Ababali ababalaseleyo kwimbali

La uncwadi olufutshane Inamava emvuselelo kwiminyaka yakutshanje enkosi kumajelo asekuhlaleni kunye neepatheni zokusetyenziswa ezikhawulezayo kunangaphambili. Ithuba elihle lokuzikhumbula ezo Ababali ababalaseleyo ophetheyo ekudumiseni uhlobo oluthile, olude lwaphakathi kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX, lwaluphila kwiminyaka yalo yegolide.

Edgar Allan Poe

Wazalelwa eBoston ngo-1809, uPoe wayenguye ongunozakuzaku ophambili webali elifutshane eMelika kunye nomanduleli wohlobo oluthile olunje ngenzululwazi oko kungavula umnyango kwabanye ababhali ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX ukuya phambili. Ikwaqwalasele nombhali wokuqala ukuzama ukuphila ngamabali akhe, umbhali weGolden Beetle wayelikhoboka lobomi obaphawulwa ubunzima bosapho, utywala kunye noxinzelelo. Amava aphuma ezincwadini zakudala zoncwadi olufutshane avele phakathi phakathi kwe-satirical kunye ne-Gothic enje nge La caja oblonga, El Rey Peste okanye, umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu, Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo.

UGabriel García Márquez

Nangona kunjalo Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa Inoveli eyayiza kumenza inkwenkwezi yokubhala namhlanje, uGabo wahlakulela ubugcisa bebali elifutshane kwasekuqaleni kobomi bakhe. Ukusuka kwingqokelela Amehlo enja eluhlazaOko besele silindele iMacondo esiza kuyifumana ngesaga yaseBuendía kwintatheli Ibali lokulahla, umbhali waseColombia usinike amabali aliqela nekufanele ukuwakhankanya, phakathi kwawo anamandla Umkhondo weGazi lakho kwiKhephu, ebandakanyiwe kwingqokelela Iintsomi ezilishumi elinambini zePilgrim eyayithetha ngamava oonobumba abahlukeneyo besiLatin eYurophu neyapapashwa ngo-1992.

UAlice munro

Umvuzo weNobel ngo-2013 ngokusebenza kwakhe nzima kwibali elifutshane, waseCanada u-Alice Munro yenye ye eyona mizekelo mihle yoncwadi olufutshane. Nangona imibhalo yakhe yokuqala yafika kwii-60s, kwakungekho kude kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yama-70s apho wayeza kuqala ukwaziwa ngenxa yengqokelela Ingaba ucinga Ungubani?, elandelwa yimpumelelo yezinye izingqisho ezifana nezidumileyo Iinyanga zikaJupiter. Amabali kaMunro ahlala ebekwe kwi-Huron County, e-Ontario, kwaye ngokungafaniyo nabalinganiswa abangamadoda abancomekayo, abalinganiswa ababhinqileyo banzima ngakumbi, babandakanya umfundi ngamabali abo okulilolo, uxolelwaniso kunye nokuzazisa.

UAnton Chekhov

Ukuba kukho umbalisi webali oza kuqaphela, ngumRashiya lowo UAnton Chekhov, Umbhali wajika waba yi-kaleidoscope enamandla eRashiya yakhe, ilizwe elinyanisekileyo alibamba ngamabali akhupha ubunyani kunye nobunyani bendalo ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Nangona ekuqaleni iChekhov yaqala ukubhala ngokulula ngenxa yeminqweno yezemali, ekugqibeleni yaphela ibandakanya amatsha amatsha afana ne-monologue yangaphakathi, eyayiza kukhuthaza abanye ababhali abanjengoJames Joyce emva kwempumelelo yomsebenzi wakhe wokuguqulela kwakamsinya nje emva kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Isebenza njengeIiFlying Islands, Ukwanga Usizi sele luyinxalenye yembali yoncwadi kwindalo iphela.

