Ngaphandle kokuba nembali emfutshane xa kuthelekiswa namazwe ezwekazi lakudala, i-United States ichaza inxenye yemeko yangoku eNtshona. Indaleko ezi Ababhali ababalaseleyo baseMelika ibonakalisiwe kule minyaka ingama-200 idlulileyo idlala indima yokumisela kwinkcubeko nasekucingeni kwelizwe elilawulwa nguDonald Trump ngoku.
Ernest Hemingway
Kucingwa njengenye ye ababhali abakhulu benkulungwane yama-XNUMXIHemingway yayingumntu obekekileyo, indoda ekwaziyo ukufumana iindawo ezintsha emhlabeni ngamabali ayo. Ngokukhuthazwa ngamandla yinto ebizwa ngokuba "sisizukulwana esilahlekileyo" esenziwe ngabaphambukeli, abanjengaye, balwa kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala, iHemingway yathumela umfanekiso waseSpain kwimbali yakhe. Fiesta, ubungangamsha bekomkhulu laseFrance IParis yayiliqela okanye imiboniso yaseAfrika Ikhephu laseKilimanjaro. Uthando awayenalo ngolwandle lwaluza kumsa eCuba, apho wayeza kubhala khona owona msebenzi wakhe waziwayo, Indoda endala nolwandle, yapapashwa ngo-1952. Emva konyaka, umbhali wayeza kuphumelela Ibhaso likaNobel kuNcwadi ekuqwalaseleni umsebenzi wakhe wonke.
UWilliam Faulkner
Ophumeleleyo kwiBhaso likaNobel kuNcwadi ngo-1949, uFaulkner wayengomnye Iincwadi zaseMelika zokuqala zoncwadi ngokwamkela ubuchule bokubalisela kubabhali baseYurophu abanjengoVirginia Woolf okanye uJames Joyce. Umsebenzi wakhe, ophawulwa sisichazi-magama ngenyameko, izivakalisi ezinde kunye novavanyo olutsha olunje ngemilo yangaphakathi, yenziwe ngemisebenzi efana Ingxolo nobushushu, egxile kusapho olubi lweCompson, okanye amabali amabini adityanisiweyo Imithi yasendle, Ukongeza kwi-infinity ye amabali amafutshane ifakiwe kwingqokelela yakhe Amabali aqokelelweyo.
UMark Twain
Uthathelwa ingqalelo nguWilliam Faulkner njengo "tata weencwadi zaseMelika", uTwain wayengomnye wababhali ababalaseleyo bexesha lakhe, ngakumbi emva kokupapashwa kwebali elihlekisayo Ixoxo elidumileyo lokutsiba laseCalaveras County ngo-1865, nelatsala umdla welizwe lonke . Ebonakaliswa ngokugxeka kwilizwe elidala nelingabantu abadala, umsebenzi kaTwain ushiye ngasemva iinoveli ezibonakalayo INkosana kunye nehlwempu o Iintlanga zikaTom Sawyer, eyalandelwa ngokulandelelana kwayo yiAdventures of Huckleberry Finn.
UEmily Dickinson
Kwiminyaka eyi-150 eyadlulayo, imeko yoncwadi yayingabaqondi ababhali ababhinqileyo, imeko eyayiza kuba luxanduva kwinxalenye yobukho benye iimbongi ezinkulu zembali: UEmily Dickinson. I-Eccentric kwaye igcinwe, umbhali uchithe inxalenye yeminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe evalelwe kwigumbi eliqokelela kuye 1800 imibongo Ezili-XNUMX kuphela ezapapashwa ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi. Ngethamsanqa, ixesha lisivumele ukuba sihlangule eminye imisebenzi emikhulu kaDickinson, zonke ziphenjelelwe luthando, uburharha okanye iBhayibhile kwaye zibonakaliswe yimigca emifutshane okanye izicengcelezo ezingafezekanga ezikhokelele abanye babahleli ukuba baguqule imibongo yabo epapashiweyo ebomini.
