ESpain naseLatin America, uVicente Espinel sisinyanzeliso esisinyanzelo kwicandelo lomculo kunye nesibhengezo esithandwayo. Hayi kangako, umahluko awenzileyo weshumi usebenze amawaka eembongi nabaqambi ukuhambisa ezona mvakalelo zabo zinzulu. Amandla egalelo lakhe ahlala ekulula kunye nokuqina kwengcinga.
Nangona kunjalo, zininzi iintsomi ezijikeleza inani lakhe. Izinto, eziphindaphindwe kangako, zithathiwe ngokuqinisekileyo. Apha siza kuzama ukucacisa ezinye, kwaye, ewe, umnyango ushiywe uvulekile kuye nakubani na ofuna ukwenza igalelo lakhe.
Imibuzo ephakama malunga ne-Espinel
Ukuhlalutya inani le-Espinel, akunakwenzeka ukuba le mibuzo ayiveli:
Ngaba u-Espinel wayengumngenisi weshumi?
Ngaba ifomula ye-spinel yayingumbono wakhe?
Zingaphi i spinels azibhalileyo?
Kutheni idume kangaka?
Ndizakuzama ukuphendula eziqhina.
Izinto ezintathu ezithethwa ngabantu abaninzi nge-Espinel
Kuqhelekile ukuva malunga nemibongo yeVicente Espinel. Zihlala ziphindaphindwa phakathi kweedemimistas kunye nabazithandayo bembongi. Uninzi luyakhwaza:
- «Espinel yinto enkulu! Wadala isishumi!
Abanye bayakhwaza:
- «Espinel yinto enkulu! Wadala i-XNUMX spinel!
Abanye baphindaphinda ngokuvakalayo:
- «Wabhala amawaka eshumi! Kugqibelele!".
La kunye namanye amabinzana onokuva kwindibano kunye nakwiindibano zeamateur. Iphindaphindwe ngabantu abaqeqeshiweyo kulo mbandela. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubhekisele kwezi ngxelo zintathu zikhankanywe apha- ngaphandle kokubini kokubonakala ngathi kuyafana, kwaye ezi zintathu ziyinyani- ezimbini azilunganga ngokwembali. Ewe ziyimveliso yophindaphindo, ukwamkelwa kweekhrayitheriya ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamalungiselelo kunye nemifanekiso efanayo eyaziwayo.
Ukucacisa kancinci into ethethwayo
Isivakalisi sokuqala asilunganga. U-Espinel akazange asungule ishumi. Le fom yesihobe yayikho kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Isivakalisi sesithathu naso asilunganga. U-Espinel akazange abhale amawaka eshumi. Ngapha koko, khange ifikelele nakwikhulu. Kodwa, baya kuzibuza:
- "Kwaye ngubani owaqulunqa isishumi?"
- "Kutheni spinel?"
- "Zingaphi izishumi ezibhalwe nguEspinel?"
Siya ngamacandelo, okokuqala kuyafuneka ukucacisa amagama.
Yintoni isishumi?
Kwisihobe, "ishumi" sisiqendu nje semigca eli-10, amalungu amathathu asibhozo. Ngokukhethekileyo nangokuqhelekileyo, kunye neengqungquthela eziguquguqukayo ngokwembongi ayenzileyo ngokuthanda kwakhe nokubonakala kwakhe. Kwangolo hlobo lunye, ukuthetha ngomqambi "weshumi" kunesibindi kakhulu kwaye kunzima ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto ngelo xesha malunga noku. (XIV kunye XV iinkulungwane).
Inyani yile, ngolwakhiwo, isishumi, ngaphakathi kweendlela zaso eziqhelekileyo zakudala, senziwe ngee «limerick ezimbini” (izitanza zeevesi ezintlanu zobugcisa obuncinci ezinemvano-siphelo eyahlukileyo). Umzekelo: ababacdcdc, apho iivesi 5 kunye ne-6, ngokulandelelana, zisebenza njengezihlanganisi, zombini kumbono womyalezo imbongi efuna ukuwudlulisa, kunye nomculo okanye ingoma yombongo. Oko kuguqulwa kuboniswe apha ayisiyiyo kuphela ekhoyo. Kunokuthiwa, kwisimbongi ngasinye, uhlobo lweshumi.
Ukuthandwa kohlobo lwemibongo olucetywe ngu-espinel, i "spinel"
Into eyenzekileyo kukuba, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezinye iindlela zaye zaduma ngakumbi kunabanye, ngenxa yomculo kunye nemvakalozwi. Kwaye, njengakwimeko ka-Espinel, ngaphandle kwale miba mibini ikhankanywe apha ngasentla, kufanelekile ukuqaqambisa umzuzu wembali awayehlala kuwo kunye nababukeleyo-amadoda amakhulu kakhulu eeleta-abaxhasa yena.
