Pamabhangi eSar

Pamabhangi eSar Raive bhuku rekupedzisira nemunyori wechiGalician uye munyori wenhau Rosalía de Castro. Rakaburitswa muna 1884, rakazove boka risinganyatsonzwisisika renhetembo nekuda kwemamita ayo asina kujairika, kure kure netsika yechinyakare yenhetembo. Iyo yakapusa nziyo kuumbwa, ine hunhu hweRomanticism uye Yemazuva ano muzvikamu zvakafanana.

Uye zvakare, iyo tembere izere nekusava netariro (uko kunyangwe chitendero chisingape kunyaradzwa pamweya) inoratidza mamiriro akashata akasangana nemunyori mumakore ake ekupedzisira. Zvisinei nezviri pachena zvinyorwa zvemanyowani, kushoropodzwa kwemanyorerwo enguva yacho kwaisave nebasa iri. Nekudaro, parizvino inofungidzirwa nevazhinji vanyori venhoroondo seyakanyanya opera yenhetembo dzeSpanish dzezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.

Nezve munyori, Rosalía de Castro

Akabhabhatidzwa pasi pezita raMaría Rosalía Rita Expósito, akaberekerwa muSantiago de Compostela, Spain, musi waFebruary 24, 1837. Kunyange hazvo mabhuku ake mazhinji aive muprose, Castro akapinda munhoroondo - pamwe naGustavo Adolfo Bécquer - semumwe wevakatungamira nhetembo dzemazuva ano dzeSpanish.. Chirevo ichi chinobva pamabasa matatu ekufananidzira:

• Nziyo dzeGalician (1863).
• Vechidiki Novas (1880).
• Pamabhangi eSar (1884).

Kunyangwe akati wandei ezvinyorwa zvake akaonekwa muchiSpanish Rosalia Ndiyo imwe yeminhenga yakakosha mumutauro wechiGalician. Hazvishamise kuti iye (pamwe chete nemifananidzo yakaita saEduardo Pondal naCurro Enríquez) anoonekwa semumiriri akakosha Galician Rexurdimento. Nehurombo, basa remunyori harina kukosheswa zvakanaka kusvika parufu rwake.

Maitiro uye mamiriro ezvinyorwa zvake zvekunyora

Mamwe maviri kana mashoma akatanhamara ekugadzira mafashama anogona kusiyaniswa mubasa raRosalía de Castro. Chekutanga, zviri nyore kucherechedza nyanduri uyo anofungidzira, anozviisa pasi, anonamata uye ane hanya nehunhu hwevanhu. Nekudaro, muchikamu ichi munyori akakwanisa kutaura zvirevo nemifungo yekukosha kwepasirese.

Ukuwo, Munyori akave mutauriri wenyika yake yakatambura uye mudetembi wevaGalician vese. Panguva iyo mutauro wechiGalician wainge washoreka zvachose, uchinzi uri mutauro wakashata uye usina tsika yakanyorwa. Saka nekunyora akawanda e nhetembo dzake muchiGalician, Rosalía airatidzira kushinga kwake paakava chigumbuso chevatsoropodzi.

Nhaka

Icho chimiro chaRosalía de Castro chakatanga kuzivikanwa mukati ma1890s, nekuda kwenhengo dzenhengo dzeGeneration ye98. Azorín naMiguel de Unamuno vaive vaviri vevatsigiri vayo vakuru uye, padiki padiki, Antonio Machado naJuan Ramón Jiménez. Muchokwadi, iyo yekupedzisira inozvikwanisa seyekutungamira kweSpanish kwazvino.

Gare gare pachiitiko chezana remakore rekubudiswa kwe Nziyo dzeGalician, Royal Galician Academy yakasimbisa kuti musi waMay 17 wegore rega Galician Zvinyorwa Zuva. Asi kwete muGalicia chete munyori kubva kuSantiago akasimbiswa. Zvakanaka, akagamuchira mitero yemarudzi akasiyana siyana mune mamwe matunhu eSpain uye munyika dzakaita seRussia, Argentina, Uruguay neVenezuela

Analysis of Pamabhangi eSar

Sekureva kwaAlonso Montero, Pamabhangi eSar icho "chibvumirano chekuparadza" chinopinda munzvimbo dzine rima remweya. Musoro wacho unoreva kumahombekombe erwizi Sar sezvainopfuura nepadrón. Ikoko, akamirira Charon, munyori akazvipira kurufu ruri pedyo nekenza. Izvo zvakazoitika kwapera gore mushure mekuburitswa kwevhoriyamu.

