Imibongo kaMario Benedetti iphawule isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimbali yezwekazi laseMelika nangaphaya kwemida yayo. Le Uruguay Wayengomnye wababhali ababalaseleyo kunye nolwimi lwesiSpanish, enamagama angaphezu kwama-80 apapashiweyo agubungela zonke iintlobo zoncwadi kunye neendlela zoncwadi. Imibhalo yakhe igqithile ekufikeleleni kubafundi bakhe isithsaba ngokulula, kodwa ilayishwe yimvakalelo eyahlukileyo.
Malunga negalelo lakhe kwilizwe lezoncwadi, iRemedios Mataix, i-PhD kwi-Hispanic Philology kwiYunivesithi yase-Alicante, yathi: Ucebise uhlobo ngalunye alwenzayo ngamava afunyenwe kwabanye".
Ubuntwana, ulutsha kunye nenkuthazo
UMario Benedetti Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 14, 1920, e-Paso de los Toros, eTacuarembó, kwiRiphabhlikhi yase-Uruguay.. Kungekudala ngaphambi kokuguqula iminyaka engama-4 ubudala, intsapho yakhe yafudukela eMontevideo, apho imbongi yachitha ixesha elininzi lobomi bayo. Kwikomkhulu laseUruguay wabhala imibongo yakhe yokuqala kunye namabali ngelixa wayefunda amabanga aphantsi kwiSikolo saseJamani.
Kwakuyixesha elinzima kwiqela lakhe losapho ngokwembono yezoqoqosho. Wayengafane afunde unyaka eLiceo Miranda, kuba xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesine kwanyanzeleka ukuba asebenze iiyure ezisibhozo ngosuku kwivenkile yezahlulo zemoto. Izifundo eziziisekondari kwafuneka zigqitywe njengomfundi wasimahla.
Nangona kunjalo, uMario oselula uthathe ithuba lokuba afunde ngokweenkcukacha umhlaba ongwevu weeofisi zaseMontevideo, ibonakaliswe kumabali akhe amva. Ngokubanzi, uncwadi lwabemi lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu ngumbhali waseUruguay ukuhambisa iingcinga zakhe kubafundi abathetha iSpanish kwaye- ngenxa yeenguqulelo zakhe- kwihlabathi liphela.
Impembelelo kumsebenzi kaBenedetti
Ayothusi into yokuba uninzi lwe abalinganiswa abaziintsomi kunye nezithuba zamabali abo ziyahambelana nezalathiso zeMontevideo. Ukufakwa kwakhe kwangoko kwimarike yomsebenzi akuzange kumthintele ekuqhubekeni nokufunda nokubhala. Phakathi kwababhali bokuqala ababenempembelelo kwaye bamkhuthaza ngu-Maupassant, Horacio Quiroga, no-Chejov.
Emva kwexesha kwishumi elivisayo wayeqhubeka njengomntu othanda ukutya "incwadi”Funda ii-greats ezifana noFaulkner, uHemingway, uVirginia Woolf, uHenry James Proust, uJoyce no-Italo Svevo. Emva koko wangena kuncwadi lwaseLatin American kunye nomxholo wezopolitiko kunye no-César Vallejo wase-Peru kunye ne-Argentina uBaldomero Fernández Moreno njengezona mpembelelo zibalaseleyo.
Ubomi eBuenos Aires
Phakathi kuka-1938 no-1941 wayehlala ixesha elininzi eBuenos Aires. Kwikomkhulu laseArgentina wayesebenza njenge-stenographer kwindlu yokupapasha. UBenedetti ngokwakhe uxele kudliwanondlebe olwenziwe ngo-1984 ukuba iPlaza San Martín yayiyindawo apho wagqiba kwelokuba abe ngumbhali.
Ngo-1945 wajoyina iqela lokuhlela likaMarcha, iveki eyayidume kakhulu ngela xesha de yavalwa ngo-1974 ngezizathu zezopolitiko. Kwakuloo nyaka waqala ukuqeqesha ukuba yintatheli noCarlos Quijano kwaye wabhala incwadi yakhe yokuqala yemibongo ebizwa ngeLa víspera indelble, eyapapashwa ngo-1945.
umshado
UMario Benedetti watshata noLuz López Alegre ngo-1946, iqabane lakhe lobomi kunye "nemyuziyam yanaphakade" de wasweleka ngo-Epreli 13, 2006, ulixhoba lesifo i-Alzheimer's. Uthando lolu lwalamano lubanzi lwabonakaliswa kumbongo wakhe "Boda de Perlas", ekhutshwe kwiLa casa y el brick (1977).
Iimpawu zomsebenzi wakhe
Phakathi kweempawu zesitayile esahlukileyo sikaMario Benedetti kunokukhankanywa: isimntwiso, isibaxo, kunye nomdlalo weqonga yayingamanani afunyanwa rhoqo kuncwadi. Amava kunye nezinto zobomi bemihla ngemihla zibonakala kwimixholo yazo ngendlela ecacileyo, okanye kungenjalo, kucacisiwe, kunye nabalinganiswa abachaziweyo.
