"La Celestina", naFernando Rojas, ndiro basa rinoshamisa chinonyanya kukosha uye chakakosha chezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Inoratidzira dambudziko rekukosha kwepakati nepakati uye kudisa zvinhu izvo zvakaratidzira nzanga yePre-Renaissance.
Yakanga iri pakati pe XV yezana apo tsika inoshamisa muchiCastilian yakatanga kubuda, asi aingova zviitiko zvemitambo zvaiitika pamhemberero dzakakurumbira kana mazuva echitendero seCorpus Christi kana Krisimasi. Ndipo pakupera kwezana ramakore regumi nemashanu apo theatre inosimbiswawo mumizinda yekuvaraidza dare. Mifananidzo yakadai saGómez Manrique yakatanhamara, inoratidzirwa nenzvimbo yechitendero uye Juan del Encina, neimba yechitendero uye inoshatisa. Nekudaro, iro basa rinotyisa pane ese panguva iyi yaive "La Celestina", basa risingazivikanwe, asi rakanzi rakanyorwa nemunyori Fernando de Rojas.
Basa racho
"La Celestina", mune yavo makumi maviri nerimwe anoita, Inopa kudanana pakati paMelibea naCalisto, nekupindira kunofarira kwechokwadi naLa Celestina, iyo yekare pimp.
Fernando de Rojas pachake akataura kuti akanyora iro basa kubva pakutanga chiitiko, icho chaakatowana chakanyorwa. Parizvino, zvinogamuchirwa izvo "La Celestina" Iwo mhedzisiro yevanyori vaviri: munyori asingazivikanwe angadai akanyora chiito chekutanga, uye iro rese basa, raizove runyorwa naFernando de Rojas.
Dingindira rebasa
Makaro aCelestina, iye pimp anoita pakati paMelibea naCalisto, haadi kugovera mibairo yake nevashandi vaCalisto, mukubatana naye, kunotungamira kurufu runotyisa.
El rudo pakati peCalisto naMelibea zvinosuwisawo. Callisto anofa uye anozviuraya.
Hunhu hwebasa
- Celestine: Ndiye mutambi mukuru mumutambo uye zvakare akawandisa. Iye muchembere ane utsinye, anonwa, aimbova pfambi uye anonyengera kwazvo. Zvimwe zviviri zvekusimba kwakasimba zvinotyaira maitiro ako kuzvida uye makaro. Iye ane hunyengeri, akasvinwa-muromo, uye anonyengera zvakanyanya.
- Callisto: Iye hunhu hunotyisa maficha (anoita neimwe nzira uye anotaura nenzira yakatosiyana). Rudo ndiwo musimboti wehupenyu hwake uye anoripenda semanzwiro akanaka uye asina udyire, asi bhuku richifambira mberi, zviito zvake zvinoratidzwa kupikisa mazwi ake.
- melibea: Iye musikana ane chimiro chakatsunga. Pakutanga anozvidzivirira nezve rudo runoratidzwa naCallisto kwaari, asi pakupedzisira anowira murudo. Paanoona Callisto afa, anosarudza kuzviuraya. Kusiyana naCalisto, Melibea anoziva zvazvinoreva kupinda muhukama husiri pamutemo uye kuzviuraya kwake ndeimwe mhedzisiro yekusiiwa kwehunhu hwakasimbiswa.
- Kutsigira vatambi: Sempronio naPármeno, vashandi vaCallisto; Elicia naAreúsa, pfambi dzinodzorwa naCelestina.
Chinangwa chebasa
Fernando de Rojas, mumashoko ekutanga ebasa, anoti akarinyora nechinangwa chekushoropodza zviito zvisina basa uye zvisina musoro zvevadikani, avo semhedzisiro yeunzenza hwavo, vanopinda mukunyadziswa.
Fernando de Rojas anonyora zvakare "La Celestina" nepfungwa iripo yefilosofi, nekuti kwaari, hupenyu kurwa kunoramba kuripo kunongokonzera marwadzo uye nhamo.
Chidimbu chidiki chebasa
SEMPRONIO: Ah anokara muchembere, huro nyota nyota yemari! Iwe haugutsikane nechikamu chetatu chezvawakawana?
CELESTINA: Chikamu chechitatu? Enda naMwari kubva kumba kwangu iwe, uye usacheme, usaunze nharaunda! Usaite kuti ndirasikirwe nepfungwa dzangu, usade kuti zvinhu zvaCalisto nezvako zvibude.
SEMPRONIO: Ipa mazwi kana mhere, kuti iwe uzadzise zvawakavimbisa kana kuzadzisa mazuva ako nhasi!
ELICIA: Isa munondo mukati, nekuda kwaMwari! Batisisa, Parmeno, batisisa! Usamuuraye mupengo iyeye!
CELESTINA: Ruramisiro, ruramisiro, vanhurume vavakidzani; kururamisira, vanoshora ava vanondiuraya mumba mangu!
SEMPRONIO: Ruffians kana chii? Mira muroyi, kuti ndichakuendesa kugehena netsamba.
CELESTINA: Ah, dai ndakafa, oh, oh! Kureurura, kureurura!
PÁRMENO: Ipa, ipe; zvipedze, zvakanaka watanga! Kuti ivo vachatinzwa isu! Kufa, kufa; yevavengi, zvishoma!