Kule minyaka idlulileyo, ukusetyenziswa ngokungakhethiyo kwamadoda nabasetyhini kuye kwaqala. Ukusetyenziswa okungaphaya kwesiqhelo kulwimi. Yiyo loo nto abaninzi beyibona njengesiqhelo kwaye ichanekile ekusebenziseni isini xa efuna ukubhekisa kwiqela.
Akuqhelekanga ukuva ukuba "amakhwenkwe namantombazana", "bonke kunye nabo bonke" okanye "baninzi nabaninzi" ukunika umzekelo olula. IRAE ikwazisile oko ukusetyenziswa kwala mabinzana kuchasene nokuqheleka kolwimi kwaye kufuneka ifikelele esiphelweni ukuba usetyenziso lwayo lulwimi kuphela.
IRAE iyakhumbula ukuba isiqhelo sibonisa ukuba kwimeko yokubhekisa kwiqela kusetyenziswe igama lesiqhelo elihlangeneyo hayi elomntu ngamnye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, udibaniso oluhlangeneyo luhambelana nefom yobudoda, yiyo loo nto ukubhideka kwabaninzi xa uyisebenzisa, kodwa nokuba siyayithanda okanye asiyithandi, isibizo esiqhelekileyo siyile nto siyiyo kwaye asinakuguqulwa.
"Ungazisebenzisa zombini izini xa ufuna ukuqaqambisa okanye ukuthetha ngazo", ngokweRAE
IRAE ikwaphawula oko Kuphela ngabantu besini ababini ekufuneka besetyenzisiwe xa ufuna ukuqaqambisa okanye ukuthetha ngabo, umzekelo: "esi sifo sichaphazela amakhwenkwe namantombazana aloo minyaka." Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, umlo weRAE uzobanzima kwaye ube nzima kuba okwangoku sinamatyala amaninzi okusetyenziswa gwenxa, kokubini kwiindawo ezinokulinywa okuncinci nakwiindawo apho kulindelwe ulwazi oluphezulu lolwimi kodwa ke bakhethe ukutsiba lawula. kuba "ayifani."
Owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo wale yokugqibela ufumaneka kwi "AMPA" edumileyo yezikolo. Kule meko, zombini izini ziyasetyenziswa xa iqela "Ngabazali". Ewe, ndiyazi ukuba ikwangumntu wobudoda kwaye iyavakala ingamehlo, kodwa asinakutshintsha amagama kuba siyabathanda okanye asithandi. Kwaye kusamangalisa ukuba umbutho osondele kakhulu kwihlabathi lezemfundo utshintshile ngaphandle kokuphikiswa ngabafundisi-ntsapho okanye oonjingalwazi ekufuneka "befundisile."
Mininzi imizekelo kwaye ukusetyenziswa akukhethi, ke Ngokuqinisekileyo kungcono ukuba iRAE itshintshe umthetho kunokuba izame ukuyisebenzisa kakuhleNangona kunjalo, kuhlala kulungile ukubona ukuba iziko elidala liqhubeka njani nokusebenza kwimisebenzi yalo: Coca, setha kwaye ukhanye.
Kulungile. Bendihlala ndiyazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesininzi esilawula isini sonke, kwaye ngequbuliso ndizifumana ndinobuntu obuphakamileyo obenza impazamo enjalo. Kuba ngathi abafumani kwaSpanish esikolweni.
Ummm kodwa la "makhwenkwe namantombazana" "abemi nabemi" "bonke kunye nabo bonke" benziwe babonakala kubo bobabini abantu besini ... kwaye bavela ngokulingana ngokwesini eluntwini ... iyaqondakala.
