Nyaya isingaperi
Nyaya isingaperi -inofungidzirwa yechinyakare yezvinyorwa zvevechidiki- ingano yakanyorwa naMichael Ende, munyori wechiGerman mavambo uyo akaberekerwa kuGarmisch-Partenkirchen, musi waNovember 12, 1929. Michael ndiye ega mwana wemuchato pakati pemupendi Edgar Ende (anozivikanwa nebasa rake re surrealist) naLuise Bartholomä (physiotherapist nebasa), saka kuti munyori aigara ari munzvimbo izere nehunyanzvi.
Kuremekedzwa semunyori wehuremu hwakakura hwemhando yekufungidzira, Ende akatanga kunyora nyaya nerondedzero yevana kubva kuma50's. Nepo mabhuku ake ese akagamuchirwa zvakanaka nevatsoropodzi nevateereri, munyori akanyatso kuwana mukurumbira wepasirese paakaburitsa: momo (1973) uye Nyaya isingaperi (1979). Iyo yekupedzisira ndeimwe yeiyo mabhuku akanakisa ekufungidzira.
Kutanga kwaEnde mune yehunyanzvi svikiro: mutambi, mutambi wemitambo uye munyori
Mushure mekufunda kuita kwemakore matatu mudzimba dzakasiyana dzekufunda muMunich, Ende akashanda semuiti wehunyanzvi, munyori wezvekunyora uye mutsoropodzi wefirimu. Mutambo wake wekutanga waive Inguva (1947), uye izvi zvakafemerwa neakaitika kare mabhomba ebhomba nguva dzese: iya yaHiroshima.
Nekusvika kwema60, uye mushure mekurambwa kwakawanda, Ende akaburitsa yake yekutanga mubairo-anokunda novel: Jim Button naLucas the Machinist (1960), yaakakunda nayo “Mubayiro Wemabhuku Wevana weGerman.
Munyori se akaroora muimbi Ingeborg Hoffman muna 1964. Akagara naye muRome kudzamara afa nekuda kwekenza yemapapu muna 1985. Gare gare, muna 1989, akaroorazve Mariko Sato, wekuJapan.
Mushure mekuzvitora semunyori, Michael akazvipira zvakazara kumabhuku, achichengetedza iwo maitiro ekunyepedzera mune mazhinji mabasa ake. Muna 1979 akaburitsa ingangodaro iri bhuku rake rinosvika kure. Nyaya isingaperi. Nekuda kwekubudirira kwayo, Ende akahwina mubairo waJanusz Korczak.
Muna 1982 Ende akasaina zvibvumirano zvekuita kugadzirwa kwemufirimu Nyaya isingaperi, asi kwete vasati vanyatsoongorora chibvumirano uye nekuona kuti vaida kuchinja nhoroondo. Paakaziva zvakadzama zvibvumirano zvegwaro repamutemo, akada kudzosa, asi zvakange zvanyanyisa. Akangokwanisa kubvisa zita rake kubva muzvikwereti.
Iyi firimu, inotungamirwa naWolfgang Petersen, yakaburitswa muna Kubvumbi 6, 1894. Kunyangwe paine misiyano mikuru kubva mubhuku, iyo bhaisikopo yakanga iri hombe bhokisi hofisi kubudirira, ichikurisa kudarika $ 20 miriyoni.
Nekuda kwekugamuchirwa neruzhinji, iyo firimu yaive yakateedzana muna 1990 uye chetatu muna 1994., asi ivo havana kukonzera kukanganisa kumwe chete uye ivo vaive vasina kubatana neiyo vhezheni vhezheni futi.
Kufuridzirwa kubva kuna Ende
Hwechidiki hunoratidzwa neNazi
Kumuka kweNazism muhudiki hwake kwakachinja zvakanyanya kunyora kwaEnde Nyaya isingaperi. Nekudaro, achitya kutsiva, panguva iyoyo inotonhora yehupenyu hwake munyori akamanikidzwa kudzvinyirira ruzivo rwake rwakawanda, zviroto zvake, fungidziro uye kugona.
Kufuridzirwa kwababa vakanaka
Michael End.
Iyo mirefu hurukuro nezve uzivi, chinamato, uye zvinyorwa zvakavanzika izvo zvaakagovana muchivande nababa vake zvakamukurudzirawo kubva paudiki.
Kusava nehunyanzvi uye "kushaya chinhu"
Mune iri basa Ende akaisanganisira mamwe emafungiro ake ega. Munyori akazivisa kuti, kwaari, kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi uye kufunga kwakadudzirwa sechirwere chemweya; chimwe chinhu chaanoreva mubhuku se "hapana".