Harper lee
Nangona ingenayo i-bibliografi ebanzi, uLee ubizwa ngokuba ngoyena wenza ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi emikhulu yoncwadi lwaseMelika: Bulala iMockingbird. Njengomphumo wobuntwana obaphawulwa zizilingo apho utata wakhe wayethathe inxaxheba kwaye wayehamba nomhlobo wakhe uTruman Capote, uLee wavakalisa inxenye yombono wakhe izihloko ezinje ngobuhlanga okanye imachismo Umsebenzi ophakamisa umlinganiswa ophambili, igqwetha u-Atticus Finch, emenza ukuba abe ligorha lesizwe elifunekayo kwishumi leminyaka elinje ngee-60. Uyilo lokuqala lomsebenzi, Hamba uthumele umlindi, yapapashwa ngo-2015, unyaka ngaphambi kokubhubha kukaLee.
Ingqungquthela kaTruman
I-Eccentric kwaye ngokukodwa, uCapote wakhulela kwiifama ezahlukeneyo kumazantsi e-United States apho aqala khona ukubhala njengendlela yokunciphisa ukuzihlukanisa. Sele ebutsheni bakhe, impumelelo yamabali akhe okuqala yamzuzela igama lesidlaliso "umfundi wePoe", isigaba esiza kudibana nempumelelo Isidlo sakusasa ngedayimani, yapapashwa ngo-1958 yaze yaqhelaniswa nomdlalo bhanyabhanya ngo-1961. Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo yayo yayiya kuba Igazi elibandayo, eyapapashwa ngo-1966 uphando olubanzi olwafumanisa iintsika zento ebizwa ngokuba "yintatheli entsha."
UJohn steinbeck
Ubomi bukaSteinbeck ngebukhuthaze incwadi ngokwayo: ukusuka emsebenzini wakhe kwiifama zaseCalifornia apho wadibana nenyani yabaphambukeli, kumava akhe eNew York athatha inxaxheba kulwakhiwo lweMadison Square Garden, ekugqibeleni uJohn Steinbeck wayeka. California, apho emva kokuhlala kwizibonelelo zentlalo kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, waqala ukubhala eminye yemisebenzi yakhe emikhulu. Phakathi kwezona zibalulekileyo zezi Kwimpuma ye-eden, I-Pearl okanye, ngakumbi, Iidiliya Zomsindo, IX-reyi yoXinzelelo oluKhulu eyathi ngeminyaka yoo-30 yabangela ukuba iintsapho ezininzi ezisuka kumbindi we-United States zifudukele eCalifornia, ziwuthathe njengamathuba amathuba. Umbhali uphumelele Ibhaso likaNobel kuNcwadi e 1962.
Edgar Allan Poe
Phambi kwabo bonke ababhali baseMelika benkulungwane yama-XNUMX, uPoe watyala imbewu yombhali ozimeleyo, okanye umntu othi uphila ngemibhalo yakhe ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into. Ephawulwe ngumntwana okrakra, iziyobisi zakhe etywaleni nakwiziyobisi okanye kwimizamo eyahlukeneyo yokuzibulala, uPoe watshiza indawo yendalo iphela kukhetho lwamabali anje Igciwane Bug o Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo oko kungabeka iziseko ze Uncwadi oluhle Ukuqhutywa ngabanye ababhali kwiminyaka kamva.
UStephen King
Ukuba kukho umbhali wangoku okwazi ukujija ezona zinto zoyikekayo ebantwini, nguStephen King, «inkosi yoloyiko»Kwaye umbhali wemisebenzi efikelela kumashumi amahlanu eyonwabele kakhulu impumelelo yoluntu. Nangona iindlela zakhe ezingaqhelekanga xa ebhala iinoveli zakhe ziye zagxekwa ziingcali, uKing ukwazile ukwenza imisebenzi efana Iintlungu, It, Amangcwaba ezilwanyana, noCarrie o Ukukhanyaezakudala eziyinyani zoncwadi lwanamhlanje olothusayo, uninzi luye lwahlengahlengiswa kwiscreen esikhulu ngempumelelo enkulu yebhokisi yeofisi
Baphi ababhali ababalaseleyo baseMelika bakho? Zeziphi ezona ncwadi zakhe uzithandayo?
Utata angaphoswa yinoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho yangoku, uJames Ellroy.