Mupanduki

Mupanduki inyaya yazvino uno nemunyori ane mukurumbira weValladolid Miguel Delibes. Yakabudiswa muSpain muna 1998 naEdiciones Destino. Irondedzero yemhando yenhoroondo inoratidza zviitiko zvisina kunaka zvakaitika panguva ye "kuvhima maLutheran" munyika dzeCervantes muzana ramakore rechi 1999. Iri bhuku rinoonekwa serimwe remabhuku akazara emunyori, izvo zvakamubvumira kuhwina Mubairo weNyika weNarrative muna XNUMX.

Miguel Delibes aive nebasa rakawanda rekunyora, akamira senge mumwe wevanyori vakanyanya kukosha veSpanish mushure mehondo. Repertoire yaro yakakura inobata mabasa anodarika makumi matanhatu, ayo anosanganisira zvinyorwa, nyaya pfupi, zvinyorwa, mabhuku ekufambisa uye ekuvhima. Kubudirira kwake kunoratidzwa mumibairo yake makumi maviri uye kuzivikanwa, pamwe nekugadziriswa kwemabasa ake kufirimu, theatre uye terevhizheni.

Pfupiso ye Mupanduki

Salcedo mhuri

The Salcedes, Don Bernardo nemudzimai wake CatalinaIvo vaviri venzvimbo yakanaka yemagariro, nekuda kwebhizinesi ravo nemachira eshinda. Kweanenge makore masere vakaedza kuunza-zvisina kubudirira- kumugari wenhaka yepfuma yake neupfumi. Nekurudziro yevanozivana navo, vanoenda kuna chiremba Almenara, uyo, kwenguva yakareba, anovabatsira nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubereka.

Shuwa nhumbu

Pasinei nekuita maitiro akasiyana, doña Catalina aisagona kubata pamuviri, saka akafunga kusiya pfungwa yacho. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, apo tariro dzakapera, mudzimai wacho yaive patepi. Don Bernardo akafara zvikuru nemashoko acho, sezvo vakazokomborerwa nomwanakomana.

Chiitiko chakaipa

Musi waOctober 30, 1517, Dona Catherine akaita mwana ane utano hwakanaka wavakabhabhatidza saCipriano. Zvisinei,, pasinei nemufaro wakabudiswa nekusvika, hazvisi zvese waive mufaro. Panguva yokusununguka. mukadzi yakapa matambudziko ayo vanachiremba vaisakwanisa kugadzirisa, uye mukati memazuva mashoma akafa. Mai Salcedo vakavigwa nerukudzo nerukudzo, sezvo zvaibata munhu werudzi rwavo uye mutsauko.

Kurambwa

Don Bernardo akashungurudzika mushure mekufa kwemudzimai wake ndokuramba mwana nokuda kwokuti aiva nemhosva yezvakaitika. Pasinei neizvi, murume anofanira kuva nazvo gadzirisa tsvaga mukoti kuna Cipriano. Ndizvo zvinoita hires minervine, musikana ane makore 15 okukura akanga arasikirwa nomwana wake, naizvozvo akakwanisa kuyamwisa muduku pasina dambudziko.

Kuendeswa kunochengetwa nherera

minervine akanga achichengeta mukomana kwemakore, akamuchengeta achimupa rudo rwaamai zvandaida. Kubva ndichiri mudiki, Cipriano aive anotapira uye anonzwisisa, hunhu husina kunaka kuna Don Bernardo, uyo aiedza kumudzivisa. Baba vake havana kuita nhamburiko yokumuda uye nekufamba kwenguva ruvengo irworwo rwakadzorerwa. Izvi zvakakonzera murume uyu internalize it -Senzira yekuranga- mune imwe nherera.

Nguva yakaoma

Kugara kwaCipriano muhostel zvakanga zvakaoma, ikoko aifanira kutarisana nenhamo pamusoro pokubatwa zvisina kunaka. Zvisinei, panzvimbo iyoyo akanga akadzidza uye akawana ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana. Mumakore iwayo, akanzwa nezvemaitiro evaPurotesitendi ekutanga nezvechiKaturike muEurope. Akashandawo nevamwe vake kutarisira vairwara nedenda rakaparadza Castile, iro rakasiya zviuru zvevanhu vakafa.

Nherera nemudyi wenhaka

Denda rakaipisisa rakabata Cipriano pedyokubvira akafirwa nababa vake pamaoko edenda. Mushure mekufa kwaDon Bernardo. the young, zvino nherera, ndiye oga anogarwa nhaka yemidziyo yemhuri yake. Nenguva isipi akabva atora bhizimisi racho ndokuuya nemazano akanaka akaita kuti ribudirire. Chisikwa chake chitsva - majasi ematehwe-akaiswa mutsetse - aive akakurumbira zvikuru nehuwandu hwevanhu uye kuwedzera kwekutengesa.

Shanduko hombe

Upenyu hwa Cyprian yakavandudzwa zvakanyanya, kusanganisira akawana rudo pedyo ne teo, mukadzi akanaka waakaroora naye. Pamwe chete naye, akava nenguva dzakanaka. Zvisinei, mufaro wakapera zvishoma nezvishoma, kubvira ipapo vaviri vacho vaisakwanisa kuita vana. teo akabatikana zvekuti yakaguma isina kugadzikana mupfungwa y akagamuchirwa kune imwe institution uko pakupedzisira akafa.

Magumo asingatarisirwi uye ane utsinye

Izvi zvakachinja upenyu hwaCipriano —Murume ainamata zvikuru—, nokuti akazvipa mhosva nokuda kwezvakaitika uye chirango chakaiswa kwemazuva ake ose. Kubva ipapo, akatanga kusangana nemapoka echiLutheran epachivande, iyo yakashanda nokungwarira kukuru kuti ipukunyuke Dare Rokubvunzurudza Dzvene.