Ngoku, "ishumi lokujikeleza" sisimbongi esahlukileyo esenziwe nguVicente Espinel. Ngenxa yoko "spinel." Ezisi-8 zazo zipapashwa kwincwadi yakhe Iingoma ezahlukeneyo. Le fom yesihobe inesicengcelezo silandelayo abba.accddc. Unobumba ngamnye lilungu lokugqibela kwivesi nganye, kwaye ke yimvano-siphelo yaso.
Inqaku elichazayo (.)
Uyakwazi ukuxabisa apha, ngaphandle kwesiqhelo esidumileyo esifunyenwe ngu-Espinel kwaye awubonwa phambi kwegalelo lakhe, enye into: emva komqolo wesine, kwaye ayisiyo typo, kukho ixesha. Oku kubekwe ngokupheleleyo kwinjongo yile seva kwaye ngaphambili ngu-Espinel ngokwakhe.
Kwaye ngelixa ixesha (.) Kubonakala ngathi lilula kwaye alikho kangako, longeze amandla awodwa kunye nokucacisa kule fomu yemibongo. Ngapha koko-kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba unciphise-, nangona ibiyinto ebalaseleyo kwimbongi (kwaye igxininisiwe ngabaphengululi kunye namadoda amakhulu oonobumba bamandulo nangoku), yena, u-Espinel, mhlawumbi, khange abone kwangaphambili Impembelelo yamanqaku asayiniweyo kwixesha elizayo.
Ezinye iintlobo zezishumi
Ukusukela oko yaqalwa, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezishumi ziyaziwa. Ewe, kunjalo, ngokubhekisele kwisingqisho sakhe. Nangona, namhlanje baphantse balibaleke. Phakathi kwezi, sinokuthiya amagama:
- iqeecs.
- mzantsiweb.
- ababccddc.
Le fomu yokugqibela ivela ku-Espinel, kwaye ikwavela kwi IiRhymes ezahlukeneyo.
U-Espinel kunye noo-godparents bakhe abakhulu
Ngoku, inqaku licacisiwe, Kutheni le nto, phakathi kweembongi ezininzi kangaka, ukuba ukwahluka kuka-Espinel yeyona nto yayendele nzulu kwaye isasazekile? Ewe, masithi uEspinel wazalwa enenkwenkwezi enethamsanqa.
Imbongi, ngaphandle kokuba nesiphiwo nokufunda, Utyala udumo lwakhe kunye nokusasazeka komsebenzi wakhe kwezinye iileta ezimbini: UMiguel de Cervantes kunye neSaavedra kunye UFeliks Lope de Vega, ngubani, xa befunda ii-spinels zabo encwadini IiRhymes ezahlukeneyo, bothuswa kukubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ulwakhiwo lwemibongo beluthathe ngotshintsho olwenziwe ngu-Espinel. Kakhulu, kangangokuba bamdumisa kakhulu kwiimpapasho zakhe.
Into ehlekisayo ngobomi, kwaye kulungile ukuba uqaphele, kukuba uCervantes kunye noLope de Vega babezondana, kungatsho ukuba babemanyene kukuthanda kwabo u-Espinel.
Uxabiso lukaLope de Vega
U-Lope de Vega kathathu
“Zihloniphe kakuhle kwiintaba zeRonda,
kuba namhlanje iliva lakhe liba yintendelezo ekhuselekileyo,
Makufihlwe igama lakhe ".
Ixabiso leCervantes
Y ingawenzi ubhala:
"Ndingathetha izinto malunga ne-Espinel eyaziwayo
ezigqitha ukuqonda komntu,
yezo nzululwazi zizala esifubeni sakhe
Umoya oyingcwele kaPhoebus.
Kodwa, kuba ayikwazi ulwimi lwam
Nditsho elona lincinci kwezona ndiziva,
ungathethi kwakhona, kodwa unqwenela ezulwini,
thandaza uthathe usiba, thandaza uhadi ».
Ezishumi kuphela ezaziwayo ze-Espinel
Ngoku, malunga nezishumi ezibhalwe ngu-Espinel-kuphela kwabo babhalise egameni lakhe-balishumi kuphela.
Ababini abazinikeleyo "KuDon Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses", ofundeka ngolu hlobo:
I
"Ukuba kungakho nje ububi,
Aba, uGonzalo, banjalo,
Ewe, kwezigulo zakho ezibuhlungu
ufumana ukuthandwa ngokubanzi.
