Leon Tolstoy akafa pazuva rakafanana nanhasi muna 1910. Inofungidzirwa imwe yeiyo vanyori vakuru venhoroondo, ivo hunhu hunoshamisa uye mudziviriri mukuru we huzivi hwekusaita mhirizhonga, Kunze kwekuve anogutsikana wezvinomera uye anarchist. Zvichida padhuze ne Fyodor Dostoyevsky, ndiye quintessential Russian novelist, ane mazita akadai Hondo nerunyararo o Anna Karenina. Kuti vayeuke ipapo ndipo pavanoenda 25 mitsara yakasarudzwa yemafungiro ake nebasa.
Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
Akazvarwa mu mhuri ine mbiri, Tolstoy akawana yake kutanga kubudirira kukuru kwekunyora mumakore makumi maviri ekutanga aine semi-autobiographical trilogy yakatumidzwa Udiki, hudiki uye hudiki y Sevastopol nyaya, zvichibva pane zvaakaona panguva yeCrimea Hondo. Yake basa rekunyepedzera rinosanganisirawo nyaya pfupi uye mashoma enganonyorwa Chemhondoro Rufu rwaIvan Ilyich, Mufaro wemhuri o Hadji murad (atofa). Akanyorawo theatre uye mazhinji mafirosofi maficha, chibereko che simba reFrance Jean Jacques Rosseau.
Mamwe mazita aive Ivo Cossacks, Polikushka, Makanda maviri, Kureurura, Humambo hwaMwari huri mamuri kana Rumuko. Asi pasina kupokana yavo summit inoshanda ivo vaiva Hondo nerunyararo, epic huru yekupinda kweRussia naNapoleon muna 1812, uye Anna Karenina, ese akaburitswa muzvikamu pakutanga uye akagadziriswazve firimu neterevhizheni kakawanda.
25 mitsara yaTolstoy
Nezve rudo, zvematongerwo enyika, huzivi, chitendero kana kunyora.
- Mari inzira itsva yeuranda, inosiyaniswa neyakare chete nenyaya yekuti haina hunhu, kuti hapana hukama hwevanhu pakati patenzi nemuranda.
- Kune nzira imwe chete yekufara: kurarama nekuraramira vamwe.
- Mufaro wangu ndewekuti ndinoziva nzira yekukoshesa izvo zvandinazvo uye ndisinganyanye kushuvira zvandisina.
- Ndinofanira kujairira pakuti hapana munhu achazombondinzwisisa. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuve zvakajairika kuguma kwevanhu vakaoma.
- Tisati tapa vanhu vapirisita, masoja nevadzidzisi, zvingave mukana wekuziva kana vasiri kuziya nenzara.
- Pandinofunga nezvese zvakaipa zvandakaona nekutambura semhedzisiro yeruvengo rwenyika, ndinozviudza kuti izvi zvese zvinobva pane nhema dzinovenga: kuda nyika.
- Hurumende mubatanidzwa wevarume vanoita mhirizhonga kune wese munhu.
- Ini ndanzwisisa kuti kugara-zvakanaka kwangu kunogoneka chete kana ndichinge ndaziva kubatana kwangu nevanhu vese venyika, pasina kusarudzika.
- Wese munhu anofunga kuchinja nyika, asi hapana anofunga kuzvishandura.
- Zviri nyore kunyora mavhoriyamu gumi enzira dzeuzivi pane kungoshandisa imwe chete yemisimboti yayo.
- Iko hakuna hukuru uko kureruka, runako uye chokwadi zvinoshaikwa.
- Ini ndinotenda kuti kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti kune pfungwa dzakawanda semisoro, saka kune akawanda marudzi erudo sezvo paine moyo.
- Kana iwe uchida kufara, iva.
- Zvese zvakasiyana, runako rwese uye runako rwese rwuripo munyika ino chakagadzirwa nechiedza nemumvuri.
- Ini ndanzwisisa kuti kugara-zvakanaka kwangu kunogoneka chete kana ndichinge ndaziva kubatana kwangu nevanhu vese venyika, pasina kusarudzika.
- Varwi vaviri vane simba kwazvo vaunogona kuvimba navo kushivirira uye nguva.
- Kuzvikudza hakuendi zvakanaka nekunaka, asi nekudada, hunyengeri uye hutsinye.
- Hapana kusatenda kunovhara moyo wakakura, hapana kusava nehanya kunorimanikidza.
- Zvese zvandinoziva ndinozviziva nekuti ndinoda.
- Ruremekedzo rwakagadzirwa kuzadza nzvimbo iyo iyo rudo inofanira kuzadza.
- Kana iwe uchida munhu, iwe unoda iye munhu zvaari, uye kwete munhu waungade kuti ave.
- Iye uyo akaziva chete mukadzi wake uye akamuda iye anoziva zvakawanda pamusoro pevakadzi kupfuura iye anoziva chiuru.
- Kunyora bhuku rakanaka muhupenyu hwako hwese kunopfuura kukwana. Uye zvakare verenga imwe.
- Nyaya dzakanakisa hadzibvi pane zvakanaka zvichipesana nechakaipa, asi kubva pane zvakanaka zvichipesana nezvakanaka.
- Mabasa ese, kuve akanaka, anofanirwa kubva kune mweya wemunyori.