Chokwadi chake chakashandurwa when Firipi II —MuKaturike akatendeka— akatsiva baba vake mu echigaro cheushe, Zvakanaka izvi akarayirwa kuti apedze vanyengeri vose zviripo muumambo. Kudzingirirana kwacho kwaisapera; chiitiko chinotyisa chakamirira vaPurotesitendi venguva iyo vakatapwa uye havana kuramba kutenda kwavo. Avo vakadzokera shure vakakwanisa kurarama. Zvisinei, Cyprian akaramba kusiya dzidziso yake, uye akaomerera kuzvitendero zvake kusvikira kumugumo.

Yekutanga data rebasa

The Heretic ibhuku rakanyorwa muValladolid, Spain, muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, panguva yaitonga Carlos V. Bhuku racho. Yakagadzirwa mumapeji 424 ine zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvakakamurwa kuva zvitsauko 17 pamwe chete. Chirongwa ichi chinotsanangurwa nemunhu wechitatu-anoziva zvese, anorondedzera hupenyu hwemutambi, Cipriano Salcedo.

Biographical pfupiso yemunyori, Miguel Delibes

Miguel Delibes Setien Akazvarwa muna Gumiguru 17, 1920 muguta reSpain reValladolid. Vabereki vake vaive María Setién naMuzvinafundo Adolfo Delibes. Akadzidza chikoro chepuraimari paColegio de las Carmelitas muguta rekumusha kwake. Pazera re16, akapedza baccalaureate yake paChikoro cheLourdes. Makore maviri gare gare -Mushure mekutanga kwehondo yevagari muSpain-, akazvipira kupinda muArmy Navy.

Mu 1939, mushure mekupera kwehondo, Akadzokera kuValladolid ndokutanga kudzidza kuInstitute of Commerce. Paakapedza dhigirii rake, akanyoresa muChikoro cheArt and Crafts kuti adzidze Law. Panguva imwecheteyo, akashanda semunyori wemifananidzo uye mutsoropodzi wefirimu wepepanhau Kuchamhembe kweCastilla. Muna 1942, akatumidzwa zita rekuti Mercantile Intendant pakati peAltos Estudios Mercantiles de Bilbao.

Zvinyorwa zvemitambo

Akatanga munyika yezvinyorwa netsoka yakarurama nekuda kwebasa rake Mumvuri wecypress wakareba (1948), novel raakagamuchira mubairo weNadal. Makore maviri gare gare, akabudisa Kunyange kwaedza (1949), basa rakamuita kuti atambure kudzorwa nemaFrancoists. Pasinei neizvi, munyori haana kumira. Mushure mebhuku rake rechitatu, Nzira (1950), akapa mabasa gore negore, kusanganisira zvinyorwa, nyaya, zvinyorwa uye matanda ekufambisa.

Kubva muna February 1973—uye kusvikira pazuva rokufa kwake—. Delibes akatora chigaro "e" cheRoyal Academy ChiSpanish. Mubasa rake rakakura semunyori, akawana mibairo yakakosha yemabasa ake, pamwe nemazita honissausa mumayunivhesiti akasiyana. Vanomira zvakasiyana kubva kwavari:

• Muchinda weAsturias Mubairo weZvinyorwa (1982)
• Chiremba honoris causa kubva kuComplutense University yeMadrid (1987)
• Mubairo Wenyika Wetsamba dzeSpanish (1991)
• Miguel de Cervantes Award (1993)
• Menduru yegoridhe yeCastilla y León (2009)

Hupenyu hwemunhu nerufu

Miguel Delibes chinobata mufananidzo Akaroora Ángeles de Castro musi waApril 23, 1946, naani vaiva nevana vanomwe: Miguel, Ángeles, Germán, Elisa, Juan Domingo, Adolfo naCamino. Muna 1974, rufu rwemudzimai wake rwakanga rusati rwaitika uye rwakazoitika muupenyu hwake, ndokusaka akadzikisa kumhanya kwezvinyorwa zvake. Kurume 12, 2010, mushure mekutambudzika kwenguva refu nekenza, akafa kumba kwake en Valladolid.

Kubva muna 2007, pakuzvarwa kwemunyori makumi masere nemanomwe, imba yekutsikisa Destino neCírculo de Lectores yakaburitsa mabhuku manomwe anounganidza mabasa ake. Izvi ndezvi:

• Munyori wemabhuku, I (2007)
• Souvenirs uye kufamba (2007)
• Munyori wenhau, II (2008)
• Munyori wenhau, III (2008)
• Munyori wemabhuku, IV (2009)
• Muvhimi (2009)
• Mutori wenhau. Munyori wezvinyorwa (2010)

Munyori wenhau

• Mumvuri wecypress wakareba (1948)
• Kunyange izuva (1949)
• Nzira (1950)
• Mwanakomana wangu akanamatwa Sisi (1953)
• Hunter's Diary (1955)
• Dhayari yemutami (1958)
• Shizha dzvuku (1959)
• Makonzo (1962)
• Maawa mashanu naMario (1966)
• Mufananidzo weye castaway (1969)
• Muchinda akabviswa pachigaro (1973)
• Hondo dzemadzitateguru edu (1975)
• Vhoti inopokana yaSeñor Cayo (1978)
• Ivo vatsvene vasina mhosva (1981)
• Tsamba dzerudo dzinobva kune akasarudzika sexagenarian (1983)
• Pfuma (1985)
• Gamba huni (1987)
• Mukadzi mutsvuku pane grey kumashure (1991)
• Dhayari remudyandigere (1995)
• Mupanduki (1998)