Yazi amabele omeleleyo,
ukuba ngelishwa uyakhulelwa,
ukuba nomkhondo wasezulwini,
phakathi kwezikhalazo nezikhalazo,
amashwa ogqitha kuwo
kwaye uyazamkela izidima ”.
II
"Kwinzonzobila enzulu
ngobubi bakho bangoku,
Ngubani owenza ukuba ulumke
kodwa imisebenzi yakho ngokwabo?
Izidudu ziyekile,
ukwenza iindlela ezimbi;
kunye neentetho zakho ezibuhlungu
baya kupapasha iikhonsepthi zakho
eminqubeni efihlakeleyo
nakukhuphiswano ngokubanzi ”.
Kwaye ii-spinels ezisibhozo zeeRhymes ezahlukeneyo
Ezi ziphethe isihloko "redondillas". Le mibongo yenza inombolo yama-61 kwezingama-86 eziqanjiweyo okanye "izicengcelezo" ezazibandakanywe ngu-Espinel kulo msebenzi ubaluleke kangaka. Zezi:
I
Akukho kulungileyo kundinqanda ebubini;
uyoyikeka kwaye uyothuka,
yokungafanelekanga,
kwaye wacaphuka.
Kwaye nangona isikhalazo sam, sishiywe lixesha,
kwaye isizathu siyandikhusela,
ngakumbi kumonakalo wam
ukuba ndimelane nabo bandikhubekisayo,
njengenja enomsindo
Uyayikhubekisa umniniyo ”.
II
Sele le thamsanqa, esiya sisiba mandundu,
wajonga ke ezinkwenkwezini,
yintoni eyenza izikhalazo ngam
endibenzayo ngoku.
Kwaye linjalo iphutha, madam,
koku kulungileyo, oko kwengcinga,
ndididekile kwaye ndibuhlungu ndizifumana,
Ungathini xa bendibuza wena
abo bakrokrela ukonakalisa kwam,
ngenxa yokuhlazeka shame ndazivalela ”.
III
"Abantu bahlala bendixelela,
ukuba uyabazi ububi bam,
esona sizathu siphambili
Ndiyayibona ibhaliwe ebunzini lam.
Kwaye nangona ndidlala okhaliphileyo,
emva koko ulwimi lwam lutyibilika
ke iyakha kwaye ibonakale,
ukuba isifuba asichithi
akukho ukuzenzisa okwaneleyo
ukugubungela ngothuthu ”.
IV
"Ukuba bakubiza ngegama, okanye ukuba ndikubiza ngegama
Ndihlala ndizele,
zihlala zihlala
enentshebe egxalabeni lakhe.
Ukuba ndiyamangaliswa zizinto eziliwaka,
kuba ngethamsanqa lam elincinci
inhlanhla yam ayiqinisekanga,
mhlawumbi iilwimi zithi,
ebibangelwe kukuncipha kwayo
ebelishwangusha ”.
V
Ndifuna ukukwazisa
le nyaniso njengengqina,
Kunotshaba olubhengeziweyo
Ndikubambe nyani.
Ndithi, nangona ndideliwe, ndiyafa;
nidane ngaphandle kwesizathu
Akunjalo, ngenxa yento ebisilela kum
ukuba kwintetho yethu yonke,
incasa elungileyo njengeyakho
ngekhe akhohliswe ”.
VI
"Olu lwaneliseko kuphela
Ndinomonakalo omninzi oshiyekileyo,
ngekhe kwiminyaka emide kangako
Isizathu sam sikucaphukisile.
Okungakumbi kunomdla ongakumbi
isenokuba uyayikhanyela,
xa ufuna,
kodwa kulwaphulo-mthetho olukhulu kangako
okubhalwe ngaphezulu kuhlala kuphila,
ovela kum ukubhala ngesandla ”.
VII
"Oku kulomeleza ukholo lwam
kwilinge lakhe lokuqhubeka,
kwaye inceba yakho ayitsho
Andizukuwasela la manzi.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba yayiyintoni
yiba njengokuqala,
ukuba ngenceba yenu ndiyathemba,
andiyi kuphelelwa lithemba,
ukuba akuyi kulunga ukuphosa
Intambo esemva kwekheyidron ”.
VIII
"Ingcinga ediniweyo
yeentlungu ezingeniswayo
jonga eyona meko intle
(ukuba kuthando kukho imeko elungileyo).
Isifuba sibuhlungu
Kananjalo uzuko alumondli;
Akukho zintlungu zimkhathazayo,
ukuphakama kwememori,
Akaziva zintlungu, nozuko,
Nokuba alungile nokuba imbi, ayimxhasanga ”.