Miguel de Unamuno, munyori wenhoroondo.
Kutaura nezveSpain ndeyekuita zvisina tsarukano pachivako chemabhuku akanaka, uye kana tichitaura nezvevagadziri vayo, Miguel de Unamuno anomira pakati pavo kuti awane mukana wakakura. Uyu munyori weBilbao akazvarwa muna 1864 akaratidzirwa nenyeredzi yetsamba nefilosofi, zvakadzika kwazvo, muropa rake.
Unamuno akatanga basa rake rekunyora makore makumi matatu nemasere mushure mekuzvarwa kwake, nebasa rake Runyararo muhondo (1895). Vatsoropodzi vakamugamuchira nerumbidzo nekukosha kwemashoko ake uye kusimba kwekutaura kwake. Nesimba rimwe chetero iro tsamba dzaimhanya naro mutsinga dzake, iko kudana kwedzidzo kwakapfachukira, kuve kudzidziswa kwemutauro uye nhoroondo kuda kwake.
Unamuno, pakati pezvematongerwo enyika, makakatanwa netsamba
Miguel de Unamuno aive asiri mweni kune zviitiko zvematongerwo enyika yake, hunhu hwake hwakazvidzivirira, pamwe nekutenda kwake. Chaive chikonzero ichi chekuti aive nhengo yeSpanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) kwemakore matatu (1894-1897).
Mubato akataura pfungwa dzake nepfungwa, mitsara yakanyatso tsanangurwa iyo yakazomutorera kudzingwa kwechinzvimbo chake semutungamiriri, achiiswa mutirongo nekudzingwa kwake. Zvese izvi, pakutanga, kuratidza rutsigiro rwake kune vanobatana muna 1914 (izvi zvakamutorera chinzvimbo cherector). Zvino, muna 1920, munyori akataura mubhuku achipesana naMambo Alfonso XIII (izvi zvakaita kuti asungwe).
Pakupedzisira, muna 1924 Unamuno akatapwa nePrimo de Rivera, mudzvanyiriri. Pakutanga mvumo yaive yekuti munyori aendeswe kuCanary Islands, asi Unamuno akaenda kuFrance. Uku kwaive kutsunga uye kugona kwetsamba uye kufunga kwemunyori kuti hutongi hwaisakwanisa kutsungirira kuvepo kwake uye kuyedza kumudzinga.
Quote naMiguel de Unamuno.
Basa rakakura kunyangwe mukutambudzika
Kunyangwe zvese zvakaitika, Unamuno haana kumira kugadzira uye kugadzira. Kugadzira kwake, senge kwaLope de Vega, kwaive kusinganeti. Mira pakati pezvisikwa zvavo Fog (1914), Girazi rerufu (1913), Tulio Montalban (1920), zvese zvakakosha kuverenga kuti udzidze.
Kudzidzira kwanga kusiri kwemweni kwaari, kuchipenya pakati peizvi Hupenyu hwaDon Quixote naSancho (1905) uye Kubudikidza nenyika dzePortugal neSpain (1911). Nhetembo dzaimufadzawo, uye mumhando iyi dzinomira Teresa. Nhetembo dzeNyanduri Asingazivikanwe (1924) uye Dzinga mabhaladhi (1928). Akanyorawo theatre, ari Iyo sphinx (1898) uye Chimwe chacho (1932) maviri ezvinyorwa zvakakosha kwazvo.
Ndiwo, ipapo, mabasa aUnamuno, hupenyu hwake pachahwo, nhaka inotibvumidza kusimbisa kuti iye munyori wenhoroondo.