Selena othandekayo,
Injongo yolwimi kukuhambisa izimvo ezingaqondakaliyo phakathi kwabo baluthethayo, ngeyona ndlela isebenzayo neyona inqabileyo. Ngokusebenzisa bobabini isini ukubhekisa kwiqela, siyayifihla intsingiselo, kwaye senze ukuba kube nzima ukuqonda izimvo esizivezayo. Kwilizwe lam, eVenezuela, imithetho ebhalwe kwiminyaka eli-18 okanye eli-19 edlulileyo yamkele umkhuba ongafunekiyo wokuchaza "amakhwenkwe namantombazana", "bonke abemi, nabo bonke abemi", "abasebenzi" namabinzana afanayo, amaxesha amaninzi ebotshelelwe emva enye. Nabantu abafundileyo baphela befumana ubunzima ekuqondeni oko kuthethwayo, phakathi kwamagama amaninzi angenamsebenzi angadibanisi nto kwinto echaziweyo. Ayivakali intle, kwaye yenza ukuba kube nzima ukuqonda esikuthethayo okanye esikubhalayo.
Isicwangciso esahlukileyo, kodwa esisebenza ngakumbi, sisetyenziswe ngabantu baseMelika ekusebenziseni kwabo isiNgesi. Basebenzisa nje ubufazi ukuba babhekise kwiqela. Kuyavakala kungaqhelekanga ekuqaleni, kodwa sakuba siyiqhelile, iminqweno efanelekileyo yokulingana ngokwesini inokuhlonitshwa, ngaphandle kokufihla intsingiselo.
Ekupheleni kosuku, kungangcono ukulandela imigaqo yolwimi lwethu, kwaye siphumelele ukulingana ngokwesini ngomthetho kunye nemfundo, endaweni yokucacisa utshintsho olwenzeka kulwimi olungaqinisekisi utshintsho lwenene. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, thina manene asikhubeki okanye singabonakali xa umntu esithi singabobuntu, nokuba singabafazi kangakanani.
Regards,
UCarlos Contreras.
UCarlos, enkosi ngala mazwi, ndiyavumelana nawe, mva nje ndiye ndabona ngonxunguphalo olukhulu ukuba ngabo abo bafazi bacalucalulanayo ngamazwi anje ngala; Ewe ukulingana ngokwesini kungcono ukukufuna ngomthetho, imfundo kunye nokuzithemba.
UJaneth Ma, ndiyayixabisa into yokuba ungumfazi okrelekrele, umfazi ongakhange awele kubufazi obunemfashini obuhlekisayo kwaye olungathetheleli kwanto. Ndiyathemba ukuba amanye amanenekazi acinga njengawe kwaye angenzi iimpazamo ezimbi.
Kulwimi lwaseSpain ubuninzi emadodeni bubhekisa kubantu besini esini (ubufazi kunye nobudoda)
Kungenxa yoko le nto kusithiwa abafundi bathetha into engeyiyo kuba umfundi ngumntu ofunda nokuba uyindoda okanye ungumfazi kwaye ukuba sisebenzisa umthetho wobuninzi besilisa (abafundi) ubhekisa kubo bobabini abasetyhini kunye nabesilisa abafundayo.
Ewe, iRAE ikwacebisa ukuba ungasebenzisi isichazi ku "kuphela" kwaye uyasisebenzisa. Njengoko i-academy isitsho kaninzi, umsebenzi wayo ayikokunyanzelisa ukusetyenziswa kolwimi, kodwa kukukuqokelela. Ke ngoko, xa ubunzima bezithethi ezingachongiyo ukuba ziyayeka ukusebenzisa amadoda, i-RAE kuyakufuneka ithathe ukusetyenziswa okungekho ngokwesini. Kwaye ayingomsebenzi wabo ukunyanzela intetho kuthi. Okanye, ubuncinci, yile nto bayithethayo xa benomdla ...
Igama "kuphela" lihamba nogxininiso xa lithatha indawo ka "kuphela", kwezinye iimeko alinaso isinciphiso ...
Sele ndidikiwe "ngabemi" kunye "namasekela abesilisa nabasetyhini", ukukhankanya nje ezimbini. UCarlos, ndicinga ukuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku uya kube sele uqaphela ukuba kwabo bangafuni ukuqonda, akukho ngcaciso yaneleyo.