Ngokufanayo, ukusetyenziswa kolwimi oluhlanganayo (the Zonkeo, umzekelo) ininzi ukuvelisa isazisi kunye nomfundi. Inika iimeko ezihlekisayo ngokuchasene noxinzelelo, apho uburharha bunxulunyaniswa nosizi. Kwangokunjalo, uBenedetti usebenzisa isibongo esikrokrisayo ukugcina ingqalelo yomfundi kwimisebenzi kamva.
Kanjalo, phantse lonke lisoloko longeza ukubanjwa kwemibono ye-surrealist, eyahlukileyo "kwimibongo"benedettiana". Umyalezo wakhe uvelise ukunamathela okukhulu phakathi kwabafundi bayo yonke iminyaka ngokubonisa kwakhe ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukuzinikela kokuziphatha kunye nezopolitiko.
Kodwa ukugxila kuphela kulomba wombhali waseUruguay yindlela yokumhlalutya ngendlela enomdla kakhulu, ukusukela Ubume bemibhalo yakhe (ngakumbi isihobe sakhe) sibonisa ubunzulu bobukho befilosofi, ngeengxaki ezinkulu ezivela kwezentlalo, zokomoya, ezengqondo nezenkolo.
Uhlalutyo lweminye yemibongo ebalaseleyo kaMario Benedetti
Ukuzonwabisa
Xa sasingabantwana
ezindala zazifana namashumi amathathu
amadama elwandle
ukufa kucacile kwaye kulula
kwakungekho
mva xa abafana
amadoda amakhulu ayengabantu abangamashumi amane
ichibi elwandle
ukufa kuphela
igama
xa sitshata
amadoda amakhulu ayengamashumi amahlanu
ichibi yayilulwandle
ukufa kwakukufa
zabanye
ngoku amagqala
Sele siyibambile inyani
ulwandle ekugqibeleni lulwandle
kodwa ukufa kuqala ukuba khona
eyethu.
Ukuzonwabisa Ngumbongo oqulathe izitanza ezine, ngasinye sineevesi ezintlanu. Imitha yayo ayiqhelekanga, nangona kunjalo, iivesi zasimahla zidlulisa isingqisho esithile. Isigaba ngasinye sinxulunyaniswa nenqanaba kumjikelo wobomi babantu (ebuntwaneni, ebusheni, ebudaleni nasekuluphaleni).
En Ukuzonwabisa, UMario UBenedetti uzibhaptiza kumxholo okhoyo malunga nokuziphendukela kwengqondo kunye nokuqonda komntu njengoko iminyaka ihamba, ukusuka ebuntwaneni ukuya ebudaleni nasekufeni ekugqibeleni. Uhlobo lweengoma lubonakalisiwe- kuyacaca- ngumntu okhulileyo ophakathi osele eshiye ngasemva amaxesha amatsha ngethoni yosizi oluthile.
Vuka, thanda
Bonjour buon giorno guten morgen,
vusa uthando kwaye uqaphele,
kuphela kwilizwe lesithathu
amashumi amane amawaka abantwana bafa ngemini,
kwisibhakabhaka esicwengileyo
iziqhushumbisi kunye namaxhalanga,
izigidi ezine zinoGawulayo
Ibawa inyibilika kwiAmazon.
Molo kusasa ekuseni, vuka,
kwiikhompyuter zika-gogo un
akusekho zidumbu ziphuma eRwanda
abantu abakholelwa kwimithetho esisiseko baxhela
basemzini,
upopu ushumayela ngokuchasene neekhondom,
U-Havelange ukrwitshi uMaradona
Bonjour Monsieur le Maire
Forza Italia buon giorno
I-guten morgen ernst ijunger
opus dei molweni ekuseni.
Vuka, thanda ngumsebenzi omnandi obonisa oovimba bolwazi abaninzi ukubonisa inkohlakalo yoluntu lwangoku: iimfazwe, ubhubhane, iintlekele zendalo, kunye nobuyatha benkolo yenkolo.
Kulo mbongo uBenedetti uzama ukushukumisa umfundi ngokuthetha naye ngokokuqala Ngelixa i-ironizing ngozakuzo lwamazwe aphesheya kunye nemidlalo njengesixhobo sokuphazamisa.
Imibongo kaMario Benedetti: ilifa kwimbali
Iimbongi zikaBenedetti ngumzekelo ocacileyo womyalelo ogqwesileyo wonobumba kunye nokuqwalaselwa okungcono kwendalo. Ukuba songeza kuloo nto yokuba umbhali afunde yonke incwadi elungileyo adibana nayo kwaye wayinonga isimbo sakhe ngeengcinga nangombono wababhali ababalaseleyo, ngoko umbono onokubakho wembongi uyanda. Akukho nto kwingqungquthela yakhe yesihobe iphakathi ezona ncwadi zemibongo zibalaseleyo kwimbali.
Inyaniso yileyo ngekhe uthethe ngemibongo yesiLatin American ngaphandle kokukhankanya igama layo, kwaye uya kubakho kwimbali yoonobumba, nganye Usuku lwemibongo, kude kungabikho kubhalwa; lilikhulu kangakanani ilifa lakhe.