Nhetembo dzaRosalía de Castro

Rosalía de Castro aive mukadzi wechiSpanish aive nemureza waive wekudzivirira midzi yake, akaberekwa musi waFebruary 24, 1837 muSantiago de Compostela. Munyori aive nehupenyu hwakapindirwa nenjodzi nguva; mushure mekusangana nematambudziko sekufa kwevana vake uye amai vake vakafemerwa kuti vagadzire dzimwe dzenyaya dzake.

Panguva yemunyori wechiSpanish uyu, mutauro wechiGalician wakashatiswa, pakanga pasina kuunganidzwa kwemabasa aifanira kuverengerwa uye vanyori havana kuzotsunga kunyora zvinyorwa vachishandisa mutauro uyu. Rosalia de Castro ndiye munhu aive nebasa rekugadzira zvinyorwa zveGalician kuti zvibude, uye nzira yake yekuiwana raive basa rakanakisa nenziyo. Basa rake rakafemera vazhinji vanyori vemazuva ano veGalician.

Hupenyu hwake uye kurudziro

Rosalía aigara asina baba vake, nekuti aive mupristi akasarudza kusamuziva, ndosaka akapedza makore masere ekutanga ehupenyu hwake mubato reGalicia rinonzi Castro de Ortoño kwaigara varimi vazhinji Tsika nemagariro zveGalician ndizvo zvinhu zvakakonzera mabasa aRosalía de Castro.

Sejaya jaya akadzidza zvetsika tsika kuLiceo de la Juventud, senge mimhanzi uye kudhirowa; mumazuva iwayo vaionekwa semabasa akakodzera kumusikana wezera rake. Aurelio Aguirre aive mudetembi aimuziva mazuva ano uye sekureva kwevamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vaive nehukama hwepedyo.

Dzakawanda dzenyaya dzaRosalía dzakafemerwa neavo vake vanofungidzirwa kuda Aurelio Aguirre; zvisinei chokwadi chekuti vaidanana hachisimbiswi. Muna 1856 akatamira kuMadrid, gore rakatevera akaburitsa nhetembo dzakanyorwa muchiSpanish dzaakanyora mune rimwe bhuku rakanzi Ruva.

Akakumikidza kuna mai vake Teresa de Castro bhuku renhetembo rakadaidzwa Kuna amai vangu, iyo yakaburitswa muna 1863. Akanyora nhetembo nomwe dzaakaratidza kutambura kukuru, kushaya zvekuita uye kusurukirwa kwaainzwa nekurasikirwa nehunhu hwakakosha muhupenyu hwake.

muchato

Bhuku rake renhetembo Ruva zvaifarira Manuel Murgía, munyori akasangana naRosalía kuburikidza neshamwari. Uyu murume aive nebasa ra de Castro kuenderera mberi nechido chake chekunyora, kunyangwe munguva idzo vakadzi vaisave nebasa rakakosha munzanga.

Castro munguva pfupi akaroora Murgía. Wechidiki Rosalía aive nemavhiki angangoita masere nepamuviri apo muchato wake wakaitika musi waGumiguru 10, 1858.

Imwe nguva gare gare mwanasikana wake Alejandra akazvarwa, achiteverwa na: Aura, Gala naOvidio, Amar. Adriano akafa sejaya nenjodzi uye Valentina akafa asati azvarwa; vana vake vese vaibva kusangano reGalicia.

Vazhinji vanomiririra vanoshanda

Munyori angangodaro akatanga kubva pakutanga kugadzirwa kwemabasa akanyorwa mumutauro weGalician, nekuti pakange pasina nhoroondo yenyaya muGalician. De Castro akatanga iyo yainzi iyo Kudzokorora nebhuku rake Nziyo dzeGalician (1863).

Munyori Rosalía de Castro akabatana nemimhanzi nenziyo dzeGalicia. Midzi yenyika yake yaive yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwebhuku rake rekutanga Nziyo dzeGalician, iyo ine makumi matatu nenhanhatu nhetembo uko iwe unogona kukoshesa rudo, hwepedyo, hunhu, zvemagariro uye zvematongerwo enyika madingindira akapoteredza nzvimbo ino

Muna 1880 akanyora rimwe basa muchiGalician rainzi Iwe unobata novas, yaive yechipiri yakanyorwa mumutauro uyu. Rosalía akaburitsa nhetembo idzi mukupera kwemaXNUMX nekutanga maXNUMX. Yakanga iri nyaya yairatidza kushungurudzwa kuvanhukadzi, vacheche vakasiyiwa uye vagari vemumusha; mukadzi wekunyora akataura mune iri basa kuti aisazonyora muchiGalician zvakare.