Naizvozvo Nyaya isingaperi inoverengeka inoitika nyaya mbiri panguva imwe chete, imwe chaiyo uye imwe yacho inonakidza, kuti zvishoma nezvishoma ivo vari kubatanidza. Iyo ine vaviri protagonists, vese vana, uye, chokwadika, hombe nhamba yemavara ayo muhupenyu chaihwo haigoneke.
Kupokana kubva Nyaya isingaperi
Bastian uye kusangana kwake nebhuku
Zano renyaya rinotanga naBastian, mukomana chaiye wepanyika uyo achangobva kufirwa naamai vake uye anodheererwa.
Rimwe zuva anoenda kundohwanda muchitoro chemabhuku ndokuwana bhuku izvo, nechitarisiko chayo uye zita (Nyaya isingaperi), yakadanwa kutarisa. Mukomana afunga kumutora, mushure mekunge muridzi wechitoro, VaKoreander, vasina hanya.
Bhuku uye chairo nyika
Paanosvika kuchikoro, anokwira padenga remba uye ave akadzikama, anogadzirira kuverenga bhuku. Sezvo kuverenga kuri kufambira mberi, Bastian anonzwa kuti inoverengeka inova ichiwedzera uye iri yechokwadi.. Nenzira iyi, iyo nyaya yechipiri inotanga kujeka, inoitika muhushe hweFantasy.
Atreyu, murwi wechidiki
Iyo protagonist yenyika inonakidza ndiAtreyu, akashinga uye wechidiki murwi. Akagadzwa kuti atsvage mushonga wechirwere chakatambudzwa neMucheche Empress, mutongi weFantasia. Kurwara hakusi kungotora hupenyu hwomutongi, asiwo hwenyika yake yese.
"Hapana"
Panguva imwechete, uye nezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwe, MuFantasy pane simba rakaipa ravakadaidza kuti "hapana", izvo zviri kuita kuti zvese uye munhu wese anyangarike, kusiya isina basa mukumuka kwayo. "Hapana" chakabatanidzwa nekurwara kweumambo uye kufambira mberi sezvo kuchikura.
Nyika yezvisikwa zvinonakidza
Bastian anonakidzwa neanouya eAtreyu, uyo murwendo rwake akarasikirwa nebhiza rake raitaura, uye shamwari yakatendeka, tartax. Ari munzira, protagonist anosangana nekamba hombe inonzi Morla, ine dhiragoni ine rombo rakanaka inonzi Fújur, uye inovadya ivo matombo (hombe mabwe ezvisikwa), kutumidza mamwe emamwe mavara anoshamisa.
Mhinduro isingaenderane
Zvino, Chinhu chisingazivikanwe nezve rangano chinoitika apo Atreyu paanoona kuti anokwanisa chete kuponesa umambo uye iyo Empress nerubatsiro rweBastian; ehe, mwana wevanhu ari kuverenga nhoroondo kubva kunyatso chaiko. Panguva iyoyo, izvo zvinonzi "kutyora rusvingo rwechina" kunoitika, ndiko kuti, mavara ari mubhuku anogona kusangana nemuverengi, uye, mukuita, ndizvo zvazviri.
Mwana ari munyika chaiye anoramba kutenda kuti kiyi ndiye. Nekudaro, panguva yekupedzisira, kana zvese zvave kuda kutsakatika, Bastian anopinda mune yekufungidzira zvakasikwa uye anoponesa humambo uye Empress nekuipa iro zita idzva: Mwanasikana weMwedzi.
Quote naMichael Ende - aquifrases.com.
Meseji ye Nyaya isingaperi
Nyaya isingaperi ingano izere nemameseji anotsvaga kuita kuti muverengi aratidze. Iyo inotaura zvakanyanya nezve kukosha kwazvinoita kukudziridza fungidziro, kwete kubvumira kusuwa kutora izvo zviripo, kuva neushingi uye zvakare kuvimba. Kwete pasina bhuku riri pakati mabasa akanakisa evana uye vechidiki munhoroondo.
Munyori Michael Ende akajekesa mubvunzurudzo ye Nyika kuti chinangwa chake nebhuku iri kwaive kuratidza kuti nzira yakanakisa yekuzadzisa chimwe chinhu kugara uchienda nenzira inopesana. Kuti uwane chaicho uye uzviwane iwe, saBastian, unofanira kutanga watanga kuburikidza neakanakisa.
Nyaya isingaperi: kupfuura iro bhuku
Kunyangwe ichiburitswa nebhuku revana, Nyaya isingaperi Iri ibasa revateereri vese, nekuda kweshoko raanotumira. Parizvino novel iri rakashandurwa mumitauro inodarika makumi matatu nematanhatu uye rine matatu mafirimu, maviri akateedzana, opera uye ballet..