Iye archemist

Iye archemist raive bhuku rechipiri rakaburitswa nemunyori weBrazil, Paul Coelho. Kunyange hazvo shanduro yayo yekutanga muna 1988 yakanga isina kubudirira mukutengeserana, nhasi chatova best seller nyika. Iko kuitika kwezita iri rakashandurwa mumitauro makumi mashanu nematanhatu hakuenzanisike. Midhiya senge Jornal de Letras wePortugal funga Iye archemist sebhuku rinotengesa kwazvo rinotaura chiPutukezi nguva dzese.

Chinyorwa chinorondedzera rwendo rweSantiago, mufudzi wechidiki mukutsvaga hupfumi mumapiramidhi eEjipitori. Murwendo rwake rwekugwenga, anodzidza pfungwa dzepakutanga dzekuvapo kwake nekuda kwekuteedzana kwakasangana neakasiyana manyorerwo mavara. Pakati pavo, dzidziso dzesainzi dzakakosha, uyo - mushure mekuburitsa simba rake rese - achazoshandura hupenyu hwe protagonist nekusingaperi.

Nezve munyori, Paulo Coelho

Kuberekwa uye mhuri

Mwanakomana wemhuri yakapfuma yepakati-yemhuri, Paul Coelho akaberekerwa muBrazil mu1947. Baba vake, Pedro, aive injinjini; amai vake, Lygia, amai vemba. Kubva pamakore manomwe akagashira dzidziso yechiJesuit kuColegio San Ignacio muRio de Janeiro. Nekudaro, tsika yekumanikidza yekunamata inounza mune wechidiki mhedzisiro yekurambwa kune ruzhinji. Asi kwete zvinhu zvese zvainge zvisina kunaka, nekuti mukoridho yesangano iri, basa rake rekunyora rakabuda.

Nguva yekusungwa kwepfungwa

Hunhu hwaPaulo hwekumukira hwakaratidzwa mukukura kwake, paakapesana nechinangwa chevabereki vake chekumuita mainjiniya. Baba vake vakatora hunhu uhwu sechiratidzo chekurwara uye vakasarudza kubvuma mwanakomana wavo (panguva mbiri) kuchipatara chepfungwa. Gare gare, mudiki Coelho akatanga kushamwaridzana neboka remitambo uye kuita basa rezvenhau.

Mushure mechiitiko chechitatu muchipatara chepfungwa - uye pazano rachiremba wemhuri - Paulo anosarudza kudzidza zvemutemo kuti adzokere hupenyu hwake munzira. Zvakawanda zvezviitiko zvakasviba uye kushushikana kwekunzwa panguva iyoyo zvakatorwa nemunyori mu Veronika Anofunga Kufa (1998).

Hippie kufamba uye mumhanzi pakati peudzvanyiriri

Coelho haana kupedzisa kosi yekuyunivhesiti, pachinzvimbo, akazvinyudza zvizere muchivhivhi chiitiko chemakumi matanhatu. Idzo dzaive nguva dzekuyedza nezve psychotropic zvinhu uye neyekusika kwemimhanzi naRaúl Seixas. Kusvikira 1976, Paulo akanyora nziyo dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu pane mamwe maalbubhu akapfuura mazana mazana matanhatu emakopi akatengeswa ese.

Muna 1973, Coelho naSeixas vakapinda mubato revanhu vakasununguka-kufunga vanopokana-nharaunda, Sociedad Alternativa, vaive zvekare varoyi. Iyi tsika yaizoshanda sehwaro hwechirongwa che Valkyries (1992). Munguva iyi, mudiki Paul akaiswa mutirongo nekuda kweku "musoro wekufunga" weye libertarian comic kring ha. Utongi hwehudzvanyiriri hwenguva iyoyo hwaizviona setyisidziro huru.

kurwadziswa

Mazuva maviri chete mushure mekuregererwa, Coelho akabiwa pakati pemugwagwa ndokuendeswa kunzvimbo yekuchengetedzwa kwemauto. Ikoko, akatambudzwa kwemazuva akati wandei. Vakamubata vakangomurega achienda nekuti munyori ainyepera kupenga. Akatumirwa katatu muzvipatara zvepfungwa akashanda seuchapupu. Zvinoenderana ne2004 biography (Ruiza, M., Fernández, T. naTamaro, E.), mushure mekusunungurwa, Paul ane makore makumi maviri nematanhatu "akange ave nezvakakwana" uye akasarudza "kuva neupenyu hwakajairika."

Roorano uye zvekutanga zvinyorwa

Kune rekodhi kambani Polygram - kwaakashanda kwegore - akasangana nemukadzi wake wekutanga (Akange akaroorwa naye kweanopfuura makore maviri). Kutanga muna 1979, akatanga kuenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeEurope neshamwari yekare, Christina Oiticica. Naani iye akaroora gare gare uye anoramba ari kugarisana kusvikira nhasi.