Pamabhangi eSar Yakabudiswa muna 1886Yaive yekupedzisira kugadzirwa kwemunyori uye raive bhuku rine nhetembo dzinopfuura zana idzo nenzira imwechete dzakabatana nechinangwa chimwe chete. Mubasa iri Rosalía akaburitsa pachena zvaakasangana nazvo, uye izvi zvaive zvakazara nekubatana nevarume, kushushikana, kushuva, kuora mwoyo uye kuda Mwari.

Zvinyorwa izvi zvakamutsa kukura kwake semunhu uye munyori, kumubvumira kuti atorwe se mumwe wevanonyanya kukosha vanyori veSpanish kudanana. Rosalía akarwara necancer yechibereko uye akafa musi waChikunguru 15, 1885 muPadrón, Spain, achisiya nhaka yenyika yose.

Nhetembo dzaRosalía de Castro

Heano zvimwe zvidimbu zveanonyanya kumiririra nhetembo mabasa aRosalía de Castro (yakanyorwa muchiSpanish uye yakashandurwa maari):

Cantares Gallegos (shanduro)

Sarai zvakanaka, nzizi; zvakanaka, manyuko;

tarisa hova diki;

zvakanaka, kuona kwemaziso angu,

Handizive kuti tichaonana riinhi

Nyika yangu, nyika yangu,

nyika yandakakurira,

gadheni diki randinoda zvakanyanya

mionde yandakadyara.

Padros, nzizi, masango,

miti yemipaini inofambisa mhepo,

kurira shiri,

dzimba diki dzezvangu zvemukati ...

Usandikanganwa, oh mudiwa,

kana ndikafa nekusurukirwa ...

marigi mazhinji kuenda kugungwa ...

Farai imba yangu! Musha wangu!

Follas novas (shanduro)

Semakore ari munzvimbo isina muganhu

vanofamba famba vachikwenya!

Mamwe akachena,

vamwe vatema;

dzimwe, njiva nyoro dzinoratidzika kwandiri,

vanopisa vamwe

kupenya mwenje ...

Mhepo inopesana inoputika mukukwirira

kutodzingwa,

vari kuzvitora zvisina kurongeka kana nehungwaru,

Handitombozivi kuti kupi

Handitombozivi kuti sei.

Ivo vanoapfeka iwo, ane makore

zviroto zvedu

uye tariro yedu.

Pamabhangi eSar

Kubudikidza neyakagara yakasvibira mashizha

kunzwa ikoko kunosiya makuhwa asinganzwisisike,

uye pakati pegungwa rekudzikisira

muriwo,

inoda imba yeshiri,

kubva pamahwindo angu ndinoona

tembere iyo yandaigara ndichida zvakanyanya.

Tembere iyo yandaida zvakanyanya ...

Zvakanaka, ini handizive kuti ndotaura sei kana ndichimuda

kuti mukushatirwa vanofamba vasina chazororo

pfungwa dzangu dzavhiringidzika,

Ini handina chokwadi kana chigumbu chakakasharara

anorarama akabatana nerudo ruri muchipfuva changu.

Rexurdimiento yetsamba dzeGalicia

Iyo Reexurdimiento Yakanga iri nhanho mune iyo tsika uye tsamba dzeGalicia dzaive dzichidzosera kukosha kwazvo muSpain, uye Rosalía de Castro aive mukadzi piyona wesangano iri.

Chikamu che simba rebasa raRosalía raive mukumiririra kupfuura zvese zvakatsanangura vanhu veGalicia,

Makore akafamba pasina chero mabasa ari kugadzirwa muchiGalician, saka mushure meRosalía vamwe vanyori vazhinji vakanyora nyaya mumutauro uyu. Mutambo Nziyo dzeGalician akatanga kufamba uku ndokugara mumoyo yevagari vemuGalicia, sezvo ivo vakatotora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwemamwe nhetembo pamwechete.

Pfungwa dzakatemerwa nehurumende dzeSpain panguva iyoyo dzakanyatsoteerera kukosha kwenharaunda yeGalician, zvekuti nekufamba kwemakore nhengo dzayo dzakasarurwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, mushure mekuuya kwebasa raRosalía de Castro, maonero ese eGalicia akachinja.