Prepositions inotibatsira kuronga pfungwa dzedu muchinyorwa nenzira yakabatana. Izwi regirama rinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya pakunyora chero chinyorwa. Tinofanira kuvaziva kuti tizive kuti tinovashandisa nemazvo. Kwete nokuziva matauriro emutauro watingagona kuona kana tichiuita nemazvo kana kuti kwete.
Asi kure nekuita chinyorwa chinonetesa panyaya iyi, Pano tichakupa mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwezvirevo muSpanish. Rangarira kuti zvivakashure (prepositions) ndiwo ndandanda yemashoko atakadzidza tose nemusoro kuchikoro. Izvi zvechokwadi zvichaita kuti zvive nyore kuvayeuka.
Chii chinonzi prepositions
Prepositions izvikamu zvegirama kana makirasi emazwi anoshanda kubatanidza mitsara (kazhinji zita) kana mitsara.. Mutsara chiumbwa chemazwi, ane chikamu chikuru chinodaidzwa kuti nucleus uye ane chirevo che syntactic mukati memutsara. Somuenzaniso: mutsara wezita ndewekuti: "[imbwa] inohukura" ([imbwa] definite article + noun or noun).
Ukuwo, Muenzaniso wemutsara wechinangwa unoti «Hanzvadzi yangu inofarira chokoreti»; chimiro chinounzwa nechivakashure [Kuhanzvadzi yangu] mutsara unechirevo chechivakashure uye munyaya iyi inoisa mutsara wezita [hanzvadzi yangu]. Mumwe muenzaniso: "Mhondi yakasungwa nemapurisa" [prepositional phrase: nemapurisa].
Zvisinei, prepositions mumutauro wechiSpanish anowanzo kusuma mitsara. Mienzaniso: "Musikana wandakakuudza nezve rimwe zuva anoshanda padziva rekushambira remanisiparati" [zvirevo zvepakutanga: iyo yandakakuudza nezvayo / padziva rekushambira remataundi] / "Hupenyu mutaundi huri nani pane zvandakarangarira" [chirevo prepositional: yezvaairangarira].
Zviratidzo
Zvikonzero muSpanish ndezvi: kuti, pamberi, pasi, zvinokwana, ne, zvichipesana, kubva, panguva, pakati, pakati, kusvika, kusvika, nepakati, nokuti, maererano, kunze, zvichienda mberi, shure.
Zvimwe zvacho hazvina kuzoshandiswa. Tinogona kuvawana mune mamwe mabasa echinyakare, kana mumagwaro emutemo. Zvinofanira zvinoreva "padyo ne" (Imba yepurazi iri zvinokwana rwizi) uye so "bass". Hatizowanzoshandisa "zvinokodzera" kana kuzvinzwa kubva kune mumwe munhu, asi "saka" ichiri yakajairika mumutauro wepamutemo kana wemaitiro uye, naizvozvo, munhau: "Vakadzi vaviri havagoni kudzokera kunyika yavo. so kutongerwa rufu". Kune rumwe rutivi, "kupikisa" ianglicism inofanirwa kushandiswa chete panguva dzakatarwa (makwikwi emitambo kana mitambo): "Mumutambo wanhasi vakatarisana neReal Madrid. ne Atletico Madrid".
Zvivakashure zvine invariable form (havambochinji), ndosaka vasina murume kana nhamba uye basa rayo hukama pakati pemazwi, mitsara nemitsara, sezvatatoona. Vanogona kubvumirwa nenzira iyi: a + el (al) uye de + el (del).
Kazhinji tinoshandisa prepositions kuratidza kufamba, nzvimbo uye nguva. Ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa: Ndaenda kuFlorence iyi zororo (kufamba), ndinogara kuMadrid (nzvimbo), Koniti inotanga napfumbamwe (nguva).
Tinogonawo kuwana prepositional adverbs. Chirevo (adverb) ndicho chigadziriso chechiito uye zvirevo zvinogonawo kuenderana neshoko rechiito. Ndiko kusaka tichigona kuwana zvirevo zvine chitarisiko chechivakashure, kunyanya kuziva nzvimbo yechinhu. Aya ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa mahybrid prepositional adverbs: pamusoro/kumusoro, pasi/pasi, kumberi/kumberi, kumashure/kumashure, mukati/mukati, kunze/kunze, kumberi.
Saizvozvowo, Kune zvimwe zvivakwa zvinosanganisira prepositions uye zvinodaidzwa kuti prepositional mitsara., asiwo zvinyorwa zvekubatanidza: nekuda kwe, kuti, nechisimba che, zvisinei, pamusoro, pamusoro, pedyo, kumativi, mberi, maererano ne, kutarisana, mberi, shure, se, kuitira, pakati, pachinzvimbo che, nekuda kwe, maererano…
Zvishandiso uye mienzaniso
A
Applications: modo (Ndinonyora a muchina nekuti ndinouda), kufamba (Ndinofamba zvakawanda a Toledo nokuti ndinoshanda ikoko), zvikamu zvezuva (Vanouya kuzotarisa boiler a masikati), chinhu chakananga chemunhu (Ndazviwona a muvakidzani mangwanani oga oga), age (Ndakaroora a makore 25), nguva/nguva chaiyo (Kirasi iri a sere), kutaura kwenzvimbo / chinhambwe / zuva / tembiricha / frequency (Bathroom iri al kumashure / ndizvo a 200 km / Isu tiri a Chipiri / Isu tiri a 20th / Ini ndinoekita kaviri a vhiki), rumbidzo isina kunanga (A mhuri yangu inoda gungwa), purogiramu (kuvhura kubva ku9 a 8), nzvimbo (Kubva kuMadrid a Alicante inenge 500 km).
