Roald Dahl Mabhuku

Roald Dahl aive akakurumbira munyori wechiWelsh, mudetembi, munyori mupfupi wenyaya, uye munyori wezvinyorwa wedzinza reNorway.. Akawana mukurumbira wepasirese nekuda kwemabasa anozivikanwa senge James uye Giant Peach (1961), Charlie uye Chocolate Fekitori (1964), Ngano dzezvisingatarisirwi (1979), Varoyi (1983), Matilda (1988) kana Mvura Trot (1990). Akazvarwa muLlandalf (Cardiff), munaGunyana 13, 1916, aive nehupenyu huzere nenguva dzepiki dzakashanda sekurudziro. Kukanganisa kwayo kwave kwakadaro zvekuti kunyangwe Emma Watson anokurudzira kuiverenga.

Asi kwete zvese zvaive nyore, kufa kwevadiwa kwaivewo chiitiko chinowanzoitika kwaari. Aive akabatanidzwa mukukakavara kwakasiyana siyana kusvika pamazuva ake ekupedzisira, kunyanya nekuda kweshoko rake rekurwisa Israeri, kana nekuda kwematambudziko akamuka panguva yekugadziriswa kwemafirimu ezvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvake zvekunyora. Nekudaro, anorangarirwa nekuda kwenhaka yake yakakura, pamwe nekuzvipira kwake. Pakati pezvipo zvavo zvinoratidzika mazwi aakagadzira ayo akaverengerwa muduramazwi reChirungu reOxford.

Hupenyu hwaRoald Dahl

Uduku

Harald Dahl naSofie Magdalene Hesselberg vaive vabereki vake. Apo Roald mudiki aive nemakore matatu, hanzvadzi yake Astrid akafa neappendicitis. Mavhiki mashoma gare gare baba vake vakafa nemabayo. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu, chinhu chine musoro kuna amai vechirikadzi chingadai chaive chekudzokera kunharaunda yavo yeNorway, asi vakaramba vari kuBritain. Izvi akazviita nekuti chishuwo chemurume wake chaive chekudzidzisa vana vavo muzvikoro zveBritish.

Dzidzo yepuraimari

Kusvikira makore masere Dahl akadzidza kuLlandalf Cathedral Chikoro, Akazoenda kuchikoro cheSt.Peter chakazvimirira mudhorobha reWeston-super-Mare kwemakore matanhatu. Pane rake regumi nematatu rekuzvarwa, wechidiki Roald akanyoreswa kuRepton Chikoro muDerbyshire, kwaaive mukuru weboka rechikoro chechishanu uye aishanda semubatsiri wemifananidzo.

Kuberekwa kwaiye anozivikanwa Charlie uye "Mukomana"

Kugara kwake muRepton kwakatangira zano renyaya yevana vake vane mukurumbira Charlie nefekitori yechokoreti (1964)Sekambani yemuno nguva nenguva yaitumira mabhokisi etwitsi kuti vanzwe nevadzidzi. Aipedzawo zororo rezhizha nehama dzake muNorway, izvo zvaizoshanda sekurudziro yekunyora. Mukomana: nyaya dzeudiki (1984). Kunyangwe zvingaite senge rehupenyu hwehupenyu, Dahl aigara achizviramba.

Dzidzo yepamusoro

Mushure mechikoro chesekondari, akatora kosi yekutsvaga muNewfoundland nePublic Schools Exploring Society. Gare gare, muna 1934, akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake kuUnited Kingdom neRoyal Dutch Shell, kambani yemafuta. Makore maviri gare gare akatumirwa kuDar-es-Salaam (yanhasi Tanzania) kunopedzisa kudzidziswa kwake kuShell House, kwaakapa mafuta pasi penjodzi yekupedzisira yeshumba uye zvipembenene zvine hukasha.

Kunyoresa kwake muWWII

Pakatanga Hondo Yenyika II muna 1939, Roald Dahl akatamira kuNairobi kunyoresa muRoyal Air Force. Mushure mekupedza kudzidziswa kweanosvika maawa masere akazara, akatanga kubhururuka ega uye kushamisika nemhuka dzesango dzekuKenya (akashandisa zvimwe zvezviitiko izvi kumabhuku ake gare gare). Muna 1940 akaenderera mberi nedzidzo yake yepamusoro muIraq, akaitwa mukuru uye akarairwa kuma80^vo RAF squad.

Pedyo nenjodzi inouraya

Mishoni dzayo dzekutanga dzaisanganisira kunyanya kutakura mafuta mukati meGloster Gladiator. Mune rimwe rawo, musi waGunyana 19, 1940, yakatambura - inoda kufa - kumhara muLibya nekuda kwekukanganisa munzvimbo yakatarwa (pakati pemitsetse yeBritish neItari). Izvi zvakagadziriswa mune yakatevera RAF kuferefeta. Roald Dahl akapotsa atiza ndege yaive ichitsva nekehenya rakatyoka, mhino yakatyoka uye bofu.