Ukuba unomdla wokukhusela ulwimi, funda ukubhala. Isicatshulwa sigcwele iziphene zazo zonke iintlobo. Ukwenza umzekelo: "I-RAE ikwaphawula ukuba isini esitshatileyo kufuneka sisetyenziswe kuphela xa sifuna ukuqaqambisa okanye ukuthetha ngabo", ukunqongophala kwesivumelwano, into ebakhathaza kakhulu.
"Kule meko kusetyenziswa izini ezibini," enye into engafaniyo. Kwaye andiqhubeki kuba bendizophelelwa yindawo.
«… Nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kuyinto entle ukubona ukuba eli ziko lakudala liqhubeka njani nokusebenza kwimisebenzi yalo: Ukucoca, ukulungisa kunye nokunika ubuqaqawuli.»
Endala inqaku lakho lonke. Kudala kwaye kuyathandeka ukubabaza umsebenzi wokucoca, ukulungisa nokunikezela ubungangamsha ngokungathi yinto efunwa lulwimi kwiziko elinje.
Ngethamsanqa, ulwimi alukhathali kangako malunga nokuthethwa yiRAE kwaye luza kuqhubeka nohambo lwalo, luguquguquka ngokwedabi lenkcubeko elenzekayo eluntwini.
UCarlos ndiyavumelana nawe, ukuba sisebenzisa isini ngenye indlela oko akuthethi ukuba sifuna ukuthatha amalungelo okanye uxanduva ebantwini. Kwaye ke, lonke ulwimi luthanda ukwenza lula ngokwendalo, ke ngoku ukwandisa amabinzana, izimvo kunye / okanye amabinzana nabafana abini akwenzi ngqondo. Umbuliso kunye nombulelo wokufunda.
Ulwimi lunamandla kwaye kufuneka sivuleleke kulusetyenziso olutsha. Nokuba kungenxa yokuba kukho ukungqinelanayo njengesiphumo sokudibana kwenkcubeko (into ekhulayo njengesiphumo sokufuduka) okanye ngenxa yokuba iziganeko ezintsha azicingelwanga kulwakhiwo lokuqala.
Ukongeza, sidlula kwixesha apho kwenziwa iinzame zokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokwesini, kwaye lo mgaqo awuhambelani nezo njongo.
Ulwimi lunamandla, uluntu luyatshintsha. Ukufuna ukuyikhusela ayibobulumko.
"Ngaba ifanele iphele"? I "of" ayiyomfuneko ... Ngaphandle kokuba uyathandabuza, kodwa kuloo meko ingabhalwa kakubi. Kwaye kubonakala kunzima kum kwiphepha elikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lwethu olutyebileyo. Ndiyathemba ukuba uyayilungisa. Enkosi
Ndicinga ukuba okwahlukileyo kugcinelwa "umntu owenza ubuhenyu" kunye "nomntu okhathalela indlu", oya kuthi aqhubeke nokuba "ngoonongogo" kunye "noomama". Thina kwindawo yethu kwaye Bona kwezabo, njengoko kufanelekile. Kutheni le nto ukungafani kokubini? Ngaba inento yokwenza nembali? Ikwanxulumene nembali ethi i-generic yindoda?
Ngoku, xa amadoda eqala ukuba "ngamagosa" sele enziwe ukuba abe "ngumncedisi wenqwelomoya" ukuze kunganyanzelekanga ukuba bahambe kolo hlazo luquka ukuba ngumfazi. NgokweRAE, ubabiza njani abo babamkela iindwendwe abangamadoda?
Ndiyabulela kakhulu kwikhonkco "Inqaku lesini elingaphawulwanga", u-vlvaro. Ndiyithandile kakhulu kangangokuba ndiyiprinte kwi-pdf ukulungiselela ukuba isetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo.
