Ndiani asina kuverenga "Lazarillo de Tormes"?

Nekungotaura nezvebhuku iri pfungwa dzangu dzinofamba dzichidzoka munguva uye dzinomira mumakore ekutanga echikoro chesekondari. Ungadai uine, vangani? Makore gumi nematatu kana gumi nemana, pamwe. Uye seni, ndinofunga kuti vazhinji venyu makaverenga bhuku iri "hafu" rakamanikidzwa nemudzidzisi wemitauro nemabhuku akatamba gore iro kunyanya.

Ichokwadi ndechekuti ini handina ndangariro dzakaipa dzekuiverenga, kunyangwe ndiri mumutauro usingachashandi zvachose nhasi uye ndave ndichiiverenga ndoda kungosungirwa chidzidzo chekuchikoro. Iwe unogona kutaura izvo zvakapesana, ndinofunga ndinozvirangarira izvo Ndakaifarira panguva iyoyo Uye kuti ini handinetse kuverenga zvakare dai ndisina zvakawanda zvekumirira kuverenga uye akawanda matsva uye akanaka mabhuku ekutsvaga. Tichataura nezvenyaya iyi mune chimwe chinyorwa, nezvekuverenga zvekare mabhuku kana kutanga kuverenga nyowani (iwe unofungei nezvenyaya iyi?).

Zvakanaka izvo, nhasi ndauya kuzotaura newe nezve izvi picaresque genre novel uye kukosha kwayakaita munguva yayo.

Kutanga picaresque genre novel

Inogona kuita senge imwezve picaresque inoverengeka, asi haina kuita seni, zvakapesana, iyo "Lazarillo de Tormes" Iine kukosha kwakasarudzika kuti hapana imwe picaresque genre novel ine, uye ndiko kuti yaive bhuku rekutanga rerudzi rwayo.

De asingazivikanwe munyori Nhasi, vanyori vazhinji vakaverengerwa kwaari pamusoro pemakore, pakati pavo: Juan de Ortega, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, hama Juan naAlfonso de Valdés, Sebastián de Horozco kana Lope de Rueda, pakati pevamwe vakawanda.

Pasina mubvunzo kutaura, inoverengeka yechiSpanish, na epistolary maitiro uye ndizvo yakanyorwa mumunhu wekutanga. Yekutanga kuburitsa zuva ndeye 1554. Iyo inoverengeka ine yakakosha mamiriro kune iyo nzanga yeSpain yenguva iyoyo, ndeyechokwadi chaizvo, kunyangwe iri pamuganhu paiyo utsinye mune dzimwe nguva dzezvakaitika.

Ndezvei?

Razaro, protagonist, anobva kuzvininipisa mavambo uye varombo, saka ivo vanofanirwa kunge vari kufunga kuti kurarama munzanga ine utsinye, ine unyengeri uye zvakanyanya kuomarara. Tevere, tinopfupikisa zvikamu zvese zvinopinda nhaurwa yebhuku rino, akati wandei acho ane hukama na "masters" aRazaro:

• Kwakatangira Razaro: Nhoroondo yehupenyu hwake inotanga nekutsanangura mamiriro ekuzvarwa kwake uye hudiki, zvese zvakaratidzirwa nekunyadziswa uye hurombo hwakakwana.

• Bofu, tenzi wake wekutanga: Amai vaRazaro vanomupa jaya chairo kune murume bofu. Naiye anofanirwa kudzidza kurarama sezvaanosangana nematambudziko makuru. Munguva ino apo Lazaro anokunda hunyengeri.

• Squire, rudo rwake rwechitatu: Mushure memurume bofu, Lázaro anoshandira mufundisi ane makaro uye ane udyire uyo anenge asingambomudyisa, uye gare gare squire anosvika. Uku nekusarura kwake kwakanaka kunomutadzisa kushanda, saka Lázaro zvakare ndiye anokwanisa kuwana chikafu nekuchigovera naye. Uyu simbe squire, zvisinei, ndiye wekutanga kubata Lázaro neruremekedzo, asi anotiza uyezve mushandi anosara ega.

• Shumira akati wandei: Lazaro anoshandira friar, mutengesi wenzombe, mufundisi, uye bailiff. Mushure meizvi akawana basa semutariri wedhorobha muToledo ndokuroora musikana webasa weArchpriest weSan Salvador.

• Chikamu cheArchpriest yeSan Salvador: Pekupedzisira, Lázaro akwanisa kuwana kumwe kubudirira uye haana hanya nemakuhwa aripo akakomberedza mukadzi wake uye nehukama hwaanacho nemutungamiriri. Muenzaniso weizvi unogona kuonekwa mundima inotevera yakatorwa mubhuku.

- Lázaro de Tormes, uyo anofanirwa kutarisa kutaura kwendimi dzakaipa haazombofa akabudirira. Ndinotaura izvi, nekuti handaizoshamiswa nekuona mukadzi wako achipinda mumba mangu achimusiya. Anopinda zvakanyanya kukukudzwa kwako nekwavo. Uye izvi ndinokuvimbisa. Naizvozvo, usatarise pane zvavanogona kutaura, asi pane izvo zvaunazvo, ndinoti, kuti zvikubatsire.

 

"Sir," ndakadaro, "ndafunga kusvika padhuze nevakanaka vakomana." Ichokwadi kuti dzimwe shamwari dzangu dzakandiudza chimwe chinhu pamusoro peizvi, uye kunyange kanopfuura katatu vakandiratidza kuti, asati andiroora, akabereka katatu, achitaura zvine ruremekedzo nezveNyasha Dzako, nekuti ari pamberi zvako.