Tichifunga nezve
Applications: pamberi (Vana vari pamberi mutungamiriri / Maria akanganisa pamberi matambudziko)
Low
Applications: nzvimbo (Bhasikoro iri pasi muti).
Con
Applications: chiridzwa (Ndinofona dzese game foni yangu), kambani (Live game mukomana wangu).
contra
Applications: kushorwa / kuvhunduka (Hazvina kunaka kuti Mariana aite against mukoma wake).
De
Applications: pfuma (Bhuku iri de Manuel), zvinhu (Tafura iri de huni), purogiramu (raibhurari yakazaruka de 9 kusvika ku8), zvakabva / mabviro (Ndinobuda de kumba mangwanani oga oga / Hans ari de Jerimani), zita rinozadzisa (bag de muchero / bhuku de masvomhu), chikamu (Unoda zvimwe de keke?), chikonzero (Akafa de cancer), nzvimbo (De Madrid kuenda kuAlicante ingangoita 500 km / Ini ndichadzima terevhizheni de imba ino), chikamu chezuva maererano neawa (iri 5 de masikati).
Kubva
Applications: nzvimbo (Kubva balcony handisi kuona pharmacy), nguva (Handisi kuona hama dzangu kubva Kisimusi), kutanga kwechiito chechinguvana (Yakashanda kubva Kurume kusvika Gumiguru).
Durante
Applications: temporary extension (Dolores haana kuputa chero chinhu panguva nhumbu).
En
Applications: nzvimbo (Takazorora en Majorca / Mubhedha uri en imba yekurara / Mavara acho en tafura / masokisi ari en muchina wekugeza), nguva (tichabhururuka en June kusvika kuMalaga / Ndinoita basa rangu rechikoro en 30 maminitsi).
Pindai
Applications: hukama hwenguva pfupi (Pindai Gunyana naNovember miti yakanaka), munhu oga (Pindai Rosa naJulián vachandipengesa), yezvinhu (Ini handina kesken wachi tsvuku nebhuruu).
Kuenda
Applications: nhungamiro (Tinofanira kuenda toward Salamanca), nguva yakatarwa (Ndave naMarta toward XNUMX o'clock).
Up
Applications: magumo echiito chenguva pfupi kana kwete / nzvimbo (Ndanga ndichishanda kubva munaKurume vakakwira Gumiguru / ini ndichashanda vakakwira XNUMX o'clock / Takadya vakakwira kuguta / ndichafamba vakakwira paki uye ini ndichaenda kumba).
Kubudikidza
Applications: kuburikidza / game (Ndakaita mapepa kuburikidza electronic certificate).
Para
Applications: chinangwa (Ndinoekisesaiza nokuti kuwana kukwana), anogamuchira (Chipfeko ichi nokuti Sarah), nguva yenguva (Ndinofanira kupedza izvi nokuti mangwanani), nhungamiro (Ndinoenda nokuti Girona pakupera kwevhiki), maonero (Zvangu kuti havangauyi kumuchato).
kubudikidza
Applications: chikonzero (Ndinodzidza chiGerman kubudikidza akashanda), zvikamu zvezuva (Yakashanda kubudikidza masikati), nguva / nzvimbo yekufungidzira (Ndichaenda kuMadrid kubudikidza November / Ndinoda kufamba kubudikidza gungwa), kuburikidza (Aenda kubudikidza the main door), nguva zhinji (Ndinopa zvidzidzo zvegitare katatu kubudikidza vhiki), medio (Ndinoenda kubudikidza Internet), kutsiva (akachinja mota yake kubudikidza mudhudhudhu), chibvumirano / kusawirirana (kubudikidza kuti ndisauye).
Maererano ne
Applications: modo (Ndiri kuzoita maererano ndiudze).
chivi
Applications: kushaya (Kazhinji sepombi chivi Munyu).
About Wiki
Applications: nzvimbo (Kamera iri about mubhedha), kusvika (takagara about nguva dzepfumbamwe), tsanangudzo / nezve (Ndinoda kutaura about cinema).
Pashure
Applications: kumashure kwe (Rwizi rwuri mushure gomo iroro).
Via
Applications: kuburikidza (Tinotumira zvinyorwa via fax / Tichasvika muAlicante via Albacete).
Chinyorwa chinonakidza kwazvo. Senguva dzose nedhindi rekuvashandisa zuva rose uye tisingazvizive tinovashandisa nenzira isina kunaka. Uye kana tikashandisa mutauro zvisizvo kufunga kwedu kunopera. Ndinokutendai nokuda kwechinyorwa ichi chiri nyore uye chakakosha.
Mhoro Fernando! Ndinokutendai zvikuru nemhinduro yenyu. Izvi zvinogara zvakadaro nenyaya dzine chekuita nemutauro watinoshandisa tese asi vashoma vanoziva. Zvakakodzera kufunga nezvazvo zvishoma.