Kubonakala kum ngokobuqu ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olubandakanyayo alusebenzisani nolwimi kuba lulwenza lube lubi kwaye alufuneki. Umkhwa kukunciphisa, hayi ukwanda. Nangona kunjalo ndabelana nabo bayisebenzisayo, ukuba kulungile ukugxininisa ukulingana ngokwesini. For that alone ndiyekile ukumgxeka.
Kwilizwe lam, amadoda enza umsebenzi wobugosa abizwa ngokuba ngabahambi ngenqwelomoya.
Kuhle. Abo banolwimi "lolwimi" bandicaphukisa kakhulu. Zange khe ndizive ndicalucalulwa kuba bathi "abafundisi-ntsapho", yiyo ke leyo.
Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba abavikeli abomeleleyo kwezi ziphelo zimbini bathetha njani xa bene tapas nabahlobo. Andikwazi ukuyicinga, zincinci iibhola.
Kuxhomekeke kuthi bantu abasebenzisa ulwimi ngokudibeneyo ukwenza ulwimi; kwaye izifundiswa zolwimi kufuneka zikhaphe ukusombulula iimpikiswano ezivela kolo sebenziso. Kule mihla, izithethi ezininzi zifuna i-generic ukuba ibandakanye isini kunye nesini. Ke ngoko, ndingavuya kakhulu ukuba iAkhademi inokunika isisombululo esonelisayo.
Isiphakamiso sam sisenzi generic kwi «e»: «ootitshala», «abathengisi», «abafundi», ootitshala »,« abadlali », amagcisa», abantu ». Ngale ndlela, bonke abantu baya kuziva bebandakanyiwe, nkqu nabantu be-transgender.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba, ukuba bazimisele ngokubamamela, izifundiswa ziya kuba nakho ukwanelisa iimfuno zethu ngendlela enobuchule neyamkelekileyo yazo zonke izithethi.
Nceda ukwanele ukubonwa kakhulu, ubuvuvu obunocalucalulo kunye nezinye izinto ezintle!
Ngoku kuyavela ukuba abo bangahlukanisiyo ngabantu ababelana ngesondo, ukuba i-RAE liziko elixineneyo neliphelelwe lixesha kunye nezinye izinto ezifanayo ezithe zathethwa apha ...
Masibone xa ezi pseudo-progressives zifuna ukufumanisa kube kanye kwaye konke ukuba isini asiphawulwanga, ukusetyenziswa kwendoda akubandakanyi mntu kwaye ayibobudoda.
Njengoko u-valvarez de Miranda esitsho kakuhle kwinqaku lakhe, ubudoda ayisiyiyo kuphela into engaphawulwanga kulwimi: kunjalo ke isinye xa kuthelekiswa nobuninzi (intshaba iqhubela phambili - intshaba-, inja - izinja kunye neenja- yindoda Umhlobo osenyongweni… kunjalo ke ngoku, sijongana nexesha elidlulileyo nekamva: UColumbus ufumanisa - wafumanisa - iMelika ngo-1492, ngomso kuzakubakhona - kuzakubakhona - iklasi, njl.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukho amagama angama-epicene angama-feminine: isidalwa, umntu, ixhoba, umlingiswa, ukuvelela; kunye nemibutho emininzi / amaziko akwangalawo: oMkhosi wamanzi, uMkhosi woLuntu, iAkhademi, njl. Andizange ndive mntu ukhala ezulwini "ngenxa yocalucalulo" olunokuthetha ukuba ezi zibizo zingabantu ababhinqileyo.
Uninzi lwabafazi abaqaqambe kakhulu (uSoledad Puértolas, uMaruja Torres, u-lesngeles Caso, uCarmen Posadas, uRosa Montero, uAlmudena Grandes, uSoledad Gallego-Díaz, uCarmen Iglesias, uMargarita Salas, phakathi kwabanye) basebenzise ubudoda njengobuni obungaziwayo kwiincoko zabo zokuqokelela yeeMbasa zePlaneta, zokwamkelwa kwiAkhademi yeeSayensi eziNqobo, kwizicatshulwa zabo, njl.