UCharles perrault

Nangona ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe wawusekelwe ekudumiseni uLouis the Great, kwinkundla awayeyisebenzela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, uPerrault wayemiselwe ukubuyisela amabali obomi ukuze awazise kwizizukulwana ezitsha kwaye azenze zihlale ngonaphakade. UMdali wamabali abantwana (okanye mhlawumbi hayi kangako) njenge ICinderella, iHood Red Riding Hood okanye iPuss kwiibhotshi, ifakiwe kule ncwadi Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo, I-Perrault yenye yezona zibali zamabali zidumileyo embalini kunye nombhali ovela kuyo yonke indalo yokuziphatha yabantwana, ukuqiniswa okanye iimovie zeDisney.

UCharles Bukowski

Uzalelwe eJamani kodwa wabekwa kwilizwe laseMelika, uBukowski umele umfanekiso wasentsomini wombhali owonakeleyo: isiselo esinxilisayo, isini kunye nesondo malunga nomatshini wokuchwetheza onokuziphilisa ngawo (okanye oqhubeka nokufumana izibonelelo zokuphila ubomi obungalinganiyo). Nangona iinoveli zakhe ziyinxalenye yomsebenzi wakhe, yayingamabali amafutshane amenza waduma kwaye wakhuthaza sonke isizukulwana sababhali ukuba simthande. ubunyani obungcolileyo. Imizekelo ebalaseleyo yile Umatshini wokuThwalaIntsomi edibanisa amabali ahlukeneyo malunga nabalinganiswa kunye neemeko kubomi bemihla ngemihla bombhali, okanye ibali Umfazi Ofunwayo, apho uBukowski athetha ngothando olungenakwenzeka kwihlabathi elinobutshaba.

UJorge Luis Borges

Philosophy waluka umsebenzi lowo ingqalelo ababhali ababalaseleyo benkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Ukusukela ngoko ukuya kuthi ga apho indalo ye-Argentine Borges yatyhila ngokufumana okucacileyo kodwa ikwafuna neefom. Uncwadi lwezibalo okanye ezokulala ezithandekayo, ukufuziselwa kweBhayibhile, uShakespeare okanye iCabala, kuqinise umkhondo woku Umgqatswa ongunaphakade kwiBhaso likaNobel kuNcwadi Ingcaciso yayo yonke into kwaye akukho nto ngeeleta okanye ngamabali anje ngentsomi UAleph yenze ibe ngumgangatho.

UJulio Cortazar

Umntu wasekhaya waseBorges, uCortázar akakude mva xa kufikwa kumsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngumbali. Nangona inxenye yelifa lakhe ijikeleze incwadi yakhe edumileyo Rayuela, I-Cortázar yaqaqambisa umhlaba ngamabali apho ukuhlangana kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokubanjwa ngesandla ngesandla, ngakumbi kumabali afana neLa noche bocarriba, mhlawumbi enye amabali amnandi kakhulu, okanye iAxolotl, apho intulo yaseMexico isebenza njengomzekelo wokuthetha ngesizungu somntu.

UJuan Jose Arreola

Umlingane womnye umbhali wamabali amafutshane waseMexico onjengoJuan Rulfo, umbhali endiye ndasungula uncwadi olunje ngemagazini iPan, uArreola yenye ababalisi ababalaseleyo benkulungwane yama-XNUMX kwaye wayengomnye wabavakalisi ababalaseleyo eMexico. Umsebenzi wakhe odumileyo, Iyelenqe, yingqokelela yamabali athetha, enesigqebelo, iingxaki ezifana nesizungu, ukuba wedwa okanye iingxaki zothando. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, enye yeefayile ze- Uninzi lwababhali baseMexico.

Ezi Ababali ababalaseleyo Babethelele ingxelo emfutshane kodwa enzulu, baba ngababhali abakhulu bexesha labo kunye nefuthe kwizizukulwana ezizayo eziguqule ezi mfutshane zaba yindlela entsha.

Nguwuphi umbalisi wamabali omthandayo?