando.
Kwelinye icala, in Ilizwi elivela kuwe (2005), abalinganiswa abaphambili ngabatshayeli bezitalato ababini abanemibono emibini eyahlukileyo malunga nomsebenzi wabo. Ngelixa uRosario onomsindo ekhathazekile, ithenda iMilagros iyavuya kuba ifumene umsebenzi ozinzileyo. Ngelixa uRosario ekholelwa ukuba ukhokele ubomi obungonwabisiyo (kwaye usola wonke umntu ngayo), ekugqibeleni wafumanisa ukuba iMilagros inayo irekhodi elibuhlungu ngokwenene.
U-Elvira Lindo: umbhali ugcwele amandla
Kudliwanondlebe olwenziwe nguNuria Morgado (Ijenali yaseArizona yezifundo zaseSpanishi, 2005), uElvira Lindo uchaze ezinye zeemeko ezinxulumene nendalo yoncwadi. Kule meko, umzobi waseCádiz uqinisekisile “… into embi malunga nababhali kukuba baba yipropathi yeengcali. Kubonakala ngathi awunakwenza nto kwabo sele beyicelile ”.
Ekugqibeleni, uLindo ushiya esi sivakalisi silandelayo: “Ke andibhalanga nto (ngokubhekisele kwiprojekthi malunga noLorca), kodwa kum ibiyinto enomdla kakhulu. Ke ndingathanda ukuvuya ngencwadana zam. Oko kukuthi, xa iinoveli zam zifundwa ithutyana, bacinga ukuba ndingumntu okhe waphila kakhulu, kwaye obu bungqongqo bunokuviwa ”. Kwaye ekubeni ingayeki, sele ebhale inoveli yakhe elandelayo Intliziyo evulekileyo ukumangalisa abaphulaphuli bakho kwakhona.