Kunoshamisa kupora

Kunyangwe vanachiremba vachifanotaura kuti haazombobhururuka zvakare, Roald mudiki akaonazve kuona kwake masvondo masere gare gare. yetsaona uye akaburitswa muna Kukadzi 1941, achidzokera kumabasa ake ekubhururuka. Panguva ino, makumi masere makumi masere vaive vatove padyo neAthens vachirwira pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi kurwisa mauto eAxis. Zvakadaro, mushure memwedzi miviri, Dahl akayambuka Mediterranean kuti ajoinane navo.

Maonero acho aive asina kujeka zvachose: madutu gumi nemana neBritish Bristol Blanheims munharaunda yese yeHellenic vachipesana nezvikepe zvinopfuura chiuru zvevavengi Munguva yake yekutanga kurwa kubhomba ngarava kuChalcis, Dahl akatarisana nemabhomba matanhatu ega, achikwanisa kupfura imwe kuzotiza mushure mekukuvara. Zvese izvo zviitiko zvehondo zvakatorwa mubhuku rake rehupenyu Kubhururuka ndega.

Chekutanga zvinyorwa, kuroora uye vana

En 1942 akagadzwa semutevedzeri wemhepo inosunga muWashington. Muguta iro aizoita bhuku rake rekutanga, rakatanga kudaidzwa Chidimbu chekeke (nyore peasy). Ikoko akarondedzera nezve tsaona yake mukati meGloster Gladiator, asi pakupedzisira yakaburitswa pasi pezita rekuti Kupfura pasi pamusoro peLibhiya. Muna 1943 chiratidziro chevana vake vekutanga chakaonekwa, Ivo vaGremlins, yakashandurwa kuenda kumabhaisikopo makumi emakore anoverengeka gare gare.

MuAmerican mutambi Patricia Neal aive mukadzi wake kubva 1953 kusvika 1983, naye aive nevana vashanu, pakati pavo, munyori Tessa Dahl. Zvinosuruvarisa, muna 1962 mwanasikana wake ane makore manomwe Olivia akashaya kubva ku encephalitis yakakomba yakakonzerwa nehutachiona hwegwirikwiti. Theo, mwanakomana wavo mumwe chete, akatambura nehydrocephalus nekuda kwetsaona achiri mudiki. Nekuda kweichi chiitiko, akazobatanidzwa mukutsvaga kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kweiyo Wade-Dahl-Till vharuvhu, chishandiso chakagadzirirwa kudzora hydrocephalus. Mumwe wevanasikana vake, Ophelia, aive mubatsiri pamwe nemutungamiriri weParthners in Health, sangano risingabatsiri iro rinotsigira vanhu munzvimbo dzine hurombo pasi rese nehutano.

Chechipiri muchato uye kufa

Muzukuru wake, modhi uye munyori Sophie Dahl (mwanasikana waTessa), akafuridzira mumwe wevanonyanya kutaurwa mu Hunhu hwakanaka hunhu (1982). Akange akaroora kechipiri muna 1983, naFelicity Ann d'Abreu Crosland, shamwari yepamwoyo yemukadzi wake wekutanga. Myakakurudzira musi waNovember 23, 1990, kumba kwake muBuckinghamshire, nekuda kweleukemia.

Pakati pekuremekedzwa kwepashure kwekufa kwakavhurwa Roald Dahl Vana Garari paBucks County Museum. uye Roald Dahl Museum - Historic Center yakavhurwa muna 2005 muGreat Missenden. Saizvozvowo, iyo Sisekelo ine zita rake yaenderera mberi nekuzvipira kwemunyori weWales munzvimbo dzakaita sengeurology, hematology uye kuverenga kwevanhu munharaunda dzakatambura.

Akanyanya kuzivikanwa mabhuku Roald Dahl

Charlie nefekitori yechokoreti

Kuvhurwa kwebhuku rechitatu revana raRoald Dahl - mushure Ivo vaGremlins y James uye Giant Peach- Zvaireva shanduko mune rake basa rekunyora. Naizvozvo, hazvishamise kuti basa iri rakabudirira kuchinjirwa iro hombe screen kaviri (1971 na2005). Iyo nyaya yakaburitswa muna 1964 inotarisa kuna Charlie Bucket, mukomana anobva kumhuri ine hurombo kwazvo anogara nevabereki vake nasekuru nasekuru, achienda nenzara uye kutonhora.

Rombo rep protagonist rinoshanduka paanokunda imwe yematikiti egoridhe mashanu ayo anopa kushanya kuburikidza nefekitori yeguta rechokoreti.. Iyo nzvimbo inowanzo kuvharwa kudzivirira espionage uye ndeya eccentric millionaire Willy Wonka. Eccentric iyi yakaronga zvese izvi kusarudza mugari wenhaka pakati pevashanu vatori vechikamu. Mushure mekuteedzana kwezviitiko zvemitambo, Charlie anonzi anokunda uye anopinda mufekitori nemhuri yake yese.