Kutenda kusangana nehunhu muAmsterdam (ane chiziviso Coelho haana kumbobvira ada kuratidza), munyori weBrazil anotanga kuyanana neCatholic. Sechikamu chekuzvarwa patsva pamweya, Paulo akafamba neCamino de Santiago naChristina. Chiitiko ichi chakamukurudzira kuburitsa bhuku rake rekutanga muna 1987, Mufambi weCompostela (Dhayari remashiripiti), ine nhamba dzakaderera dzekutengesa.

Iye archemist (1988)

Sekureva kwemunyori iye, zvakamutorera chete mazuva gumi nemashanu kuti anyore Iye archemist. Kunyangwe chinyorwa chekutanga chakangotengesa makopi mazana mapfumbamwe, kushingirira kwemunyori weBrazil kwakabhadhara… Pakati pa900 na1990 basa rakawedzera kanodarika makumi mashanu, richidarika mamirioni gumi emakopi akauya. Sangano rekunyora Sant Jordi anotsanangura mucoelho's biography sei Iye archemist inomiririra shanduko pabasa rake:

“Muna Chivabvu 1993, HarperCollins anoburitsa chinyorwa chine mukurumbira chemakopi zviuru makumi mashanu che Iye Alchemist, iyo inomiririra chinyorwa chekutanga chebhuku reBrazil muUnited States. Muparidzi CEO John Loudon anotangisa bhuku racho achiti: Kwakaita sekumuka mambakwedza uye kuona zuva richibuda vamwe vese vachiri vakarara. Mirira kuti vamwe vese vamuke uye vaone izvi zvakare".

Nyika uko Iye archemist yakanyora runyorwa rwekutengesa zvakanyanya uye kukudzwa kwepamusoro

• Australia, Gunyana 1989.
• Brazil, 1990. Inova bhuku rakatengwa zvakanyanya munhoroondo yese yerudzi rweRio de Janeiro.
• France, yakatangwa muna Kubvumbi 1994, yakasvika pamusoro muna Zvita wegore iro (yakagara makore mashanu akateedzana). Muna Kurume 1998 iyo magazini verenga akamutumidza munyori anotengesa zvakanyanya pasi rese.
• Spain, Chivabvu 1995. Editors Guild Mubairo kubva kuWedhiyo Planeta (2001).
• Portugal, 1995. Muna 2002, Mupepeti wePergamino akamuti ndiye munyori anotengesa zvakanyanya mumutauro wechiPutukezi. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Zvinyorwa zveTsamba zvinomupa mutsauko wakafanana.
• Italy, 1995. Super Grinzane Cavour uye Flaiano International Awards.
• Germany, 1996. Muna 2002, yakatyora nhoroondo yekugara zvachose sechiverengero chekutanga chezita rakavharwa rakaoma Der Spiegel (306 mavhiki).
• Israeri, 1999.
• Iran, 2000 (zvisiri pamutemo nekuti nyika yeIslam haina kumbosaina iyo Chibvumirano chePasi rose cheCopyright). Gore rimwe chetero, akave iye wekutanga asiri muMuslim munyori kushanyira zviri pamutemo nyika iyoyo kubva 1979.

Nhevedzano yemavara kubva Iye archemist

Mutambi mukuru ndiSantiago, anofara-anofunga mufudzi weAndalusia achitsvaga yake ingano. Ipapo gypsy inotaridzika inotyisa inoonekwa, asi inozove kiyi yekududzira chiono chemuratidziro. Tevere, Melquisedec (King of Salem), mutengesi, Fatima (uyo Santiago anowira murudo naye) uye nyanzvi yesvomhu ine faketi yake yakadzidziswa yekuvhima.

Kuongorora kweAlchemist

Kupokana

Santiago, mufudzi wemakwai akasununguka kwazvo nemararamiro ake ekungofamba-famba, anotanga rwendo kuenda kunzvimbo isingazivikanwe kuti awane pfuma. Izvo zvakangoziviswa kwaari paaka dudzira zvakavanzika zvinokwanisa kusimudza muviri wake, pfungwa nemweya. Kuti uwane izvi zvisinganzwisisike zviratidzo, protagonist aifanirwa kurega hunhu hwese, kukudziridza mweya wake uye ndokusiya chero chiratidzo chisina maturo. Ipapo chete ndipo paakakwanisa kuteerera kune zvese zvakasikwa.

Pfungwa

Uchenjeri hunorara mukureruka

Santiago paanobvunza gypsy kuti adudzire chiroto chake chinodzokororwa pamusoro pemukomana anomuratidza hupfumi mumapiramidhi eEjipitori, anoodzwa moyo netsananguro. Neichi chikonzero, gypsy inotsanangura kuti: "zvinhu zvakapusa muhupenyu ndizvo zvakanyanya kushamisa uye vakangwara chete ndivo vanozviona."

