Pane zvishoma zvishoma zvasara zvemhemberero ya zana remakore yeimwe yezviitiko zvakakosha zvezana ramakore rapfuura. Iyo Gumiguru Revolution ya1917 muRussia yakaratidzirwa munhoroondo yevanhu. Ino inguva yakanaka yekuongorora zvimwe zve mazita makuru yezvinyorwa zvakakura uye zvakasarudzika zveRussia Saka tinoenda kumberi, ku XIX remakore, uko vanofarira nyaya vanofarira Pushkin, Afanásiev kana Chekhov vanogara vakafanirwa nekutariswa.
Alexander Pushkin - Mwanasikana waCaptain
Nyanduri, mutambi wemitambo uye munyori wenhau, Pushkin anonzi ndiye muvambi wemazuvano mabhuku eRussia. Basa rake rakagadzirwa mukati me kudanana. Iye aivewo piyona mukushandisa kwe mitauro mumabasa ake uye maitiro ake musanganiswa mutambo, kudanana uye kutevedzera.
Mwanasikana waCaptain Ndicho nhoroondo yenhau, kunyange zvazvo achitaura nezvezviitiko zvinenge zvenguva Pushkin. Inofungidzirwa se imwe yeakanakisa mumabhuku echiRussia. Yakatanga kuburitswa mu 1836 muchinyorwa chechina chemagazini yekunyora Chazvino y inotaurira mungano Kupandukira chaiko kwaPugachov zvakaitika pakati pa1773 na1774.
Ivo protagonists ndiPIotr Grinov naMaria Ivanovna, vane rudo nyaya inoenda kuburikidza akasiyana vicissitudes, kubva kuPugachev Kupandukira kusvika kumagumo kwayo, naEmpress Catherine pachigaro. Kukombwa, kurwisana, hushamwari uye kutengesa, vavengi vanozove shamwari uye zvinopesana, vanomhanyisa uye vanonunura. Asi pamusoro penyaya yese yerudo iyo inouya kuzadzikiswa kumagumo.
Alexander Afanasiev - Russian inorambidzwa ngano
Afanásiev (1826-1871) inozivikanwawo seye "Russian Grimm". Zvinogoneka kuti izvi nyaya yekuunganidza iri, padhuze neiyo yakaitwa nehama dzeGrimm, iyo refu pane iripo. Nekudaro, zvirimo hazvina kufanana nemagwaro eGrim.
ari Russian inorambidzwa ngano muunganidzwa wenyaya pfupi idzo dzakaunganidzwa nemunyori kubva kune anecdotes epakati nepazasi kirasi yeXNUMXth century Russia. Inosanganisira pfupi Russian, Ukrainian uye Belarusian nyaya pfupi uye yakatanga kuburitswa pakati pa1855 na1863. Kopi yekutanga yakaburitswa kuGeneva muna 1872, gore rimwe chete mushure mekufa kwemunyori.
Nyaya idzi yeeschatological zvemukati uye zvimwe zvinonyadzisira pane erootic, ivo zvakare vane bata rekuseka uye vanopokana-necharicalism, zvaireva kuti basa raive censored mune tsarist Russia. Dzimwe dzenyaya (dzine zvinopfuura mazita akajeka) ayo anosanganisira ndeaya: Mukadzi nebere Iyo inda uye nhata, Iyo pussy nedhongi, Geza mbongoro!, Kuroora kwebenzi, Jongwe rinopisa, Musangano wekutanga wemukomana nemusikana, Musikana wechidiki anofara, Nyaya yemupristi akazvara mhuru, Ndidziye! Uye zvichingodaro kusvika 78 nyaya.
Anton Chekhov - Kutanga nyaya
Chekhov inofungidzirwa iyo huru russian ngano tenzi. Akanga ari chiremba, munyori uye munyori wemitambo uye anowanikwa mu kuwanda kwepfungwa kwazvino kwechokwadi uye zvakasikwa. Akatonga nyaya pfupi senge mumwe munhu uyezve ari mumwe wevanonyanya kukosha kwete vanyori veRussia chete vezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Kubva 1879 Chekhov akadzidza mushonga kuYunivhesiti yeMoscow. Yaive panguva yaakatanga kubatana kubatana kunyora mumagazini akasiyana siyana. Akagadzirawo izvi nyaya dzekutanga, iyo yakabuda yakaburitswa mupepanhau oskolki, Petersburg pepanhau. Chekhov akafa musi waChikunguru 15, 1904 munzvimbo yekuGerman yeBadenweiler nekuda kwetibhi aine makore makumi mana nemana.
Mune imwe neimwe yenyaya idzi unogona kuona iko kugona mukati manzwiro emanzwiro uye mumufananidzo wepfungwa wevanhu. Akasarudza a nzira yakaoma mumagwaro avo, ayo ari izere nekunzwa uye kuseka. Nyaya dzake, dzakareruka uye dzichikurumidza mutoni, dzinoita kuti tinyemwerere. Asi ndipo patinopedza kuverenga kuti kuseka uku kunoshanduka kuva kutya kana isu takanzwisisa kuti takaonawo nhamo yese yehunhu hwevanhu.
Vamwe titles yenyaya idzi ndeiyi: (1883) Girazi rakakombama, Rufaro, roora, Mwanasikana waAlbion, Iye calumny, Mugungwa (nyaya yemufambisi wechikepe), Kubvunzana. (1884) Kushongedza. Vaimbi, Kuvhiya, Kubva pani yekutsvaira kusvika pamazimbe. (1885) Unifomu yaKaputeni, Chitunha, Muvhimi, Munyori, Girazi, Imbwa Inodhura.