Kodwa ke kunjalo, inomdla ngakumbi kwaye ichanekile kwezopolitiko ukunyusa inkukhu ngenxa yocalucalulo lolwimi ngokwesini esingamakiswanga.
Khonza njengomzekelo lo, uthathwe kwiBulletin yeRoyal Spanish Academy kwaye ikhankanywe nguIgnacio M. Roca kuMgaqo-siseko waseVenezuela:
Ngabantu baseVenezuela kuphela ngokuzalwa nangaphandle kobunye ubuzwe abanokubamba iiofisi zikaMongameli okanye uMongameli weRiphabliki, uSekela Mongameli oLawulayo okanye uSekela Mongameli, uMongameli okanye uMongameli kunye noSekela Mongameli okanye uSekela Mongameli weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, oomantyi okanye oomantyi beNkundla ePhakamileyo. wezoBulungisa, uMongameli weBhunga leSizwe loNyulo, iGqwetha eliyiNtloko leRiphabliki, uMlawuli oMkhulu okanye uMlawuli Jikelele weRiphabhlikhi, iGqwetha eliyiNtloko leRiphabliki, uMkhuseli okanye uMkhuseli waBantu, abaPhathiswa okanye abaPhathiswa beeofisi ezinxulumene nokhuseleko lweSizwe ezemali, ezamandla, ezemigodi, ezemfundo; Oorhulumente okanye ooRhuluneli nooSodolophu bamazwe aseMdeni nooMasipala kunye nabo bacamngca kuMthetho weOrganic woMkhosi oxhobileyo weSizwe. "
Ngaba yile ndlela ufuna abantu bathethe ngayo ukuze bangangeni kucalucalulo? Ngaba akukho nto ilunge ngakumbi onokuyenza? Ukuba kunjalo, ndincoma ukuba ufunde ngakumbi, ukuba ujonge imanifesto ka-Ignacio Bosque kwaye ube nengqondo evulekileyo ngakumbi ukuze ubone ukuba ukuqonda okuncinci kunye nokuhambelana kuza kuwe.
Njengokuba i-RAE ibandakanya amagama ahambelanayo esingazange sicinge ukuba aya kuvela, kutheni ungafaki amagama amaninzi kunye nembono yesini? kuba into engachazwanga ngegama ayisekho, umntu uguquke kakhulu ukusuka ekubonakaleni kolwimi njengoko sisazi, kunjalo kubalulekile ukuba abantu basetyhini babizwe.
Sele siyisombulule ingxaki kwaye akukho namnye ngaphandle.
Oku kwenzeka kum ngo-2010 kwisikolo saseLa Salle. U-Apama kwasekuqaleni wayecinga ukuba uthetha umbutho womzali notitshala. Emva kweenyanga ezili-10 ndifundisa phaya, ibiyinto endiyaziyo ukuba "umbutho wooyise noomama" uthetha ukuthini
Ukuba ndinokunika iRAE inqobo yokugweba, ndingacebisa inyathelo eliya phambili kwiindlela ezintsha kwaye ngenxa yokunciphisa intetho, ndingatshintsha u-"A" kunye no "O" ka "E", ngoko ke siya kuthi: niñes (endaweni yokuba: Amantombazana kunye namantombazana), abemi (endaweni: abemi kunye nabemi).
Ngale ndlela siya kuzuza ulungelelwaniso phakathi kobufazi kunye nobudoda ngaphandle kocalucalulo kwaye siya kusindisa intetho eninzi, ngakumbi kwiipolitiki ezishibhile ezichitha iiyure ezininzi bekhupha intetho yabo egqithisileyo.
Imbi kakhulu indlela yam yokulinganisa i-ephemeral kwaye siyaqhubeka nokuphulaphula: uCaptain kunye noKapteni (nokuba amagama omabini aqulethe "A"), i-Admiral kunye ne-Admiral (nokuba isihloko sesidanga sabo bobabini sithi "Admiral".