Ngano dzezvisingatarisirwi

Icho chiunganidzwa chine hunyanzvi chematanhatu mafupi nyaya dzakazobuda muna 16. Pakutanga, nyaya idzi dzaive dzaburitswa mune akasiyana mapepanhau. Nhema nhema, kufungira uye kurangana zvinhu zvakajairika mune ese iwo. Zvimwe zviri kunyanya nezve kutsiva (Mukadzi turton, Nunc Dimittiskana chigumbu (Roast Gwayana, Kukwira Kudenga). Uye, nenzira imwecheteyo semunyaya dzevana vavo, vanowanzo guma nengano yetsika.

Varoyi

Yakaburitswa muna 1983. Kugadziridzwa kwayo kwemufirimu (1990) kwakatungamirwa naNicolas Roeg kwakakonzera gakava nekuti shanduko dzakaitwa, sezvo dzanga dzisingaenderane neruzivo uye vakasafadza Dahl zvakanyanya. Iyi inyaya yakataurwa mumunhu wekutanga nemumwe munhu akasangana nevaroyi vaviri "vasina kufanana nevari munyaya". Wekutanga akada kumupa nyoka; neyechipiri zvakatonyanya.

Mukufananidza, rapporteur inotaura nezvenjodzi yemotokari inouraya yakatambudzwa nevabereki vake, iyo, iyo yaakarerwa naambuya vake kuNorway.. Iye nanny anomutsanangurira zviri zvehunhu hwemuroyi uye anomunyevera nezvekurwisa kwekare kwevana ava vana vaaiziva. Asi kuzivisa varoyi kwakaoma, ivo vanopfeka sevakadziwo zvavo vachipedzisa basa ravo rakavanzika: kuparadza vana venyika.

Matilda

Iri basa naDhahl rakaburitswa muna 1988 rinofanira kunge riri iro rinozivikanwa zvakanyanya kuMireniyamu, izvi zvinobva kune inozivikanwa mukurumbira firimu ficha (1996) inotungamirwa naDanny DeVito. Iye protagonist ndiMatilda Wormwood, musikana akangwara ane makore mashanu okuberekwa, anofarira kuverenga uye ane hunyanzvi. Iye ndiye mwanasikana wevabereki vane husimbe uye vasingazive nezvehunhu hwake.

Mudzidzisi wake, Miss Honey, vachiona hunhu hwavo hunoshamisa, vanobvunza Principal Trunchbull kuti Matilda apinde kirasi yepamusoro. Mukuru wechikoro anoramba, sezvo ari iye munhu akaipa anofarira kuranga vana pasina chikonzero. Zvichakadaro, Matilda anovandudza telekinesis masimba, achikwanisa kutamisa zvinhu nekutarisa kwake.

Honey Honey anoda kuziva nezve kugona kwemusikana uye anomukoka kumba kwake. Ikoko Matilda anoona kuti mudzidzisi wake ari murombo uye ari kutambura achichengetwa natete vake, avo (vakaziviswa gare gare) Mai Trunchbull. Saka Matilda anofunga zano rekuti vabvise Mai Trunchbull kubva muhupenyu hwavo zvachose. Paanobudirira, Matilda anofadzwa nevamwe vana uye anoenderera kukirasi yepamusoro.

Semhedzisiro, mudiki prodigy anorasikirwa nemagetsi telekinesis nekuti anofanirwa kushandisa huropi hwake hwese kuti abudirire muzvidzidzo zvake zvitsva. Mukupedzisira, Matilda anopedzisira ave kugara pasi pekuchengetwa naMai Honey. (uyo haachafaniri kubata naMai Trunchbull) mushure mekunge vabereki vemusikana vasungwa nekuba mota.

Iyo yehunyanzvi uye yekunyora nhaka yaRoald Dahl

Pakazara, Roald Dahl Yakaburitswa 18 nyaya dzevana, 3 prose mabhuku evana, 2 novels for vakuru, 8 anthologies yenyaya, 5 bibliographic memoirs uye mutambo.. Nezve nyika yekuteerera, Dahl akagadzira gumi mafirimu zvinyorwa, kusanganisira zvikamu zvakakurumbira Isu tinongorarama Kaviri chete muna (1967), Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968) uye Nyika yekufungidzira (1971), pakati pevamwe.

Akatorawo segadziri uye / kana kuitisa muzvirongwa zvinomwe zveterevhizheni muUnited Kingdom uye muUnited States.. Mabasa ake akagadziridzwa kuita gumi nematanhatu mafirimu akagamuchirwa neruzhinji, senge James uye Giant Peach (1996), Iyo inonakidza Mr. Fox (2009) uye Iyo BFG (2016 - chepakutanga zita rechirungu re Hunhu hwakanaka hunhu). Pamusoro pezvo, zvisikwa zvake zvakaendeswa kune 9 akateedzana uye mapfupi terevhizheni.