Nekudaro, hapana kuwirirana pakati pevanyori venhau nezvenhoroondo yezuva renhetembo. Nekudaro, hazvina kunyatsojeka kuratidza kuti hurwere ndicho chaive chinangwa chikuru mumashure enhetembo dzake. Chero zvazvingaitika, chinonyanya kukoshesa vhoriyamu ndeye nyore kwayo manyorerwo. Zvakare pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekutsanangudza hunotsanangurwa neshungu dzakazara nemimhanzi.

Maitiro

Pamabhangi eSar Iri ivhoriyamu rakanyorwa zvizere muchiSpanish, rakaumbwa nhetembo makumi mashanu nenomwe dzinofukidza mapeji 53. Mune rimwe nerimwe rawo, Rosalía de Castro anoratidza mafungiro akasiyana, pamwe nerekutaura kukuru kwekusatenda. Kunzwa uku kunoiswa mucherechedzo muzvikamu umo nyanduri anotsvaga mune dzimwe ndangariro kuburikidza nemitsara yakapinza kwazvo.

Mhemberero

Munyori weGalician haazeze kuburitsa ndangariro pamwe nekufungidzira mukati meiyo stanza, nguva dzose nechinangwa chekuisa mutinhimira unowirirana kumamiriro ezvinhu. Izvi zvinobatika mundiro inotevera yenhetembo "Mashizha anodedera uye mweya wangu unobvunda":

"Nhasi, mangwana, pamberi uye ikozvino,

Zvakafanana, nguva dzose,

Varume nemichero, zvirimwa nemaruva,

Vanouya voenda, vanozvarwa uye vanofa ”.

Saizvozvowo, Rosalía de Castro anotora rudo uye kushushikana sekukonzera kuzvidemba kwekupedzisira. Neichi chikonzero, vazhinji vezvakaitika kare vanogadzira basa ravo mukati menguva inozivikanwa seinononoka kudanana. Zvimwechetezvo, dzimwe nhetembo dzinotaura nezvekunetsekana nezveramangwana risina tariro, sekuonekwa kwayakaitwa nhanho inotevera yenhetembo "Nyota yerudo yaive, ikasiya":

"Kunzwa kupera kwezhizha

Varwere havana tariro,

"Ndichafa mukudonha!"

Akafunga pakati pekunetseka uye kufara

Uye ndichainzwa ichipidiguka pamusoro peguva rangu

Mashizha afawo ”.

Iyo yakadzika tariro

Mashoma mitsara inogona kuve yakasimba se "tariro yakafa". Zvakanaka, inomiririra imwe yemagumo poindi ekuti "tariro ndicho chinhu chekupedzisira kurasika." Asi "tariro yakafa" inomiririra nzvimbo yakaderera zvechokwadi mumweya wemunhu, ndiko kuguma kwekunyengera kwese. Kunyanya kana munyori achiratidza kuti zororo rechokwadi chete rinowanikwa nerufu.

Kunyaradzwa kwekuzorora kusingaperi

Haarangariri rufu sechiitiko chisina kunaka, asi, anozvitaurira nezvekufa kwake nechiedza chetariro yakavandudzwa nerunyararo rwunotarisirwa rwekuzorora kusingaperi. Saizvozvo, Pakati pekurega basa, nyanduri anoreva kuti akafarikanya hupenyu hwake zvisinei nekutambura uye akagadzirira kusangana naMwari.

Nechikonzero ichi, kuvharwa kwevhoriyamu hakugone kuve imwe kunze kwedetembo "Ini ndinongonzwa kusahadzika uye kutya":

"Ini ndinongonzwa kusahadzika uye kutyisa,

Mwari Vamwari, kana ndikatendeuka kubva paMuri;

Asi pandinotendeukira kuMuchinjikwa ndinotendeuka maziso angu,

Ndinozvisiya kuti ndienderere mberi nedambudziko rangu.

Uye kusimudza kutarisa kunetseka kumatenga

Ndinotsvaga Baba vako munzvimbo huru,

Sezvo mutyairi mudutu anotsvaga

Chiedza cheimba yechiedza chinokutungamira kuchiteshi ”.