Simba risingadzivisike rerutendo

Iyo protagonist inotsvaga pasina kukanganwa chiono chake (uye iko kushevedzera kwezvaanoda). Asi murume akwegura akapfeka zvipfeko zveArabhu - Melkizedeki - anomuyeuchidza nezve kusakundikana kwemhedzisiro. Murume mukuru anomuudza kuti: "pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu, tinotadza kudzora zviri kuitika kwatiri uye hupenyu hwedu hunodzorwa nekutenda."

Zvinhu zvese pamwe nemweya wacho

Santiago yakabvaruka pakati pehupenyu hwake hwenguva dzose uye chiitiko chakazara kusava nechokwadi. Merkizedeki anomukurudzira kuti arambe achitsvaga; Kana zvinhu zvikasaita, unogona kudzokera pakuve mufundisi. Murume mukuru anove Mambo weSaremi. Kana angoburitsa kuzivikanwa kwake chaiko, anotambidza Santiago dombo dema nechena nechinangwa chekumubatsira nemashura. Kunyangwe achisimbirira pakukosha kwe "kuzviitira wega sarudzo"

Mune kufunga kwese, sarudzo

Pane imwe nguva muAfrica, Santiago anonyengedzwa nemushambadzi, anoba mari yake. Zvino, protagonist inofanirwa kusarudza nemafungiro api aanofanira kutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Ndokunge, kana iwe uchizviona iwe semunhu akabatwa kana mubiridzi. Nekudaro, iye anofunga nezvesarudzo iri nani: kufunga kuti iye mushingi mukutsvaga hupfumi.

Kurota hakuenzaniswi

Mushure megore achishanda semuchenesa hwindo kune anoshanda, Santiago anokwidza mari inokwana kuti adzokere kuhupenyu hwake hwekare semufudzi. Asi mushandirwi anoziva sarudzo ichaitwa nejaya iri, nekuti "zvakanyorwa" (neruoko rwaAllah). Santiago haatenge makwai, iye acharamba achitsvaga kurota kwake nekuti zviratidzo zvepasirese zvakajeka.

Dzidziso yemurenje

Santiago anodanana naFatima, mukadzi wechidiki kubva kukaravhani yaiyambuka Sahara. Kunzwa kuri kudzoreredza, asi iye anomukurudzira kuti arambe achitsvaga kurota kwake uye anovimbisa kumumirira mune oasis. Pakati pekusuwa pamusoro pekuparadzaniswa kwekupedzisira, Santiago anogamuchira chiratidzo chevamwe varwi vachirwisa oasis. Kutenda iko kufungidzira, iyo Cacique nedzinza rake vanokwanisa kuzviponesa.

Rudo harumbokanganisa nzira kune yega ngano

Santiago anonzwisisa pfungwa iyi mushure mekusangana nemunhu akazara nemasimba asinganzwisisike. Izvo ndezve alchemist uyo anga akamumirira uye anotsanangura matatu marudzi ealchemist. Yekutanga inoedza kukura nekushanduka pamwe pamwe nharaunda yayo kusvika kune iro rinonzi ibwe remuzivi.

Rudzi rwechipiri rwealchemist runowana chipo chake kanenge netsaona, nekugumburwa, kana mweya yavo yakagadzirira kutora iro basa. Rudzi rwechitatu rwealchemist rinongoratidzira kukara negoridhe, nekudaro, haazombokwanisa kuwana "zvakavanzika". Mudzidzisi anogara achireva zvinhu zvakapusa, nekuti "zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive wadzidza munzira yako."

Iva sedutu

Kana mushandirapamwe wemauto ubvuta Santiago uye nyanzvi yezvinhu zvipuka, wechipiri uyu anoti anongori mutungamiri uye anofanotaura kushandurwa kwewadhi yake kuva dutu mukati memazuva matatu. Pakutanga, Santiago anozvipokana; gare gare anokwanisa kutaura nemamiriro ekunze uye nepasi rese, achikumbira musangano newaanoda. Chekupedzisira, kusangana kwejecha, mhepo, denga uye zvakasikwa zvinoshandura Santiago kuita dutu.

Pfuma

Nyanzvi yemakemikari inodzidzisa Santiago kushandura lead kuve goridhe. Kana jaya iri rasvika pamapiramidhi eEjipitori, rinoona chirahwe chichiviga machiri

kujecha uye kuridudzira sechiratidzo kubva kune zvakasikwa. Anotanga kuchera pfuma kusvika arohwa neboka revapoteri vehondo. Vanotora goridhe rese kubva kuSantiago uye vanoseka vachirondedzera hope dzake.

Asi mutungamiri wevapoteri anomuudza hope dzake. Muchiono chemutungamiri pane hupfumi hwakavanzwa pasi pemidzi yemuti wemitsamvi padivi pematongo, sacristy yaishanyirwa nevafudzi vemakwai. Neichi chikonzero, aimbova mufudzi anodzokera kunzvimbo iyo zvese zvakatangira (makore maviri apfuura) kuSpain. Ikoko anowana chipfuva nemari yegoridhe. Pakupedzisira, mhepo inomuunzira chizoro chinozivikanwa… Santiago ave kutonanga kune waanoda.